Yaroslav Mudry

Tub huabtais Yaroslav cov Wise (txog 980-1054) yog tus tub ntawm Vladimir Thawj Sviatoslavovych thiab ntxhais fuabtais ntawm Polotsk Rogneda. Nws tus poj niam yog tus ntxhais ntawm King Olav lub Swedish Ingigerda (Irina nyob rau hauv kev cai raus dej).

Nyob rau hauv adulthood, Yaroslav los ua tus tub huabtais ntawm Rostov, tab sis tej lub sij hawm tom qab ntawd (tom qab nws tuag Vysheslav) Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Novgorod.

Nyob rau hauv 1015 Pes tsawg feem (tom qab kev tuag ntawm Vladimir Thawj Sviatoslavovych) seized lub zwm txwv ntawm Kiev stepbrother Yaroslav Svyatopolk raug foom tsis ua ntej. Raws li ib tug version, Svyatopolk, xav mus tshem tawm rivals, uas tag nrho cov kwv tij. Yaroslav kuj yuav tsis tua. Predslava muam ceeb toom nws txog qhov kev nyab xeeb. Raws li lwm version, qhov kev tuag ntawm tag nrho cov kwv tij ua txhaum ntawm kev Yaroslav Mudry nws tus kheej. Nyob rau hauv 1015 Pes tsawg feem, nyob rau hauv lub Kaum Ob Hlis, nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Ljubech Svyatopolk twb swb lawm. Yaroslav Mudry yuav Kiev.

Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv 1018 Svyatopolk dua invaded lub Lavxias teb sab teb chaws. Thaum lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub kab Kiev twb recaptured. Yaroslav Mudry khiav mus Novgorod. Los yeej muaj nws npaj mus rau Scandinavia. Tab sis tus tub huabtais ntawm Novgorod twb yuam kom mus ntxiv cov sib ntaus sib tua. Nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub Alte Svyatopolk twb swb lawm. Yog li, Yaroslav Mudry dua kov yeej Kiev.

Nyob rau lub zwm txwv ntawm Kiev thov lwm tus kwv tij, Mstislav. Yaroslav tom qab defeating Svyatopolk pib ib tug tshiab kev sib ntaus. Nyob rau hauv 1024 ib tug sib ntaus sib tua coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv deciduous. Yeej nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua yeej Mstislav. Txawm li cas los, Yaroslav twb tso cai rau tus muaj zog nyob rau hauv Kiev. Yog li, lub qub Lavxias teb sab xeev twb muab faib nruab nrab ntawm ob kwv tij. Yaroslav dhau los ntawm lub cheeb tsam mus rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub Dnieper, thiab Mstislav - sab hnub tuaj ua ke nrog Chernigov. Nws tuag nyob rau hauv 1035 Mstislav. Los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawd nyob rau hauv, "samovlasttsem" nyob rau hauv Russia los ua Yaroslav.

Cov kev ua ub ntawm tus pas ntsuas tom qab kawg sib ntaus sib tua ntawm hardwood tau qhia mas cov enlightenment thiab cov kis ntawm cov ntseeg Vajtswv nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv 1036-37, nyob rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tub huabtais Yaroslav tau ua haib fortresses, ua Golden Gate mus rau lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm cov Annunciation. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws twb nrhiav tau los ntawm lub Koom Txoos ntawm St. Sophia, ua lub monastery ntawm St. Irene thiab George.

Nyob rau hauv "taleas ntawm bygone Xyoo," ib tug ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv taw tes rau qhov kev kawm ua ub no ntawm tus kav. Los ntawm tub huabtais Yaroslav twb txhais ntau phau ntawv los ntawm Greek rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus. Cov hauj lwm tsim lub hauv paus tsim nyob rau hauv lub tuam tsev qiv ntawv ntawm Sofia. Tus thawj daim cai nyob rau hauv Russia tau tsim Yaroslav Mudry. "Lavxias teb sab tseeb" tau ua ib tug loj qhov chaw ntawm nyiaj txiag, kev sib raug zoo, kev cai lij choj kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub ancient Slavs.

Kwv yees li tsam ntawm Kievskiy Illarion tau ua nyob rau hauv 1050 - tus thawj Lavxias teb sab tsam, tiv thaiv lub ywj pheej ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab diocese thiab kev ywj pheej los ntawm Constantinople.

Nyob rau hauv txawv teb chaws txoj cai, tus uas kav lub cov kev ua tau aimed ntawm strengthening cov kev cai ntawm lub qub Lavxias teb sab xeev. Vladimir Thawj Yaroslavovich rau cov teg num ntawm Yaroslava Mudrogo nyob rau hauv 1043 undertook ib tug Lub peb hlis ntuj ntawm Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog tiv thaiv Byzantium, twb nyob rau hauv tsis ua hauj lwm.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias lub npe menyuam yaus "Wise" Yaroslav rho rau nws txoj kev kawm thiab rau tsoom fwm kev ua si nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Txawm li cas los, muaj ntau yam ua tus tswv xeev thiab ntxiv dag zog rau lwm kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub xeev. Yog li ntawd, Jaroslav muaj ib tug heev ntse "dynastic txoj". Kev sib yuav uas tau kos npe los ntawm nws cov me nyuam, tso cai rau Russia kom intermarry nrog yuav luag tag nrho ntawm cov teb chaws Europe. Qhov no "dynastic txoj" pab mus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub nqi zog, nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws raws li tshiab lub zos, cov lag luam tawm flourished, twb ua lub koom txoos thiab monasteries. Tom qab, lub "dynastic txoj" legislate Alexander kuv Blessed. Raws li cov txais lub tsev lag luam ntawm lub Imperial lub tsev ntawm txwv tsis pub tsis zoo tib txij ua nkawm.

Raws li ib co lus ceeb toom, txoj kev tuag ntawm Yaroslav tuaj nyob rau hauv 1054, nyob rau lub ob hlis ntuj 20. Kav bequeathed lub zwm txwv rau nws tus tub Izyaslav, uas kav nyob rau hauv Novgorod.