Tsim, Zaj dabneeg
Vim li cas kuv xav tau ib tug compass? Lub keeb kwm ntawm nws keeb kwm thiab ua daim ntawv thov.
Compass - ib tug ancient tab sis tseem tiag tiag invention ntawm noob neej. Qhov no kawm yog nthuav vim hais tias nws tsim ua hauj lwm pab purely scientific lub hom phiaj. Cov compass yuav siv tsis tau rau kev yos hav zoov, raws li ib tug hneev nti thiab xib xub tau tsiv mus nyob, zoo li ib tug log, ua noj ua haus thiab ua tsiaj zoo li hluav taws. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog bronze muaj ib tug yuav tsum tau lub ntsiab lus rau hauv av txoj cai voj voog. Yog li, npaj siab yuav kos, ntsuas thiab cais tawm ib tug vajvoog tuaj mus rau to taub yog vim li cas peb yuav tsum tau ib tug compass thiab yuav ua li cas siv nws.
Cov lus dab neeg ntawm lub tsos ntawm cov compass
Kev lig kev cai prescribes invention compasses legendary inventor tub lub npe hu Daedalus - Talos. Talos nyob rau hauv Athens. Twb thaum muaj hnub nyoog 12 nws yees ua lub puab lauj kaub tej log, uas nws twb tau mus ua ib tug ntau yam tais diav. Mus taug kev raws tus ntug dej hiav txwv, Talos tsa ntses cev pob txha, thiab qhov no coj nws mus rau lub tswv yim ntawm lwm invention - ib tug pom. Kev cob cog rua ntawm ib tug khawm, ob tug zoo tib sticks, Talos invented lub compass. Daedalus khib lub hauv paus rau nws lawm tub, thiab ib zaug rau ib tug taug kev thawb Talos nrog lub nroog phab ntsa.
scientific hypothesis
Muaj lwm, ntau scientific hypothesis, uas piav txog yog vim li cas muaj ib tug compass, yuav ua li cas puas tau no tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom ntawm ancient cov neeg. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav qhia rau lub voj voog, muab ib tug pas thiab hlua. Yuav kom ib tug hlua txuas Ember los sis ib daim ntawm cwj mem av dawb, thiab yog li twb tsis siv voj voog. Tom qab ntawd hloov los ntawm ib tug nyias hlua los yog ib tug sprig ntawm cov quav hniav. Qhov no tso cai rau tus qauv npaj ntawm lub vajvoog tsuas muab voos kheej-kheej, Thaum kawg, thiab qhov teeb meem no tau lawm - mus rau ib lwm cov quav hniav txuas thiab kaw lawv nrog txhua lwm yam. Yog li kuv muab, thiab tus thawj divider.
Tus qauv ntawm lub compass
Cov kev khiav hauj lwm hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov compass thiab nws cov qauv tseem unchanged rau ntau pua xyoo. Niaj hnub nimno technologies tau ua xwb no ntaus ntawv ntau yooj yim rau siv. Nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, lub koob no yog ua los ntawm cov qhov chaw:
- yas dhos. Lub uppermost ib feem ntawm lub compass. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm lub yas dhos - kom tiv thaiv zawv zawg tes thaum ua tau zoo ntawm daim duab. Yog li ntawd, tuav tseg thiab ua lub ntxhib los nrog tshwj xeeb ua si nraum zoov rau tus ntiv tes;
- Qws. Qhov no yog lub ntsiab ua hauj lwm ib feem ntawm ib tug compass, nws "ko taw." Kev detailers xav compasses, nyob rau hauv uas rods no yog ua los ntawm high-zog hlau. Qhov no muab ib yam tsawg kawg nkaus hardness kab thiab kev ua yuam kev thaum uas siv cov ntaus ntawv. Thiab yog vim li cas muaj ib tug compass nrog yas los yog ntoo rods? Nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam thiab tsev kawm ntawv seev siab precision yog tsis yuav tsum tau, yog li ntawd, xws compasses yuav ua los ntawm yas;
- koob. Nws yuav tsum muaj zog heev thiab ntse maximize nrees kho dividers nyob rau reference taw tes thiab txo qhov yuav ua rau slippage ntawm daim duab ntsuas;
- packing. Feem ntau, nozzles protrude slate pas nuv ntses ntawm ntau nruj. Draftsman xaiv lub rigidity ntawm cov hmoov txhuas nyob rau hauv lub hom hauj lwm ua.
Siv ib tug compass nyob rau hauv geometry
Nyob rau cov lus teb rau cov nqe lus nug ntawm yog vim li cas peb yuav tsum tau ib tug compass, tsis muaj ib tug xav tias rau ib ntev lub sij hawm. Qhov no kawm yog paub txawm schoolchildren. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog vim li cas peb yuav tsum tau ib tug compass - mus kos voj voog ntawm ntau ntau thiab tsawg. Cov menyuam kawm ntawv laus twb paub hais tias cov compass yog tsis tsuas kos ib lub voj voog, tab sis kuj daws tau ib tug ntau ntawm txawv duab teeb meem.
Piv txwv li, faib lub ya mus rau hauv ob qhov chaw sib npaug zos tsis muaj nqus cov cuab yeej nyuaj heev. Siv ib tug compass, ib ya yuav tau muab faib ua ob kiag li sib npaug zos ntev qhov chaw. Raws li yuav pom, xws li ib lub lag luam yog tsim nyog los taw tes, denoting qhov xaus ntawm lub ya, ua qhov chaw ntawm kev sib tshuam voj voog. Los ntawm cov kev tshuam taw tes ntawm lub voj voog peb kos ib kab raws li tus chord. Cov kev tshuam taw tes ntawm cov kab thiab ib tug predetermined ntev ntawm no ya yuav phua raws nraim nyob rau hauv ib nrab.
Ntawm no yog lwm cov piv txwv ntawm yog vim li cas peb yuav tsum tau ib tug compass. Piv txwv muab sab ntawm lub duab peb sab, uas yog tsim nyog los tsim rau ntawm daim ntawv. "Los ntawm lub qhov muag" yog tsis yooj yim sua los mus txiav txim qhov tseeb ces kaum, uas yuav muaj ib tug daim duab peb sab.
Tam sim no koj muaj ib lub tswv yim ntawm yog vim li cas peb yuav tsum tau ib tug compass. Dluab hais saum toj no piv txwv nws siv.
Siv cov compass -izmeritelya
Txij ancient sij hawm, qhov compass tau nthuav nws cov uas duav txhua yam ntawm daim ntawv thov. Piv txwv li, nws muaj raws li qhov cuab tam txawm tsis muaj cov hmoov txhuas los yog xaum rau - nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si nws ob txhais ceg -ostrye koob. Ib tug yuav hais yog vim li cas peb yuav tsum tau ib tug compass tsis muaj cov hmoov txhuas? Tej engineer yuav qhia rau koj hais tias nws -tsirkul-meter. Nws tsis yog npaj rau duab voj voog thiab ellipses, tab sis muaj nyob rau hauv txhua tus duab. Vim li cas kuv xav tau ib tug compass 'meter'? Nrog nws ib tug yuav sai sai thiab meej ntsuas mus nyob rau hauv lub nqus tib yam los yog ua nqus markup siv luag pom khawb rau ntawm daim ntawv.
Siv cov compass surveyors
Siv ib tug compass thiab surveyors. Lawv tsuas muaj nws yog loj, thiab qhov kev ncua deb ntawm tus tuav ntawm nws nruj me ntsis txhais - feem ntau yog ib tug 'meter'. Stepping nrog rau ib tug compass, ib tug surveyor yuav meej txiav txim seb tus loj ntawm lub teb chaws, vim hais tias txhua kauj ruam ntsuas lub surveyor xws compasses ib 'meter' square.
Cov piv txwv yog tsuas ib tug me me degree ntawm muab ib lub tswv yim ntawm yog vim li cas peb yuav tsum tau ib tug compass. Cov lus teb, ib tug tob thiab ntau ntxaws, yuav muab kev kawm txog zauv, geologists, engineers, builders thiab cov neeg ntawm lwm yam hauj lwm.
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