Yam ntawm kev hais lus

Ua ntej koj yuav to taub zoo li cas yog cov sib nrauj ntawm kev hais lus, nws yuav tsum tau to taub hais tias qhov no kab lis kev cai yog. Culture hais lus - yog lub peev xwm rau zoo siv cov cuab yeej kawm rau lub feem ntau muaj tseeb thiab npaum kis tau tus mob ntawm koj li kev xav, kev kawm rau cov kev cai ntawm kev sib txuas lus.

Cias muab, lub kab lis kev cai ntawm kev hais lus (KR) - nws yog tsis muaj dab tsi zoo li lub peev xwm los hais lus concisely thiab meej, vividly thiab colorfully nyob ntawm qhov teeb meem no.

Xav txog tej yam uas ib tug neeg nkag mus rau, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub nrog uas mus sib yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw, thiab, tig mus rau lub pawg neeg pab txiav, hais tias: "Nyob zoo txhua leej txhua tus!". Qhov teeb meem no, ntawm chav kawm, absurd.

Culture ntawm kev hais lus tshwm sim precisely li hais tias txiv neej yuav kom zoo saib lo lus nyob rau hauv txoj cai qhov teeb meem no. Tom qab tag nrho, tej lo lus ces muab pov tseg ntawm random muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug lub koob npe nrov rau hais lus deprived ntawm kev kawm ntawv tsis paub, tsis paub cai, ruam ib tug neeg.

KR pab zoo hais lus tsis txawj txaus, cob qhia zoo heev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub lus txiav txim ntawm yog leejtwg tiag.

Lub tswvyim ntawm "kab lis kev cai ntawm kev hais lus" xws li muaj peb lub ntsiab yam: tham, normative, zoo. Cov sib nrauj ntawm kev hais lus tso cai rau peb mus xav txog nws nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nws zoo, uas saib kuas zoo kev sib txuas lus, cov neeg, thiab lwm yam Siv Nws tej kev kawm tus neeg yuav tsum muaj nuj nqis, tseem ceeb, intelligible.

Standard nam ntawm kev hais lus yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab txhais ntawm "ib txwm" raws li cov uas tswv yim ntawm kev hais lus thiab siv lus kab lis kev cai.

Cov cai no yog hu ua lub complex lub feem ntau yooj yim rau lub niaj zaus txij nkawm ntawm ib tug lub neej ntawm lus pab. Qhov no complex yog tsim raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm kev xaiv ntawm lexical, syntactic, morphological, thiab lwm yam hais.

Hauv plawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab kev sau ntawv lus nrhiav tau ib tug txawj cai: set ntawm cov lus tshwm sim yog tsis yog thaws rov los nyob rau hauv tus hais lus ntawm nws cov xov xwm thiab tso cai rau noj, tab sis embodied nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kev cai.

Xav cov yam ntawm kev hais lus, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias tus normative nam - lub xwb ib tug uas yog kev kawm mus rau codification.

Codification - ib tug rog xav txog ntawm cov lus txoj cai uas tau tshwm sim objectively, thiab yog li ntawd yog tsau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kev cai thiab cov kev cai, raws li reflected nyob rau hauv lub dictionaries, cov phau ntawv, siv phau ntawv.

Xam tias yog muaj tseeb xwb no siv lus pab, uas Txoj kev no thiab enshrined nyob rau hauv cov kev cai.

Lub koom dimension ntawm kev hais lus implies lub peev xwm kom zoo zoo saib lo lus nyob rau hauv ib tug teeb meem no xyov. Qhov no yuav tsum tau kev paub txog cov lus qhia kom, kev cai, kab lis kev cai ntawm kev coj cwj pwm, vim hais tias lawv yog lub hauv paus rau ib tug muaj tseeb xaiv lus. Lub koom dimension, raws li txwv mus rau ntxawg, kev kawm mus rau situational. Piv txwv li, hais lus qauv (goodbye, tos txais, caw, thiab lwm yam), kev kho mob, thiab ib co lwm yam ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv lub koom nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas lus, lawv lub hnub nyoog, haiv neeg, kev sib raug zoo, thiab lwm yam.

Tu siab, lub koom tivthaiv ntawm tus hais lus hnub no yog deb ntawm zoo meej. Lub koom dimension txwv tsis pub hais lus dev, hais lus nyob rau hauv ib tug txhawb laus. Peb yog peb cov khub pej xeem yog ua poorer hloov trope los colloquial cov ntsiab lus. Brann txawm cov hluas, cov poj niam. Loj heev kev ua txhaum ntawm kev hais lus cov lus qhia - ib tug kos npe rau ntawm cov poob ntawm ib haiv neeg kab lig kev cai.

Communicative nam KR Nws assumes cov tswv cuab ntawm tag nrho cov kev haumxeeb ntawm ntau yam lus.

Educated neeg, nyob ntawm seb qhov teeb meem no, yuav tsum muaj kev paub qhia lo lus sib txuas lus nyob rau hauv ib tug scientific los yog ua lag ua luam style, tau mus rau kis nws xav officially-ua lag ua luam hom lus, paub thiab muaj peev xwm rau competently siv nws hais lus qhia txhais tau tias ntawm artistic ntaub ntawv.

Yam ntawm kev hais lus kab lis kev cai hloov nrog lub sij hawm, vim hais tias cov haiv neeg hloov thiab yam lus uas ua hauj lwm pab nws.