Ussuri cia: State Xwm Reserve nyob rau hauv Primorsky Krai

Ussuri Xwm Reserve nyob rau hauv lub Primorye Territory tau pom nws kim heev kev ua hauj lwm rau hluav lub teb chaws lub ntuj wealth. Guests muaj sij hawm los saib tag nrho cov splendor ntawm tej chaw no. Lawv yuav muab lub sij hawm mus taug kev raws tus ecological txoj kev. Ib tug mus ntsib mus rau lub zos tsev cia puav pheej ntawm xwm, koj tau ua ntau me ntsis txog cov lub keeb kwm thiab lub inhabitants ntawm lub zeem cia.

creation

Nyob rau hauv 1913, botanist Komarov tuaj ntawm no kom paub ntau ntxiv txog lub zos cov nroj tsuag. Tab sis yuav tsim tau lub chaw uas zoo heev ntawm tus tiv thaiv cheeb tsam yog tsis tam sim ntawd khees, tiam sis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1932. Qhov no pab USSR. Lub chaw uas zoo heev npaum li cas nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb tswj nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tiv thaiv thiab khaws cia tsawg hom, uas twb nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm uas twb nyob rau hauv lub Red Phau Ntawv ntawm lub teb chaws.

General ntaub ntawv hais txog lub zeem cia

Lub zeem cia npog thaj tsam ntawm lub Ussuri thiab Shkotovsky chaw. Nws cheeb tsam tag nrho 40.432 hectares. Muaj dej thiab Artemivka Komarovka dej ntws. Ib tug ntawm cov riches ntawm cov chaw yog liana deciduous hav zoov, uas suab zoo nyob rau hauv lub Far East.

nyem

Ussuri Reserve txawv uas tsis muaj-roob struts. Ib txhia lub roob saum yuav ncav cuag 700 meters, tab sis feem ntau qhov nruab nrab qhov siab - 300-400 meters. Local pob zeb - yog shale, sandstone, ntxeem tau basalt, quartz porphyries. Muaj kuj yog ib tug diabase thiab andesite porphyry, uas ua rau ib tug nqaim watershed caj. Muaj limestone tawm, thiab ntawm lawv yog ib tug zoo nkauj tus mob rocky massif lub npe hu ua Zmeinka Nyob rau sab qaum teb sab ntawm lub zeem cia. Nws yog ib lub qhov tsua uas muaj ib tug poetic lub npe "Tsaug zog Kev zoo nkauj".

Nyob rau lub teb chaws muaj roob-hav zoov av yam uas txawv zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ib tug sod-alluvial thiab alluvial xim av av hom ntse hav dej.

kev nyab xeeb

Reserve Ussuriysky koom lub Amur-Ussuri climatic cheeb tsam, uas yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug loj tsawv monsoon kev nyab xeeb ntxwv. Frost-free hnub hauv ib xyoos, muaj ntau txog 105-120. Yog hais tias peb rho qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo kub yog 2.5 ^° C Lub yim hli ntuj yog lub warmest hlis nrog ib tug nruab nrab cim ntawm 19.7 ^° C nyob rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj (lub coldest hlis) - -17.9 ^C. Tab sis av tsis siab tshaj plaws yog tsau nyob 60 ^C thiab -32 ° ^C rau tsawg kawg ib xyoos nyob rau nruab nrab 700-800 hli ntuj nag, tab sis nws tshwm sim qhuav xyoo (500 mm) thiab caij los nag (1200 hli). Qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo av noo - 70-80%.

Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, cov kev nyab xeeb yog yus muaj los ntawm: lub caij ntuj sov tshav kub, ntub, lub caij ntuj no - me ntsis daus, moderately mob hnyav.

nroj tsuag

Muaj ntawm Ussuriisk lub teb chaws tiaj ua si yog heev ntau haiv neeg, txawm lub fact tias txog 98% ntawm lub chaw uas zoo heev yog nyob los ntawm cov mixed coniferous thiab deciduous hav zoov. Tiam sis ntawm no lub feem ntau ntau coniferous-deciduous hav zoov (ntawm tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm 42%).

Reserve neeg ua hauj lwm ua ib tug kev kawm thiab kwv yees tus xov tooj ntawm nroj tsuag tsiaj ntawm lawv: nceb - ntau tshaj 1000, hais txog 820 hom vascular, 250 mosses, hais txog 200 hom algae, Lichens ntau pua leej.

Ntawm cov ntau tsiaj ntawm cov ntoo nyob ntawm no Korean cedar (nws pob zeb ntoo thuv), abies fir holophylla, daj birch, hornbeam serdtselistny, Manchurian Walnut, spruce ajanensis. Tsis tas li ntawd yeej los ntawm linden Tacke, linden Amur thiab Manchurian, elms thiab Lobed nram hav, me me-leaved Maple thiab lwm hom.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub Ussuri Xwm Reserve yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv shrubs, cov uas yog: honeysuckle, spirea, hazel Manchu, zoo-leaved mock txiv kab ntxwv, Siberian ginseng. Los ntawm liana muaj xws li suav magnolia hmab, Actinidia Kolomikta thiab Argut, Amur txiv hmab.

Nyob rau lub teb chaws loj hlob ntau tshuaj ntsuab. Ntawm no, lub feem ntau heev ntau hom ntawm Dryopteris, sedges, horsetails, athyrium, oxalis, rue thiab lwm tus neeg.

Tab sis lub ntsiab nqi yog cov nroj tsuag uas muaj npe nyob rau hauv lub Red Phau Ntawv. Cov no muaj xws yew, ginseng tiag tiag, Prinsep Suav Juniper khoom, kalopanax semilopastny thiab Pinus densiflora.

Ussuri cia: tej tsiaj thiab noog

Txij li thaum lub cheeb tsam yog kiag li nyob rau hauv cover ntawm lub hav zoov, nws tau tsim zoo heev tej yam kev mob rau muaj ntau yam nyob creatures. Nyob rau hauv cov qhov chaw, peb pom lub tsev tsiaj ntse Woodland. Yog li ntawd, Ussuri Xwm Reserve tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv nws lub tsev 62 hom tsiaj, tshaj 160 hom noog, 7 - cov tsiaj reptiles, 6 - amphibians, 12 - ntses thiab cyclostomes. Muaj ib tug ntau ntawm invertebrates, cov uas 32 hom nyob rau hauv lub Red Phau Ntawv. Nyob rau hauv lub zeem cia koj yuav nrhiav tau qhov loj tshaj plaws kab ntawm lub teb chaws - lub tej yam qub qab barbel. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj yog ya loj npauj npaim - hvostonosets Maak, brameya Tankre Saturn Artemis.

Lub zeem cia yog lub tsev mus rau ntau badgers, qus boars, squirrels, liab voles, txhua, liab mos lwj. Ntawm cov noog yuav tsum tau hu ua woodpecker (Laus thiab dawb-backed), oatmeal (thiab daj-grey-taws), grouse, gaichek tits dawb-bellied thiab dub-taws. Tab sis nws yog tsim nyog sau cia hais tias tus dej yog yeej los ntawm cov noog no.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm lub zeem cia yog khaws cia tsis tshua muaj hom ntawm extinction, thiaj li muaj ib tug ntau ntawm lub neej ntawm tus neeg uas teev nyob rau hauv lub Red Phau Ntawv. Cov noog txheeb xws buzzard dav, mandarin, iglonogaya daus, Crested Honey buzzard, Dub Stork thiab lwm tus neeg. Dhau li ntawm tus noog muaj xws li cov tsiaj raws li cov Far Eastern hav zoov miv, neeg Esxias tsev shrew, Himalayan dub dais, tsov txaij vostochnosibirsky, dawb vog mos lwj thiab ntau lwm tus neeg, uas tiv thaiv lub Ussuri Xwm Reserve. Lub Amur tsov tseem yog ua tsaug rau nyob ntawm no muaj peev xwm yuav ua tau kom nws cov pejxeem.

Lub zeem cia yog lub tsev mus rau tsawg invertebrates, piv txwv li, yog ib tug kooj Uvarova thiab nqaim-chested av kab.

Tsis pub dhau lub zeem cia yog ib qhov chaw rau kev kawm ntawv ntawm orphaned Xyooj Cubs, uas yog ua nrog lub hnub nyoog.

Cov ntaub ntawv rau cov qhua cia

Cov neeg uas xav mus xyuas cov amazing qhov chaw, yuav tsum paub hais tias muaj tshwj xeeb kev uas yog tsim los zoo tshawb tus muaj thiab fauna. Qhov kawg ntawm cov lus, muaj saib platforms overlooking lub hav zoov. Nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm lub zeem cia yuav tsum lub tsev nyob qhov twg nws nyob Komarov thiab nyob ze - nws qhov chaw ntawm kev faus neeg. Nws kuj yog ib tug ntawm cov interesting khoom yog Zmeinka roob tsua, yog ib tus uas koj yuav saib tau lub interesting nyem dluab ua nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm.