Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich: luv luv biography

Tej zaum zaj dab neeg yog ua tsis ncaj ncees rau cov neeg uas tau ncaim ib tug tseem ceeb cim nyob rau hauv nws, thiab muab lawv credit rau lwm leej lwm tus. Tab sis ntau lub sij hawm txo nws hwj txhua yam nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw thiab tso cai rau ib tug tshiab saib yav dhau los txheej xwm. Ib tug ntawm cov neeg, uas nws feat twb undervalued los ntawm contemporaries, yog tus hero ntawm lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Chesma - tas nrho cov Admiral Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich, interesting tseeb ntawm lub neej uas yog muaj rau cov txawj nyeem no tsab xov xwm.

midshipman Spiridov

Cov koj Lavxias teb sab naval commander Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich yug nyob rau lub ib hlis ntuj 31, 1713 nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg ntawm cov commandant ntawm Vyborg - nroog reconquered los ntawm cov Swedes los ntawm Peter kuv thaum lub sij hawm lub Northern ua tsov ua rog. Tom qab tau txais kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv tsev, befitting cov hluas nobleman, nws tuaj rau lub Navy. Twb nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm kaum tsib, ntse noj xeem ntawm navigational sciences, nws tau txais nws thawj title - ib tug midshipman.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm St. Petersburg mus rau lub Caspian pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tub ntxhais sailors tau qhia, ntawm lawv rau lub tso cai ntawm lub active duty thiab tau txais kev pab Spiridov. Gregory, tuaj nyob rau hauv lub txib ntawm ib tug tej tub rog hiav txwv commander thiab hydrograph Alekseya Nagaeva, heev ntse mastered rau lub txhab ntawm naval science. Ib tug ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd nws twb entrusted nrog qhov hais kom ua ntawm ob gekbotami - peb-masted sailing ships rau cov tsheb thauj mus los ntawm cov khoom thiab tsaws. Nyob rau hauv cov xyoo, Voyages Spiridova kev khiav los ntawm Astrakhan rau Persia.

Service ntawm tus Baltic Hiav txwv

Nyob rau hauv 1732, ib tug hluas thiab pheej caij nkoj pauv mus rau Kronstadt, qhov twg tau txais cov nyob qib midshipman thaum ntxov, nws tseem mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub nkoj ntawm lub Baltic Fleet thiab tsa adjutant rau Vice-Admiral Peter Bredahl rau xyoo. Nws yog tom ntej no mus rau lub zoo heev naval commander mus tiag tiag kev sib ntaus los cob qhia Spiridov. Gregory A., uas nws biography yog inextricably txuas nrog lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab fleet nyob rau hauv cov xyoo, twb nrog los ntawm cov vice-Admiral nyob rau hauv lub Azov ntoj ke mus kawm tiv thaiv cov Turkish fleet thiab raws li ib feem ntawm lub Don Flotilla koom nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov battles.

Tom qab ntawd, nws khiav ntaub ntawv yog Iwj peb xyoos siv nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb ntawm Russia, Arkhangelsk, qhov twg tus tshiab khiv-ua warship Spiridov ua ib txoj kev hloov mus rau lub docks raws li ib tug memorial rau nws nyob rau hauv Kronstadt. Ntawm no, tom ntej no kaum xyoo, nws tau txib kom tsis tsuas cov liner trade khiav, tab sis tseem - uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau ib tug yav tom ntej hauj lwm - lub tsev hais plaub yachts. Qhov no yuav qhia nws lub sij hawm mus nce lub koob meej nrog qhov hais kom ua ntawm lub Baltic Fleet, thiab feem ntau cov tseem ceeb - nyob rau hauv lub siab tshaj plaws voj voog ntawm cov nom tswv cajceg.

Cov tshwm sim yog tsis ntev nyob rau hauv tuaj, thiab nyob rau hauv 1754 nws niaj hnub dai kom zoo nkauj nrog insignia ntawm tus tauj ncov loj thib peb rank. Nyob rau hauv no plaws Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich ua ib tug mej zeej ntawm lub xeev commission, uas tsim ib tug tshiab Charter ntawm cov rog twb entrusted. Thaum kawg ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm, nws tau raug tsa Chief of Naval Gentry Cadet Corps, qhov twg cov nyob qib ntawm lub tuam txhab commander Spiridov npaj rau nws yav tom ntej Lavxias teb sab Admirals.

Kev Koom Tes nyob rau hauv lub Xya Xyoo 'ua tsov ua rog

Xyoo Xya Xyoo 'ua tsov ua rog, ib tug neeg sab nrauv uas, nrog rau ntau yam ntawm cov loj powers ntawm lub ntiaj teb no thiab los ua Russia, Gregory A. siv nyob rau hauv lub Baltic Fleet ua kev sib ntaus los missions, thaum lub sij hawm uas qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm los ntawm cov ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Sweden, Danzig, Copenhagen thiab Stralzunda. Thaum twg, nyob rau hauv 1761, General Pyotr Rumyantsev, besieging lub fortress ntawm Kolberg (tam sim no Polish chaw uas zoo heev), nws coj reinforcements, nws yog Spiridov rau lawv ships coj nws ob txhiab pab tub rog.

Nws nce lub zwm txwv nyob rau hauv 1762, tus tub hluas Empress Catherine II menyuam lub merits ntawm cov "ncaj ncees thiab siab tawv tub ceev xwm" (hais txog nws, General Rumyantsev), thiab Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich tau nce mus rear tus thawj coj rau tub rog ntawm hiav txwv nyob rau hauv nws lub sij hawm raws li commander ntawm ib tug squadron ntawm Revel. Nws yog ib tug luag hauj lwm heev txoj hauj lwm. Cov hauj lwm ntawm tus tshiab khiv ua tus thawj coj rau tub rog ntawm hiav txwv yog los xyuas kom meej qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub Baltic hiav txwv kev sib txuas lus. Thaum xaus ntawm lub Xya Xyoo 'ua tsov ua rog, rau tej lub sij hawm nws tau txais kev pab raws li Chief ntawm lub Kronstadt thiab Revel ports, thiab ces ua ib tug Commander ntawm lub Baltic Fleet, qhov uas nws ib zaug pib nws cov hauj lwm raws li ib tug midshipman.

Nyob rau hauv lub Wisconsin quest rau yeeb koob

Tab sis feem ntau kom meej meej manifested nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv battles Spiridov Lavxias teb sab-Turkish tsov ua rog, uas pib nyob rau hauv 1768 thiab lasted rau xyoo. By lub sij hawm no nws tau nce mus tus thawj coj rau tub rog ntawm hiav txwv, Kev txiav txim ntawm St. Alexander Nevsky thiab raug tsa commander ntawm lub ntoj ke mus kawm ntawm cov rog, xa mus rau lub Greek archipelago. Los ntawm moorings Kronstadt squadron ncaim nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj 1769, thiab tom qab rau lub hlis mus txog lub ceg av qab teb lub hiav txwv nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb ib feem ntawm lub Balkans, nyob qhov twg, nyob rau hauv raws li lub hom phiaj ntawm phiaj los nqis tes, koom nrog cov ships ntawm lub thib ob ntoj ke mus kawm, coj los ntawm Admiral John Elphinstone.

Tom qab ib co sij hawm aboard lub flagship sawv nws tuaj txog ntawm Livorno-nyob rau hauv-chief, General suav Alexei Orlov, xa mus los ntawm Empress Catherine II rau qhov hais kom ua ntawm tag nrho cov tub rog hiav txwv rog ntawm Russia, nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv Mediterranean. Rau nws tuaj txog pib active tub rog ua hauj lwm, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm uas twb yuav los ntawm lub nroog Arcadia thiab Mistra, raws li zoo raws li cov tub rog hauv paus, nyob rau hauv Navarino thiab Itilone. Yuav kom counter lub Lavxias teb sab fleet Ottoman Empire tau yuam kom rub nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no ib tug txiav txim quab yuam.

Winning lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Chios

Tus thawj loj sib ntaus sib tua nrog rau cov Turkish fleet nyob rau hauv lub phiaj los nqis tes tshwm sim rau hli ntuj 24, 1770 thiab twb muaj npe Chios sib ntaus sib tua. Lub Eagles nws tag nrho powers muab Spiridova, uas, txawm ib tug tus kheej tsis nyiam, mas muaj nuj nqis raws li ib tug tej tub rog hiav txwv commander. Raws li ua timkhawv pom, Grigory thov nyob rau hauv no tshiab sib ntaus sib tua rau lub era tactics ntawm naval battles, xa cov vanguard ntawm lawv ships ntawm txoj cai kaum sab xis ntawm lub saw ntawm cov yeeb ncuab ships thiab pib nrog ib tug luv luv deb nres rau ntawm nws lub chaw. Xws li ib tug kev txiav txim siab entailed ib tug zoo luag hauj lwm, uas yog tsis ntshai mus coj Spiridov.

Gregory A. thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua yog nyob rau hauv lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib cov nkoj, "Eustace" thiab yog nyob rau lub verge ntawm txoj kev tuag thaum nws pob tawg lawm thaum lub sij hawm luag nqe ntaus rog nrog lub Turkish flagship "Real-Mustapha". Ob ships tau sunk, thiab tsuas yog ua tsaug rau coincidence Admiral dim thiab tau txais yam xyuam xim rau lub rooj tsavxwm cov frigate "Peb hierarchies". Nyob rau hauv no sib ntaus sib tua lub yeej yog nyob rau sab ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab fleet, raws li txwv mus rau ze li ob npaug nws tus nrog sib ntaus.

Finest teev Admiral

Tab sis tseem tuaj yog lub ntsiab sib ntaus sib tua, yeej los ntawm Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich. Chesma sib ntaus sib tua uas coj qhov chaw nyob rau hmo ntuj ntawm 24 Lub rau hli ntuj 25, 1770, yog tiag tiag nws finest teev. Lub commander ntawm Lavxias teb sab squadron ntawm Count Orlov, rau tag nrho nws cov undeniable merits ntawm ib tug statesman thiab cov tub rog coj, twb tsis muaj kev nyob rau hauv tus cwj pwm ntawm naval battles. Thiab txawm hais tias tom qab nws yog nws mus rau lub yeeb koob ntawm tus khiav nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Chesma, tiag tiag coj noj coj ua nyob rau hauv nws twb entrusted rau Spiridova.

Tsaug rau lub maneuvers ntawm lub Turkish fleet nws twb yuav luag tsav mus rau hauv Chesma bay thiab yog nyob rau hauv ib tug heev disadvantageous txoj hauj lwm rau lawv tus kheej. Raws li cov tus thawj coj rau tub rog ntawm hiav txwv lub hom phiaj, nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lub Turks tuaj nyob rau hauv artillery hluav taws thiab hluav taws kub-ships tau rov - me me tej nkoj nquam loaded nrog explosives thiab coj ntawm tus yeeb ncuab, nyob rau hauv ib tug kev sib tsoo uas lawv tawg. Lawv pab neeg no, ua ntej peresevshaya nyob rau hauv lub nkoj, tau xaiv los ntawm lwm cov tsev hais plaub.

Qhov no tactic tso cai rau Russians teem hluav taws kub mus thiab xa mus rau hauv qab ntawm ib tug loj ib feem ntawm lub Turkish fleet, tom qab uas lub Ottoman Empire rau ib ntev lub sij hawm poob nws lub hiav txwv hwj chim. Txheeb cais thiab impressive tsis piv tsim tawm nyob rau hauv no sib ntaus sib tua hostile ob tog. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias lub kaum ib sailors tuag cov Russians, thaum lub sij hawm pes tsawg tus tuag thiab raug mob Turks cas mus txog kaum ib txhiab neeg. Cias muab - 1 nyob rau hauv 1000.

muaj neeg nyiag lawm hwjchim ci ntsa iab

Qhov no yog tiag tiag ib tug cim tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm tsis tsuas yog marine tab sis kuj tsaws battles. Nyob rau hnub ntawd, ua ke nrog rau tag nrho Lavxias teb sab squadron kovyeej nws commander - Admiral Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich. Photo paintings los ntawm Aivazovsky, sau nyob rau hauv 1848 thiab depicts ib tug scene ntawm lub legendary sib ntaus sib tua, nyob rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm no tsab xov xwm.

Nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus glorious yeej, los yog, raws li lawv hais tias, "Victoria", Catherine II kom txhim tsa ib pawg ntseeg (nws yees duab yuav tau pom nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm) thiab ib tug commemorative kem. Sam Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich, uas nws txoj hauj lwm zoo twb undeniable, tau txais cov kev txiav txim ntawm St. Andrew. Tus tsov ntxhuav feem ntawm lub koob meej thiab hwjchim ci ntsa iab mus, raws li hais saum toj no, tus nyiam ntawm Catherine - Suav Orlov.

Service ntawm lub hiav txwv Aegean

Cov tom ntej no peb xyoo siv nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm Admiral ntawm lub Greek archipelago, tsim ib lub hauv paus ntawm Lavxias teb sab fleet rau cov kob ntawm Paros thiab los yeej muaj tswj ib tug tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm kev sib txuas lus nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv Aegean. Lawv yuav luag tag sim cov me nyuam ntawm riam phom thiab zaub mov los ntawm tim Nkij teb chaws rau Constantinople, raws li zoo raws li lub blockade ntawm lub Dardanelles siv. Nyob rau hauv 1772 Spiridov interacting nrog av rog, ua ib tug xov tooj ntawm kev vam meej tub rog ua hauj lwm tiv thaiv nqaum Turkish fortresses, xeeb nyob rau hauv nws campaigns nyob rau hauv Iyi tebchaws, thiab Syria.

tsis nco qab lawm heroes

Nyob rau hauv 1773, nws siab Admiral Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich, ib tug luv luv biography uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm qhov tsab xov xwm, xa mus rau St. Petersburg nyob rau hauv nws tsum. Nws tsuas yog caum, tab sis nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv qhia txog nws xa mus rau lub deterioration ntawm kev noj qab nyob. Qhov tiag yog vim li cas kam mus ntxiv cov kev pab cuam biographers ntseeg qhov ua txhaum rau lub yeej nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Chesma twb ntaus nqi tsis rau nws tab sis tus nyiam ntawm Catherine II - Suav Orlov, tus tswv tsev thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua xwb passive kev koom tes, tab sis tau muab ntaus rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm Russia raws li nws cov ntsiab cim.

Lub neej tshuav nyiaj li cas Admiral siv nyob rau hauv nws cov haiv neeg zos ntawm Highland Pereslavl koog tsev kawm ntawv, qhov chaw uas nws tuag nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis 19, 1790. Nws txoj kev tuag mus tsis paub Russia, tau ntev nkag mus rau hauv lub tshiab reign thiab siv lwm yam teeb meem. Qhov kawg taug kev mus ntawm lub sam xeeb naval commander pom tawm ib tug vaj neeg thiab lwm tus txiv neej - ib tug phooj ywg ntawm nws, tib yam li nws, lub tsis nco qab lawm hero ntawm lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Chesma - Admiral Stepan Petrovich Hmetevsky.