Tua tsiaj cartridge. Tua cartridges ntawm caliber 12

Tua tsiaj cartridge yog txawv los ntawm sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv uas siv ceev xwmphem ib lub mos txwv tej yam thiab ua kom tuag. Txawm tias phom paub txij thaum lub kaum plaub xyoo pua, ib tug ntev heev lub sij hawm cov tub rog muaj riam phom yog suab tsis txawv los ntawm kev yos hav zoov. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm caj npab sib txawv ua ntau pronounced: nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho, txhav tas systems, trunks, puas lub hwj chim thiab ntau yam ntawm xwb lub hom phiaj.

cartridge

Thaum qhov kaj ntug ntawm ib rab phom cartridge zoo li ib tug "designer", uas yuav tsum sai nyob rau hauv kev cai nruj heev thiaj li yuav "sau" nyob rau lub battlefield, thiab muaj lub sij hawm mus tua tawm ntawm nws ua ntej koj tus nrog sib ntaus. Nyias, cov hmoov twb poured mus rau hauv lub thoob, ces raug thawb rov qab lub mos txwv, ces nroj cig cuag lub wick, thiab thaum kawg txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv tsis nyuaj.

Sam cartridge yog txhais raws li cov mos txwv rau cov me caj npab, yog them nyob rau hauv ib kauj ruam. Lub sij hawm "unitary" txhais tau hais tias munition los ntawm lub lub tes tsho yog ib tug zoo projectile (mos txwv canister, feem), ib qhov nqi ntawm cov hmoov thiab tshuaj ntsiav (igniter caij). Lub constructs tej zaum yuav ntxiv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub thawv (hub), nyob rau lub feem yog packed los yog canister.

12 caliber cartridge

Dua li ntawm qhov tawm muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm kev yos hav zoov cov riam phom, feem ntau cov mos txwv rau lawv, yog yos hav zoov cartridges ntawm 12 calibres. Qhov no xam txhais tau tias hauv daim lead uas ib phaus kaum ob bullets yuav manufactured.

Chaw yog yooj yim piav qhia, lawv yog ntau yam thiab haum rau kev yos hav zoov:

• Waterfowl - us, os,
• hav zoov ua si - dub grouse, capercaillie, ptarmigan, grouse;
• tsiaj me me - hma liab, luav;
• nruab nrab - qus npua teb, hma, mos lwj.

Qhov no gauge yog siv lug thiab rau kev ua si nawv.

hom cartridges

Lub cartridges ntawm caliber 12 mus yos hav zoov faib ua ob peb hom nyob rau nram qab no cov yam ntxwv:

1. Cov khoom uas lub liner:

• hlau;
• ntawv;
• yas.

2. Raws li lub hom hmoov:

• nchauv;
• smokeless.

3. Charge hom:

• buckshot;
• feem;
• mos txwv.

Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj yog ib tug txawv thiab raws li ib feem, nws yuav ua los ntawm steel los yog lead. Tua tsiaj cartridge yog txheem los yog kho kom zoo hmoov xwb. Rau txhua hom ntawm kev yos hav zoov yog xaiv ib tug tej hom ntawm cov khoom.

Ib qho tseem ceeb qhia rau cov munition yuav lub tes tsho ntev. Ntawm no, ib yam nkaus thiab, nws muaj nws tus kheej nuances rau txhua them nyiaj:

• 12 gauge shotshell, tes tsho ntev: 65 hli, 70 hli, 76 hli, 89 hli. Siv nyob rau hauv tag nrho phiaj rau kev yos hav zoov Waterfowl, hav zoov ua si, medium thiab me me kev ua si.
• Grapeshot caliber cartridges 12, tes tsho ntev: 65 hli, 70 hli, 76 hli. Siv nyob rau hauv tag nrho phiaj rau kev yos hav zoov medium-qhov loj qhov me tsiaj.
• 12 caliber bullets mos txwv, tes tsho ntev: 65 hli, 70 hli, 76 hli. Siv nyob rau hauv tag nrho phiaj rau kev yos hav zoov tsiaj loj.

Buckshot feem thiab zoo heev uas zoo sib xws rau txhua tus lwm yam thiab yog ua los ntawm zoo xws li cov ntaub ntawv. Lub ntsiab sib txawv nyob rau hauv loj. Feem hu ua me me npas nrog ib lub cheeb ntawm 1.5 hli mus txog 5 hli, txhua yam loj, hu ua canister. High quality pellets yog mus raws li nyob rau hauv tus duab - tsis tu ncua kheej, tsis muaj voids hauv. Classification feem dlhos nws 16 qhov ntev (nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab). Tus me tshaj - 1.25 hli nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla, muaj ib chav tsev 12, lub biggest - 5.00 hli, nws tus naj npawb 0000. Txhua tom ntej tooj yuav ib tug kev hloov nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla loj fractions rau 0.25 hli.

Cartridges rau yos hav zoov cov riam phom nrog buckshot siv nyob rau hauv loj thiab medium-loj kev ua si. Shotgun canister sawv cev ib tug loj feem nrog diameters los ntawm 5,25 hli rau 10.00 hli.

Qhov kev xaiv ntawm cartridges

Nyob rau hauv lub xaiv ua si mus yos hav zoov plhaub hom:

• Tua tsiaj shotgun cartridges. Yuav kom siv tus nqi feem nrog ib lub cheeb ntawm 1.5 hli mus txog 5 hli. Rau kev yos hav zoov Waterfowl, hav zoov ua si.
• Grapeshot cia nyias qhov. Rau siv xwb canister (loj feem) muaj ib lub cheeb ntau tshaj li 5 hli. Prey rau medium-qhov loj qhov me tsiaj nyaum.
• Mos txwv cartridges. Cia nyias siv rau ntau ntau yam: xub tw stabilizer, round, turbine (vim nws siv sibtshuam cua kwj yog siv), cov ntsiab lus-turbine. Loj kev ua si. Qhov no yog tsis yog ib tug ua tiav daim ntawv teev cov mos txwv nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom meej suav. Muaj yog ib qho thoob ntiaj teb system uas cia nyias npe rau ntaus pob ncaws pob thiab mus yos hav zoov cov riam phom. Ib tug tshwj xeeb simplified tsiaj ntawv. Deciphering lub npe lub hom ntawm cov mos txwv thiab nws tsim nta. Piv txwv li, cov tsiaj ntawv nyob rau hauv lub «FMJ» mos txwv ntawd hais tias cov projectile muaj ib tug tag nrho-hlau plhaub. Qhov no hom yog siv nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si thiab yos hav zoov.

Labeling yuav pab tau xaiv txoj cai mos txwv rau kev yos hav zoov cov riam phom. Ib tug nyuag inscription qhia qhov yooj yim tsis: lub hom phiaj (mus yos hav zoov), koob qhia hais tias loj, hom gunpowder, tua xov tooj, lub tes tsho ntev.

caliber

Muaj ob ntsiab txhais ntawm lub caliber:

• lub lub cheeb ntawm lub mos txwv;
• tus nqi ntawm cov channel txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov riam phom chim.

Calibers ntawm kev yos hav zoov cartridges txaus coincide nrog lub thoob ntawm rab phom channel. Thiab caliber smoothbore thiab rifled riam phom muaj me ntsis txawv cim.

Shotgun kom txawm integer: 4, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36. Cov feem nrov nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no pom tau hais tias gauges 12, 16, 20, 28, 32 thiab 36. Raws li, xa mus rau mos txwv thiab nws - yos hav zoov cov mos txwv 16 caliber. Qhov no gradation ua rau nws yooj yim mus khaws cov mos txwv riam phom.

Caliber phom loj yog txiav txim mus rau qhov ze puas ntawm ib millimeter. Nyob rau hauv lus Askiv-hais lus lub teb chaws ntseeg tias nyob hauv nti. Piv txwv li 7,62 hli los yog 5.6 hli. Ib yam li ntawd, tus tib caliber zoo li - kev yos hav zoov cartridges 7,62. Kab uas hla ntawm phom loj mos txwv yuav tsum tau sib haum mus rau txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub pob tw. Ces lub mos txwv yuav siv sij hawm muab lub zog.

Los ntawm loj zog mus tsis ncaj ncees lawm, tab sis, nrog cov kev xaiv ntawm lub mos txwv yuav tsum tau ceev faj. Cov kawm lus Askiv-cov lus labeling yuav tsum tau tej yam kev txawj ntse. Cov kev xaiv nyob rau hauv lub lo lus uas peb xwb, nws yuav tsum muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov neeg nyob hauv ntau ntau yam los yog nyiaj pab ntau tshaj siv ceev xwmphem lub hwj chim, uas yuav tsum tau ua ua si yos hav zoov - me me los loj. Npav qhia qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv.

Mos txwv rau kev ua si nawv

Yos hav zoov, kev ua si thiab yos hav zoov cartridges txawv los ntawm kev sib ntaus los tsis muaj khoom steel tub ntxhais nyias qhov. Lub ntsiab hauj lwm ntawm xws riam phom - ntaus ib lub hom phiaj, uas tsis muaj ib tug tiv thaiv lub tsho khuam. Sib ntaus sib tua mos txwv los ntawm SEWS kev ua si loj uas yuav ricochet los ntawm pob zeb los yog ntoo, yog heev txaus ntshai thiab unpredictable siv nws rau kev yos hav zoov.

Nrhiav tej tsis, uas yuav ua tau ib tug ntshiab qho uas txawv ntawm kev sib ntaus los thiab kev yos hav zoov los yog ua si nawv-mus yos hav zoov cov mos txwv yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua. Ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm riam phom, txawv hom phiaj, tab sis zoo xws li cov nyob rau hauv nws tus yam ntxwv ua rau yus lub fact tias cov mus yos hav zoov phom yuav tsum muaj ntaub ntawv thiab nyob mos txwv.

Ntaus pob ncaws pob thiab mus yos hav zoov phom yog yuav luag zoo tib yam. Qhov txawv yog tias cov kev ua si ib tug heev tshwj xeeb: lawv muaj ntau luj, muaj ib tug nyiam kov thiab ib tug tshwj xeeb lub thawv, cartridges rau firing 12 caliber. Nyob rau hauv kev yos hav zoov phom cheeb tsam ntawm daim ntawv thov yog dog dig nrug.

Them cov cartridges

Lossis loj assortment ntawm cov mos txwv tso cai kom los siav yuav luag tag nrho cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg tua tsiaj thiab sportsmen. Qhov no kev xaiv muab ib tug mus yos hav zoov khw. Cartridges muaj raws li cov mos txwv, thiab ib tug canister los yog feem. Ib tug tseem ceeb drawback ntawm tej khoom uas nws txo qis hmoov loj thiab muaj zog hnyav feem.

Tom tsev, lub mos txwv xwb yog nyob rau ob lub ntsiab yog vim li cas:

• Firstly, nws yog ntau npaum li cas cheaper dua yuav npaj txhij-ua khoom;
• Secondly, phau ntawv ntau lawm pab mus cuag ho zoo phom sib ntaus sib tua.

Muaj ntau neeg tua tsiaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog ib tug ntau ntawm kev, xav ua lawv tus kheej mos txwv. Muag muaj tag nrho cov tsim nyog cov khoom xyaw rau ua ib tug mus yos hav zoov cartridge:

• Tsiav tshuaj. Muaj nyob rau hauv ob hom: rau sab hauv tsev thiab sab nraum zoov smokeless hmoov rau dub hmoov. Txee lub neej - 3 mus rau 6 xyoo, tab sis yog hais tias tus cia ntim tau tau sib khi, lub tsiav tshuaj khaws lawv zoo li 10 xyoo.
• Gunpowder. Rau noj dos siv, cov kam - tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 0.05 grams. Nyob rau hauv lub cartridge thiab rab phom hom yog xaiv daim ntawv hmoov. Yuam kev ua los ntawm ntau beginners yog hais tias lawv ntseeg tau hais tias qhov ntau hmoov mus ncuav rau hauv lub cartridge, qhov ntau zoo yuav muab shooting. Lub txim txhaum uas ntawm lub "busting" ntawm hmoov - chim kis, muaj zog recoil, txo cov neeg. Nyob rau ntawm ntug dej ntawm gunpowder rau lub 12 gauge qhia lub siab tshaj plaws linkage.
• Wads. Raws li cov kev cai, lub qhov siab wad tsis tau ntau tshaj li ob-feem-peb ntawm txoj kab uas hla. Ntaub ntawv los ntawm uas ua rau wad tej zaum yuav sib txawv: muaj, yas, ntawv, cov duab los qhia, tawv, hemp. Nws yog ib tug cylindrical raj, lub hom phiaj ntawm cov uas - mus cais cov hmoov los ntawm cov mos txwv los yog shrapnel fractions.
• Txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv, cia nyias, buckshot. Tej ntawm cov nqi yuav muab tso nyob rau hauv kev yos hav zoov cov mos txwv. 12 yuav siv cov tsim nyog caliber bullets, thiab ob wads - lub ntsiab thiab extension. Lawv muab tso rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev raws li rau tawm ib yam ntawm 5 mm rau dov. Nyob rau hauv kev yos hav zoov cartridges ntawm caliber 12 yog siv canister txoj kab uas hla ntawm 8 millimeters. Cartridge iav yog raws li nram no: nyob rau hauv ib tug duab los qhia wad los yog liner yog poured mus rau lub brim sawdust, ces pawg canister (plaub daim) thiab nruj nreem rammed. Tom ntej no, rov qab tus txheej txheem, kom txog thaum lub thib peb lub sij hawm siv tsuas yog peb kartechiny, cover gasket thiab tig chuck. Yuav kom nce lub tseeb ntawm hluav taws, nteg cuaj kartechin. Chucks nrog feem 12 gauge manufactured xav tus luj ntawm rab phom. Xab me me feem ua los ntawm ib tug hmoov dispenser, ib tug loj - loj fits tag nrho los yog cia li nyiaj. Tom qab sau tus nqi yuav tsum tau sab laug mus rau hauv lub ntug ntawm tsis tsawg tshaj li 4 mm nyob rau hauv qhov siab, yog li ntawd koj yuav tau ceev nws. Nias lub cim kom tsawg kawg yog 11 millimeters, thiab cov gasket yog tsis yuav tsum tau.
• Gaskets. Lawv yog ua los ntawm ib tug tuab tsis txhav cardboard. Lub zoo thickness ntawm 2.4 millimeters. Muas los tso rau hauv ob daim.
• Lub tes tsho. Ua tib zoo xaiv lub tes tsho ntev ib yam nkaus thiab luv luv - yuav paug cov sib ntaus yog ib yam nkaus thiab ntev - yuav ua rau ib tug tseem ceeb nce nyob rau hauv siab. Siv cartridges thiaj yuav reused, tsuas yog daim ntawv. Yas mas mus txog kaum txhaj tshuaj, hlau - lub feem ntau check. Lawv yuav tsum periodic tu ntawm lub oxide thiab muaj hmoov quav. Pluav, tej kab nrib pleb, xeb thiab burnout - cov no yog cov cim ntawm cov tsis zoo cartridges.

Them mus yos hav zoov cartridges - ua hauj lwm tsis yooj yim thiab dog dig tsis khab seeb. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov gunpowder yuav tsum tau ceev faj thiab ceev faj nrog tuav lawv. Qhib hluav taws kub yog tsis tau tso cai.

Ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau:

• dispenser rau cov hmoov;
• dos thiab ib co ntawm cov tes taw hnyav li;
• Tshwj xeeb ntsuas tau payment rau cov hmoov thiab txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv;
• Sawv neeg;
• WHU - universal ntaus Sidorenko, rau haum kaus mom;
• navoynik, siv los dosylka wad.

Npaj-caliber cartridge thiab cia nyob rau hauv ib tug qhuav qhov chaw.

Peb improvised munitions tsis muaj guaranteed txee lub neej. Tag nrho cov nyob ntawm lub starting khoom. Thaum lub rooj sib txoos yuav siv tau cov laus gunpowder thiab ib tug tshiab capsule, xws nuances yuav tsum tau muab los xav. Yog hais tias lub ncua tsawg kawg yog ib feem ntawm lub cartridge, nws yuav siv tsis tau, nws cia li txaus ntshai.

smoothbore mos txwv

Leej twg tua tsiaj cartridge yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi rau ib qho ntawm peb loj pawg:

• Rau tag nrho phiaj, tus chim nyob rau hauv lub channel. Cartridges rau tej riam phom yuav ua tau mos txwv, grapeshot, thiab txhaj tshuaj.
• Rau phom, lub cev muaj ib tug helical thread. Los ntawm nws koj muaj peev xwm tua cov mos txwv thiab shotshell.
• Rau cov "paradoxes", xws li riam phom du chim nyob rau hauv lub muzzle ntawm ib tug txiav. Qhov no tsim pub siv tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov mos txwv: lub mos txwv, txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv los yog grapeshot.

Tua tsiaj mos txwv smoothbore muaj ib tug cylindrical lub tes tsho muaj ignition fuse, ib tug projectile (qhov no tej zaum yuav ib tug canister, txhaj tshuaj, mos txwv), lub propellant xwb, wad, gasket.

Nqi uncoated ua los ntawm cov hlau lead. Miv nyuas siv zug txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv tua thiab canister tsis pub dhau 60 meters. Tej yam hom mos txwv rau phom suab yuav nyob ruaj hauv davhlau.

Nyob rau hauv lub cartridge hom, nws yuav siv tau rau ntaus pob ncaws pob txheej xwm los yog ib tug tej yam zoo ntawm pib xyaum ua los yog kev mus yos hav zoov.

Mos txwv rau phom suab conventionally muab faib mus rau hauv:

• me me-caliber - 28 th, 32 th, 36 th;
• srednekalibernye - 16 th, 20 th, 24 th;
• loj-caliber - 4 th, 8 th, 10 th, 12 th.

Rau hnub tim, raws li ib tug riam phom thiab mos txwv ntawm caliber 4 thiab 8 yog tsis muab. 10 caliber yog tsawg tsawg thiab tau kis xwb nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States. Qhov seem gauges muaj cov zaubmov ntawm muaj koob meej thiab thov cov neeg tua tsiaj thiab sportsmen.

threaded cartridges

Rifled mus yos hav zoov cartridges siv rau kev yos hav zoov ua si nrog ib tug carbine los yog phom loj. Cov mos txwv yog muab nrog ib tug mos mos lead tub ntxhais thiab ib tug nyuaj plhaub. Raws li cov cai, nyob rau hauv lub mus yos hav zoov cartridges yog txwv tsis pub siv tej cuab yeej thiab steel cores, discontinuous thiab taug qab cia nyias qhov.

Niaj hnub nimno kev lag luam yog muaj peev xwm mus raws li yuav luag txhua tus yuav tsum tau ntawm cov neeg tua tsiaj rau shooting kev ua si ntawm tag nrho cov ntau thiab tsawg pab nyob txawv mus. Koj yuav xaiv tus txiav mus yos hav zoov cartridges uas ua tob tob hwj chim thiab ballistic yam ntxwv.

Nyob rau hauv khw muag khoom noj uas muag yos hav zoov cov khoom, competent neeg ua hauj lwm yuav yeej ib txwm yuav tsum tau qhia rau tus neeg qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov mos txwv riam phom muaj. Yuav tsum tsis txhob tso tseg kev pab los ntawm ib tug kws, ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov mos txwv yog li ntawd loj hais tias tus deal yog tsis yog li ntawd yooj yim nyob rau hauv nws. Cov xaiv txoj kev ntawm cartridges lav kawm tau zoo rau cov plob hav zoov. Wrongly xaiv caliber mus yos hav zoov cartridges yuav ua tsis tau tsuas yog ua kev puas rau cov riam phom, tab sis kuj raug mob lub shooter nws tus kheej.

Lub koob meej ntawm tej yam hom ntawm 12-caliber mos txwv

Rating cartridges muaj neeg xyuas - zoov. Lawv yog cov tseem ceeb critics ntawm cov khoom no. Feem ntau hom ntawm 12-caliber mos txwv:

• "Glavpatron" - ua nyob rau hauv Tula. Mos txwv txhim khu kev qha, ruaj khov, zoo zoo, tsim nyog tus nqi.
• "Rus" - ua nyob rau hauv Tolyatti, ib tug Lavxias teb sab Cheebtsam pheej yig. Hos lub tes tsho ntawm 70 mm thiab ib tug qauv ntawm cov zauv feem 32-34 grams.
• "Taiga" - ua nyob rau hauv Tula. Nruab nrog cia nyias qhov thiab txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv.
• CJSC "Tehkrim" - ntau lawm nyob rau hauv Izhevsk. Heev thoob plaws xaiv uas zoo cartridges.
• "Magnum", mas siv rau firing ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 50 m. Rau cartridges siv feem ntawm medium thiab loj loj caliber nrog lifting 40-44 grams. Tej yam uas qhov tsawg kawg nkaus txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv, ntaus ib tug high degree.
• "SCM Kev lag luam" tsim ib co ntawm cov feem ntau nrov mus yos hav zoov cartridges ntawm 12 calibres. Applied ntaub ntawv txawv teb chaws manufacturers. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv ntawm chav tsev:

- № 5, №6, №7 rau 40 meters - nyob rau hauv grouse, Woodcock, os;

- № 2, №3, №4 45 meters - ib tug os, luav;

- cov 000-1 txog li 50 meters - ib tug hma liab, luav, mab, gus.

• "Tahoe" ua ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov mos txwv. Feem № 9-4, cia nyias, canister, rau tag nrho phiaj chambered 70 mm. Ncaws pob siv cartridges feem № 5, 7, 9.
• "Vetter" ib qho ntawm feem nrov hom. Lawv yog cov siab zoo thiab tus nqi pheej yig. Rau cov sib txawv ntawm cov yos hav zoov tej kev ua si. Cartridges muaj kev tshwj xeeb cim, xws li "Capercaillie", "os" thiab lwm tus neeg.
• "Clover" ua los ntawm zoo cov ntaub ntawv, lub hnab muaj ib tug yooj yim thiab meej npav. Lub peculiarity ntawm no hom yog hais tias lub cartridges rau tag nrho cov hom ntawm cartridges no yog ua los ntawm cov yas, ntev - 65-89 hli. Feem mas ua, ib tug neeg kuaj - ntawm hlau. Haum tsoos riam phom chambered nyob rau hauv 70 mm.

Muaj peev xwm to taub txog cov hom riam phom thiab mos txwv mus rau lawv thiab muaj ib cov tswv yim sab - yuav pab tau kom ua tus xaiv txoj thiab tau tiag tiag Library los ntawm kev yos hav zoov.