Scandinavia: ib qho keeb kwm thiab kev cai cuab yeej cuab tam

Lub sij hawm "Nordic lub teb chaws" rau denote ib cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb teb chaws Europe, combining Denmark, Norway, Sweden, raws li zoo raws li lawv kab autonomous territories, nyob rau hauv lub North Atlantic. Qhov no Greenland, Faroe Islands tuaj, Svalbard, Åland. Muaj ntau cov kws txawj hais lus cam uas nws yuav tsum tau siv raws li ib tug synonym rau tag nrho cov Nordic lub teb chaws (Nordic), xws li Finland thiab Iceland. Yog hais tias peb xav txog qhov nruj me ntsis, ib thaj nyuag, thaum lub Scandinavian ceg av qab teb tsuas yog Norway, Sweden, thiab sab qaum teb-sab ntawm Finland. Muaj yog tseem xws li ib tug txhais li Fennoscandia. Nws yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev thaj teb chaws, uas muaj xws li Denmark, Finland, lub Kola ceg av qab teb thiab Karelia.

Lub Nordic lub teb chaws muaj ib tug ntau thaum ntxov keeb kwm (xws li Russia, Ukraine thiab Belarus), lwm yam kev lis kev cai kev coj, thiab kev sib raug zoo systems. Danish, Norwegian thiab Swedish dialects tsim ib pab, thiab lawv yuav muab xam nrog intelligible rau txhua lwm yam. Yog hais tias peb tham txog cov Faroese thiab Icelandic (kob ntawm Scandinavian) hom lus, lawv txawv ho los ntawm lawv - tej zaum tsuas tsuas yog ib co borrowed thoob plaws keeb kwm txhua lwm yam lus. Greenland feem ntau yog mus rau lub Eskimo-Aleut pab pawg neeg.

Lub npe "Scandinavian lub teb chaws", raws li muaj ntau yam historians, yog tus tshiab. Nws twb muab tso rau hauv kev siv nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua raws li ib lub sij hawm rau peb kingdoms (Denmark, Sweden, Norway), uas muaj ib qho keeb kwm, kev cai thiab lus cuab yeej cuab tam. Tab sis nws twb txawj noj nyob rau hauv lub puas tawm xyoo nrog rau txoj kev ntawm lub zog hu ua lub yias-scandinavism, campaigning rau ib tug koom lub teb chaws lub tswv yim. Nws twb popularized nyob rau hauv tsis muaj me me ib feem ua tsaug rau tus naas ej song muaj li ntawm Hans Christian Andersen, uas yog hais txog mus rau lub holistic neeg. Cov naas ej txawj sau ntawv tom qab nws mus ntsib mus rau Sweden tau ib tug active supporter ntawm lub zog. Nws xa nws tus phooj ywg lyrics thiab sau hais tias nws pom tau hais yuav ua li cas zoo txuas "peb cov neeg."

Tej zaum etymologically lub npe "Nordic lub teb chaws" yog hais txog mus rau lub keeb kwm cheeb tsam ntawm Scania, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb ib feem ntawm Sweden. Ob nqe lus, «Skåne» thiab «Skandinavien», tuaj los ntawm cov Germanic paus «Skaðin-awjō». Nyob rau hauv feem coob ntawm cov Danes, Swedes thiab Norwegians - lub xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm ob peb Germanic pab pawg neeg uas nyob hauv Npanpiloo lub yav qab teb ib feem ntawm lub ceg av qab teb thiab sab qaum teb yog ib feem ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees. Lawv hais lus rau hauv lub German lus, uas nws thiaj li hloov nyob rau hauv Laus Norse (nyob rau hauv cov Nrab Hnub nyoog lub npe hu ua lub sab qaum teb yam lus).

Txawm li cas los, txawm hais tias lub Finnish lus twb tsis muaj ntau cov hauv paus hniav nrog lub ancient lus (nws belongs rau lub Finno-Ugric pab pawg neeg) yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account lub fact tias Suomi dabneeg thiab politically kev cob cog rua nrog tag nrho peb lub teb chaws. Iceland, uas yog muaj kev koom populated by Norwegians los ntawm lub xyoo pua eleventh, thiab nyob rau hauv 1814 los ua ib feem ntawm Denmark, thiab yuav xyuam xim yuav muaj nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm "Scandinavian lub teb chaws".

Nthuav lus tseeb ntawm zaj keeb kwm rau ntau tshaj 500 xyoo, muaj ib tug nyob ze kev sib raug zoo nyob rau hauv txawv teb chaws txoj cai, txij thaum lub tawm tsam Higelaka, kav gotov hais nyob rau hauv "Beofulfe", Gaul, thiab mus rau lub hai phiaj los nqis tes ntawm tus huab tais ntawm Norway Harald III heev nyob rau hauv ces nyob rau hauv 1066. Lwm commonality yog cov rejection txog Catholicism (nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm cov Lutheranism) nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm thaum nws yog ib tug tib ntseeg nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ntawm Western teb chaws Europe. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj xws li mob, thaum tag nrho cov cheeb tsam kingdoms tau koom nyob rau hauv ib tug nkaus xwb kev tswj - piv txwv li, Knut lub Great, Magnus Zoo. Cov feem ntau cov tawm cov piv txwv ntawm co-hav zoov - Kalmar Union. Daj-liab tus chij ntawm lub Union yog tseem siv nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, sib txuas li Scandinavia.

Niaj hnub no, tag nrho cov teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam koom nyob rau hauv kev sib koom promotions los ntawm cov Neeg mus ncig tebchaws Union, kev sis koom teg uas muaj ntau hom koom haum (nrog rau cov 'Scandinavia ncig xyuas ") nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb.