Ultrasonic qhov khuam: kev qhia, daim duab, specifications, manufacturers, pov thawj

Kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm lub cev lub cev los ntawm txoj kev ultrasonic tsis pib siv thaum pib ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo. Lub ntsuas ntaus ntawv yog hu ua "ultrasonic qhov khuam." Tam sim ntawd tom qab tus foundations txoj kev mus yuam kev ntau muaj koob meej ntawm lub engineers thiab cov neeg muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb.

General ntaub ntawv hais txog lub tshuab

Ultrasound penetrates los ntawm lub khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov khoom khoom, thiab tej zaum yuav txawm kho lub hav zoov noj keej nyob rau hauv sab hauv ntawm tus kwv. Tus ntaus ntawv tso cai los mus txiav txim lub defect tob ntawm 7-50 hli nrog ib tug neeg ntawm ± 1 hli.

Ultrasonic qhov khuam detectors muaj ntau yam kev rhiab heev. Xws li ib tug qhia yog txiav txim me me luaj li cas tsis xws luag. Tus uas muaj lub siv ntawm chav nyob yog dav heev. Piv txwv li, zus tau tej cov hlau.

Intuitive interface ntaus ntawv muab zoo thiab niaj hnub siv ntawm cov apparatus. Tus ntaus ntawv nta ib tug precision, ua tau kom tau high-theem tau thiab ntes cov nyob uas tsis xws luag.

Cov cheeb tsam ntawm kev siv ntawm lub twj paj nruag

Qhov khuam kom paub tias raws li ultrasound yuav tsum muaj ntaub ntawv rau yuav luag txhua lub tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas rau tebchaws hauv lub xub ntiag thaum tej kab nrib pleb, pores, slag thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag.

Feem ntau cov chaw muaj xws li:

• Welds. Qhov no yog lub ntsiab daim ntawv thov ntawm tus xauj tsev.
• Primary co choj beams, tuav, rods, hlab workpieces.
• Infrastructure. Bolted kev sib txuas, rub rau u ntawm cov hlau qauv.
• Petrochemical kev lag luam. Xyuas reservoirs pipelines, load-tau cov kabmob lug.
• Control lag luam ntawm lub log thiab shafts qhia lub tsheb, aircraft yuav tsaws iav, ncua kev kawm ntawv motors, crane booms, tsav shafts, tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov hlab ntsha nyob rau hauv siab.
• ntau lawm cheeb tsam. Muab vuam nqaws, soldered pob qij txha, cov khoom ua los ntawm casting, tswj lub endurance ntawm puas cov ntaub ntawv.
• Xyuas cov ntaub ntawv aircraft qhov chaw, cua turbines, xyaw.

Daim ntawv thov qhov khuam txawv teb chaws

Nyob rau hauv kev lag luam, ultrasonic qhov khuam detectors tau siv nyob rau hauv lub 50-ies. Tom qab ntawd thawj series ntawm raj pab kiag li lawm tau raug tsim. Txij li thaum uas lub sij hawm, nws tau sau nws kim heev kev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov ntawm ultrasonic soj ntsuam txoj kev.

Nyob rau hauv European lub teb chaws, soj ntsuam tau noj ib tug muaj zog txoj hauj lwm. Nws tso nyiaj rau ib tug thib peb ntawm tag nrho cov ntim ntawm cov khoom soj ntsuam. Nws kuj sau tias, txawm tus automation ntawm zog, qhov no txoj kev yog muab ua tib zoo saib.

Qhov no yog ntaus nqi mus rau qhov tseeb hais tias ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nqa tawm nyob rau qhov chaw xws li nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag, pipelines nrog txawv cov hom phiaj, hlau lug, cov tsheb, thiab lwm leej lwm tus. Ib tug txawv feature ntawm tag nrho cov lug yog lawv muaj ntau haiv neeg, uas complicates kev siv cov automation.

Kev siv cov twj suab seev nyob rau hauv lub domestic kev lag luam

Nyob rau hauv lub domestic kev lag luam ultrasound tswj occupies ib tug leading txoj hauj lwm. Qhov no yog evidenced los ntawm tus xov tooj ntawm cov tub txawg uas koom nyob rau hauv uas zoo sib xws ua hauj lwm. Piv txwv li, los ntawm 1994 mus rau 2000, raws li cov Ural Certification Center, nws tau kuaj nyob rau hauv 1475 radiographers. 38% ntawm lawv tau ua kev ua hauj lwm los ntawm ultrasonic txoj kev. Yus yog qhov tseeb hais tias ib tug overwhelming tooj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov kev tswj ntawm vuam nqaws.

Hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov lag luam unit

ultrasonic qhov khuam ntes ua hauj lwm yog raws li nyob rau hauv pulsed tawg. Reflected suab tsis yog kaw thiab cia mus nrhiav tsis xws luag. Luv xov tooj cua tsis hloov los ntawm B1-I3 piezoceramic daim hlau. Lawv los ntawm lub txheej ntawm couplant khoom yog faib nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug nqaj nrog lub transverse kev taw qhia.

Lub reflected ultrasound deeg ua rau lub B1, B3 piezoceramic phaj. EMF kom tshwm sim, uas yuav muaj zog cov kev hloov thiab nkag mus rau tus tes hloov qhov khuam.

Main tswj txoj kev

Muaj ntau txoj kev tswj. Feem ntau, muaj high efficiency, muaj xws li:

• ncha txoj kev;
• txoj kev rau ntawm daim iav-duab ntxoov ntxoo raws li;
• kev txais tos.

Yuav ua li cas nws yog nyob rau hauv qhov khuam?

Yuav ua li cas yog Ultrasonic qhov khuam? Lub tswvyim yog sawv cev:

• ib tug mem tes generator ;
• taw tsis xws luag;
• broadband amplifying ntaus ntawv;
• ib tug ntaus ntawv rau lub sij hawm kawm tuab si lug ntawm lub amplitude;
• voltage regulator;
• converting ntaus ntawv.

tsav chav tsev

Schematic kos duab ntawm pab kiag li lawm xws li ultrasonic qhov khuam detectors muaj txaus complexity.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov lag luam ntawm tus ntaus ntawv yuav muab tau yooj yim to taub tias nyeem kom zoo zoo nrog nws cov qauv. Yuav ua li cas mus ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug ntaus ntawv xws li ib tug ultrasonic qhov khuam ntes, cov kev qhia ntawv yuav qhia rau koj.

Lub ntsiab blocks ntawm cov niaj hnub qauv pab kiag li lawm hauj lwm rau cov nram qab no txoj ntsiab cai:

• Ib tug generator generates sounding pulses, generates hluav taws xob deeg uas muaj siab lub ultrasonic tsis nyob rau hauv hloov dua siab tshiab ntaus ntawv.
• Reflected ultrasound Pib ntsais koj teeb ntawm lub defect tau txais los ntawm lub tib yam (los yog ib tug ua ke Circuit Court daim duab lwm cais) transmitter. Cov Pib ntsais koj teeb hloov mus rau hluav taws xob pulses muab rau lub tswv yim ntawm cov amplifier.
• Kho lub nce nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm yog tswj hwm los ntawm ib lub sij hawm kev cai ntawm lub rhiab heev ntawm lub system (TCG).
• Nce mus rau lub yam nqi lub teeb liab yog cov tswv yim rau cov hluav taws xob beam thiab tsis siv neeg tswb qhia defect (ASD).
• Lub synchronizing ntaus kuas qhov tseeb hauj lwm ntawm tag nrho cov sij hawm ua ntu zus ntawm nodal chaw ntaus ntawv ib txhij nrog pib tus mem tes generator (los yog nrog ib co predetermined ncua). Nws txhawb tau pib timebase electron-beam qhia.
• Luam theej duab enables paub qhov txawv cov sij hawm tuaj txog lub sij hawm Pib ntsais koj teeb thiaj khoom uas yog nyob rau ntawm txawv deb ntawm lub transmitter. Synchronizer kuj lub luag hauj lwm rau kev tswj TCG blocks thiab SDA.
• Devices cov khoom ua si ntaus ntawv ntsuas lub amplitude thiab sij hawm tuaj txog lub sij hawm ntawm lub thaws rov los mem tes. Lub tswvyim ntawm lawv cov menyuamuas yog ua nyob rau hauv txawv variations. Xab ntaus dab tus ntsais teeb tau txais los ntawm lub amplifier nrog lub hais tawm lub sij hawm ntawm lub synchronizing ntaus ntawv, thiab outputs cov indicators rau electron-beam qhia los yog ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib.

ntaus ntawv Configuration

Teem lub ultrasonic qhov khuam ntes pib nrog lub installation ntawm ruaj tiam nyob rau hauv lub voltage hloov dua siab tshiab ntaus ntawv. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nqa tawm ib tug xaiv ntawm lub resistor R39. Ces tus tau xav repetition zaus (120-150 CPM / s), ib tug xaiv yog nqa resistor R2.

amplitude index ntawm 70-80 pulses / sec yog attained xaiv dynistor V1. Ces phim capacitors C22 thiab C26, uas hloov qhov chaw kawm ib txwv nrog teb xyaw resistors R30 thiab R35 thiab ib tug monostable multivibrator ncua ntev pulses (10-25 microseconds) thiab tej tshuaj aav (7-45 microseconds).

Xyuas pab kiag li lawm

Verification ntawm lub ultrasonic qhov khuam ntes tau nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev:

• Tus thawj cov lus dag nyob rau hauv lub xam ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb Circuit Court daim duab simulating ntaus ntawv emitting lub xeem lub teeb liab. Lub downside ntawm no ntaus ntawv yog tus cuam nrog lub ntaus ntawv circuitry thiab lub cev tsis mus xyuas lub acoustics block.
• Paub thiab method ua los ntawm simulation ncha Pib ntsais koj teeb, lawv tawg nyob rau hauv lub configuration qauv. Ces, tom qab txais tos yog soj ntsuam xwb qhov khuam electroacoustic ib ntsuj av. Muaj nyob rau emitting thiab tau txais qhov chaw ntawm lub fais ntaus unit uas phim kev sojntsuam thiab hluav taws xob cables txuas cov kev sojntsuam rau lub tsev. Lub downside ntawm xws li ib tug kev kuaj ntawd yog txoj kev siv cov tsuas yog tus qauv rau kev khuam muaj tas mus li yoj ultrasonic tsis thiab ua Pib ntsais koj teeb raws li nyob rau hauv lub doppler nyhuv. Cov tshuaj no yog tsis tau rau cov kev tswj ntawm feem ntau niaj hnub qauv ntawm pab kiag li lawm faib thoob ntiaj teb.
• Verification yog nqa tawm ultrasonic qhov khuam ntes, thiab lwm yam txhais tau tias. Nws yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub fact tias acoustic chav tsev yog mounted rau ib tug qauv uas tso npe thov ib qhov kua hu rau tus qauv nto. Qhov no yog qhia acoustic coupling ntawm tus qauv thaiv thiab acoustics. Lub acoustic tsev emits ultrasonic tsis nyob hauv tus qauv. Reflected ntawm lub puab Reflector ncha Pib ntsais koj teeb tau txais thiab amplified nyob rau hauv tus qauv. Nws yog ib tug ib ntus xaiv, uas yog noj rau qhov taw qhia ntaus ntawv. Nyob rau qhov zoo ntawm cov chav tsev yog txiav txim los ntawm lub theem ntawm lub tswb ntsuas. Yuav kom siv cov qauv no siv ib tug hlau ntaus ntawv los yog ib tug organic iav nrog reflectors pov tseg hauv. Zoo li pab kiag li lawm siv los ntawm tag nrho cov qhov khuam ua manufacturers thoob ntiaj teb.

Nrov qauv khuam

Los ntawm cov dav daim ntawv teev cov pab kiag li lawm, yog muaj siab zoo, tej zaum nws yuav tsum tau muab sau, ultrasonic qhov khuam ntes manufacturers xws li OmniScan, ntu, Sonic, Phasor. Thiab ntawm domestic pab kiag li lawm, yuav tsum xyuam xim rau lub hom CA-2, CA-3, "Cov Kabmob", A1212 series pab kiag li lawm. Lawv yog cov txhim khu kev qha.

Domestic Series UD pab kiag li lawm yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi rau tus universal, raws li lawv xwb tsis muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov kev ntsuas thiab kev muaj peev xwm, tab sis kuj muaj peev xwm yuav ua nyob rau hauv ntau yam hom nyob rau tej yam kev mob thiab tej hom phiaj. Ib tug dav zaub ntawm lub teeb thiab suab qhia yooj yim mus ua hauj lwm nrog cov ntaus ntawv.

Txawv teb chaws manufacturers ntawm ultrasonic kuaj seev tsim differing saj zawg zog chaw. Lawv muaj ib tug me ntsis rugged, loj me me. Qhov no yog tsis yog ib tug khuam, ib tug universal ntaus ntawv rau qhov dog dig neeg ua hauj lwm.

Piv txwv li, lub hauv paus OmniScan pab kiag li lawm muaj ib tug nplua nuj txheej ntawm kev khiav dej num uas roos ib tug phased array. Qhov no ua rau nws tau los nthuav cov kev ntsuas tuition thiab tau ib tug muaj tseeb tshwm sim.

Dav txhia ya yuav tsum tsis txhob ua nyob rau hauv lub buyer tsis meej pem. Tom qab ultrasonic qhov khuam specifications txawv thiab txhua tus ntaus ntawv nws muaj nws tus kheej zoo thiab zoo thaum uas siv nyob rau hauv tej yam tshwm sim.

Universal ultrasonic qhov khuam ntes, ib tug ntaus nrog me me qhov ntev, tus ntaus ntawv khiav hauj lwm rau sab frequencies, tus ntaus ntawv yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug tiv thaiv casing - thiaj li nplua nuj ntau enables mus nrhiav tau cov uas tsim nyog ntaus ntawv uas muaj peev xwm tswj tau lub ntsiab ntawm qhov sib txawv cov ntaub ntawv.

Yuav ua li cas mus nrhiav thaum yuav?

Thaum yuav ib lub tsheb, xyuam xim rau cov nram qab no ntsuas:

• Cov tsiv ntawm lub ntaus ntawv. Lub pom taw qhia yuav teeb ceeb thawj ntawm lub ntaus ntawv. Yog hais tias tus ntaus ntawv yog compact, ces nws yog doubly zoo.
• Tejzaum ntawm kev siv. Cov tsawg tshaj nqis, qhov yooj yim dua nws yog mus ua hauj lwm nrog cov ntaus ntawv.
• Intelligible interface. Qhov no yog qho tseem ceeb heev, raws li muaj feem ntau tsis muaj tshwj xeeb kev cob qhia novice nyob rau hauv nws cia li tsis to taub. Lub interface yeej yuav tsum muaj tseeb kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem thaum koj tig mus rau ntawm ib tug los yog lwm cov kev xaiv.
• Lub xub ntiag ntawm lub warranty card thiab cov kev pab. Ua tib zoo nrog cov khoom lwm tus neeg thiab cov neeg muag khoom.
• Tus ntaus ntawv yuav tsum tau suited rau cov piezoelectric transducer ua txawv teb chaws. Cov tib yam tseem ceeb heev thaum yuav domestic pab kiag li lawm.
• Qhov kuaj pom ntawm ib tug ntshiab, zoo-teev tseg khiav hauj lwm cov lus qhia.