Qhov zoo tshaj plaws 3D tshuab luam ntawv: xyuas, piav qhia, specifications, manufacturers thiab lub tswv yim. Domestic 3D-printers: hauj lwm

3D-tshuab luam ntawv yog ib tug ntaus ntawv uas tso cai rau cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg los tsim ib tug ntau yam ntawm lub cev khoom, raws li nyob rau hauv nws cov 3D qauv. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias xws li pab kiag li lawm nyuam qhuav tau ua ntau, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, cov thawj xws li pib tshwm raws li thaum ntxov raws li lub 80s ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, qhov no yog tsis zoo tshaj plaws 3D-tshuab luam ntawv, li cas los xij, thiab twb muaj nthuav xav. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm technology 3D-xovxwm tau leaped rau pem hauv ntej, uas ua rau ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov tshiab pab kiag li lawm, txhua yam uas yog ib tug hotbed ntawm cov kev pab cuam thiab cov nta.

Tom ntej no peb yuav saib dab tsi yuav tsum yog tus zoo tshaj plaws 3D-tshuab luam ntawv rau hnub tim thiab dab tsi yog qhov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua ntaus ntawv.

SLS (chaw tsim tshuaj paus SPRO)

Selective laser sintering technology. Me me ntawm cov khoom sintered los ntawm tus muaj hwj huam laser raug. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, raws li cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau siv hnab yas hmoov, ntau yam co, iav, nylon los yog tej hub. Qhov no qauv txawv heev raug thiab tsis muaj yuav tsum tau siv tej cov yuav txhawb tau cov qauv, tab sis nws siv yog tus kim heev. Yuav tsum siv ib tug kub kev kho mob cov khoom tam sim ntawd tom qab printing.

SLM (chaw tsim tshuaj paus SPRO)

Selective laser melting technology. Nws yog ib heev zoo ib yam li yav dhau los yam ntaus ntawv, tiam sis ntawm no raws li cov ntaub ntawv uas tsuas yog siv ib tug ntau yam ntawm hmoov hlau, thaum lasers lawv tus kheej yog txawm ntau haib. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws 3D-tshuab luam ntawv nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau yav tas los rau cov yog vim li cas hais tias nws tsis yuav tsum tau tshav kub kev kho mob los tsim ib tsab xov xwm.

EBM (chaw tsim tshuaj paus Arcam)

Cov cuab yeej ntawm electron nqaj melting. Siv ib tug txaus haib electron nqaj yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv vacuo fusing khoom txheej los ntawm txheej ntawm cov hlau hmoov. Ib zaug ntxiv, qhov zoo tshaj plaws 3D-tshuab luam ntawv piv rau SLS, rau qhov yog vim li cas hais tias tsis muab rau qhov yuav tsum tau rau ib tug kub kev kho mob tom qab printing.

LOM (chaw tsim tshuaj paus Solido, MCor)

Cov cuab yeej ntawm gluing tshwj xeeb fawm kib zaj duab xis cov ntaub ntawv, xws li laminated ntawv, los yog polymer zaj duab xis, nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim mus rau tom qab tsim ib tag qauv ntawm lub laser beam.

SLA (chaw tsim tshuaj paus FormLabs Form)

Lwm lub npe rau qhov no technology - stereolithography. By tua cov kua photopolymer, nyob rau hauv tus ntawm ultraviolet tawg ntawm ib yam kev qhov chaw kom tsim ntawm cov khoom. Lub tshuab txawv heev meej, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ua rau nws tsim nyog los siv txhawb technologies. Ntawm lwm yam, peb tsis tau hais tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, siv kim photopolymers, thiab tiav lawm cov khoom uas tsawg cov neeg.

FDM (manufacturers: MarketBot, CubeX)

Modeling yog nqa tawm heev dua lwm yam los ntawm fusing technology. Nrog kev pab los ntawm lub dispensing lub taub hau rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub txias platform ua tib zoo squeezed ib tug nco thermoplastic uas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug rhuab mob. Vim sufficiently sai solidification thiab so ua ke xws li dauv yog tsim khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg tsim yam khoom, uas yog, printing yog ua no khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg.

Xyuas: Muab kuv ib tug 20000 p. Yeej, lawv muab rau kev lom zem, thiaj li nrog txoj hauj lwm nws tswj 100. Download tau lub Internet drawings programmiruesh, koj tos, koj tau txais ib tug tshwm sim - nws yog yooj yim.

Uas los xaiv?

Tam sim ntawd nws muaj nqis ntsoov teev qhov tseeb hais tias domestic 3D-printers - qhov no yog qhov FDM, thiab tsuas yog lawv yog pheej yig rau qhov nruab nrab neeg siv. Tus taw tes ntawm no yog tsis txawm nyob rau hauv no technology nta, thiab hais tias tus ntaus ntawv nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau muas ntawm ib tug nqi ntawm 20 000 rubles, thaum tus nqi ntawm lwm yam khoom yog pib los ntawm ib tug ob peb lab, thiab lawv yog li muaj xwb nyob rau kev thov.

Uas yog vim li cas, yog tias koj xav tau domestic 3D-printers, koj yuav tsum to taub yuav ua li cas los xaiv tus pom ntaus ntawv los ntawm cov kev xaiv FDM technology.

Yuav ua li cas yog nws rau koj?

Qhov loj tshaj plaws ua ntej koj muas no ntaus ntawv - nws yog los mus txiav txim qhov kev txiav txim li cas, thiab koj xav tau, nyob rau hauv tus, qhov no unit. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj cia li xav kom muaj kev lom zem, ces nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas koj heev haum rau tus txheej txheem Piv txwv ntawm tus nqi qis tshaj. Yog hais tias koj yuav tau mus nrhiav seb yog dab tsi 3D-tshuab luam ntawv yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau zus tau tej cov, los yog ib tug kev ua lag ua luam uas yog ncaj qha mus txog rau lub printing, koj yuav tsum xaiv lub feem ntau txhim khu kev qha cov qauv. Ib tug muaj tsuas mus xav txog tej yam dab tsi yuav tshwm sim yog hais tias nyob hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm luam lub tom ntej no thiaj luam ntawv kiag li lawm, thiab yog li koj yuav tsis muaj peev xwm mus kho nws sai sai.

Yog li, yog hais tias tus ua hauj lwm ntawm no ntaus ntawv yog rau koj coj cov nyiaj tau, ces koj yuav tsum coj ib tug luag hauj lwm mus kom ze rau cov kev xaiv ntawm uas cov ntawm 3D-printers zoo zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha, txwv tsis pub koj muaj zoo them xim rau cov uas pheej yig tshaj ua qauv rau ntawm to taub yuav ua li cas no ua hauj lwm.

Qhov twg yog lawv ua?

Nco ntsoov thaum xaiv ib lub tshuab luam ntawv, koj yuav tsum them sai sai mus rau lub ntau lawm lub teb chaws. Niaj hnub no kev ua lag luam conditionally muab faib ua peb theem:

• thaj;
• Suav;
• domestic.

Txhua yam ntawm cov feem muaj nws tus kheej cov yam ntxwv, yog li ntawd koj yuav tsis cia li siv, qoj ntsuam xyuas, ib tug sib piv ntawm cov qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm txhua yam ntawm 3D-printers.

Western cov qauv uas mas rau Russia thiab CIS lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv me me qhov ntau, thiab qhov producers tsis muaj official cov neeg sawv cev ntawm peb lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv kev, qhov no thaum kawg translates rau hauv cov teeb meem xws li ib tug ncaj high nqi ntawm cov khoom, cov tsis muaj direct nkag tau mus rau spare qhov chaw, raws li zoo raws li lub cev kev pab cuam thiab kev txhawb nqa. Yog li, Yog hais tias thaum lub sij hawm lub lag luam ntawm koj cov tshuab luam ntawv yuav txawm teeb meem me yuav ua tau loj heev teeb meem, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ces coj nws rov qab mus rau ua hauj lwm kev mob. Tab sis txoj kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub tsev ntawm 3D-printers pom tias nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb xws li ib tug ntaus ntawv txhim khu kev qha txaus thiab tsis txhob ua txhaum down nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm lawv kev ua hauj lwm.

Ib zaug ntxiv, cov tib qhov teeb meem no yog tam sim no nrog Suav printers, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no muaj kuj tsis tshua muaj tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv kev, nws muaj nqis ntsoov teev qhov zoo ntawm cov yooj yim cov chav nyob thiab lub Cheebtsam, uas lags qab heev nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog lub ntsiab npaj los ntawm Western tuam txhab uas muag.

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, peb tsis tau hais tias tam sim no printers yog heev dua lwm yam mas. Nws yog yuav hais tias koj yuav nrhiav tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm 3D-printers ntawm peb producers. Ua li no, koj yuav siv tau tus yam ntxwv hais tom ntej no.

Ceev thiab raug

Cov neeg ntawm lub qhov siab muab cov ntawv luam txheej nyob rau hauv ib tug txheej txheem uas yog tsawg tshaj li qhov siab, tus loj dua cov raug (lub sij hawm no lub siab tshaj plaws yog cov neeg printers yog 50 microns) thiab cov muab tshaj tawm yog sawv cev nyob rau hauv cm ³ / teev.

Cov tsis nrog txhua lwm yam nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau direct yam. Yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug siab raug, ho thiaj li sau ceev, thiab vice versa. Piv txwv li, yog tias ib tug khoom yog yuav tsum tau sau nyob rau saum toj no 50 microns nyob rau hauv cov neeg, kev tsim kho lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau kwv yees li ob zaug raws li ntev piv ntev npaum li cas nws yuav siv sij hawm rau qhov siv thiab ua cov khoom uas muaj ib tug neeg ntawm 125 micron. Nyob rau hauv lub overwhelming feem ntau ntawm cov mob manufacturers chiv qhia uas ntaus ntawv muab lawv huab raug thiab ceev.

Koj yuav tsum them sai sai mus rau lub ntau yam ntawm cov nta rau koj kom koj to taub yuav ua li cas sib txawv qauv yuav ua tau. Piv txwv li, rau sau ib tug loj layout, tej zaum koj yuav xav tau ib tug ncaj loj ceev, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ib tug tuab txheej ntawm txheej, thaum ntev yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau cov uas tsis muaj kev ceev rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txhim kho cov neeg rau printing zog. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias lub tsev yog zoo tagnrho - nws yog printers nrog ib tug neeg ntawm 150 microns, uas yog tsis heev haum rau luam ib tug ntau yam ntawm industrial cov chaw los yog cov niaj hnub ua lag ua luam.

Cheebtsam thiab ntaub ntawv

Xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws 3D-tshuab luam ntawv rau koj cheeb tsam, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov xyuam xim rau txoj kab ntawm ntau yam thiab cov ntaub ntawv. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim hais tias lub chaw tsim tshuaj paus neeg pab leg ntaubntawv yog tsis tshua muaj siab printing raug (piv rau txhua pixel nyob rau hauv lub iPhone yog ntau tshaj 50 microns), thaum lub tshuab luam ntawv lub cev yog ua tau yuav los ntawm cov txheej txheem plywood, uas tsis pub kom ua tau ib tug nruj heev qauv thiab lub duas paub tseeb. Los ntawm lub Internet los teev cia cov no tsis nws yog ib qhov nyuaj, tsuas yog rau tej yam duab thiab ib tug txheej txheem cej luam ntawm lub pab kiag li lawm lawv tus kheej. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv - yog hu rau ncaj nraim nrog cov neeg muag khoom thiab nug nws tag nrho cov teeb meem.

yas hom

Nco ntsoov nrog dab tsi rau yas 3D-printers yog zoo tshaj plaws siv nyob rau hauv ib tug cov ntaub ntawv. Feem ntau nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau hu ua PLA thiab ABS. Ib tug tej yam yog ib feem ntawm printers yuav siv ob hom ntawm cov yas, hos lwm yam pab kiag li lawm muab rau tsuas yog ib qho ntawm lawv. Ua tau, txawm li cas los, dua li cov uas tau hais saum toj no muaj peev xwm kuj yuav siv tau thiab lwm yam embodiments yarns, ib tug ntau yam sib txawv ntawm cov lub cev thiab tshuaj yam ntxwv, xws li ib tug glow nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj nti, yooj, dej solubility, nce lub zog, thiab ntau lwm tus neeg.

Muaj peev xwm sau ib tug yas yog tshwm sim los ntawm muaj los yog tsis tuaj kawm ntawv ntawm ib tug zaub ntaus ntawv platform, uas yuav muab ib tug ua hauj lwm ntau yam ntawm kub ntawm lub extruder thiab uas yog siv rau cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj chamber tsim. Yog hais tias koj ua tsis tau chiv kom paub tseeb tias koj xaiv lub tshuab luam ntawv muaj xws li cov nyiaj them yug rau ib hom ntawm cov yas, koj yuav tsum qhia kom meej rau cov nyiaj pab ntau tshaj kev cai tswjhwm tsis thiab los sib piv nrog rau cov uas pom zoo rau txhua yas.

Nws yog yuav hais tias ib co variants ntawm yas yog koj tsis xav tau nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, tiam sis koj yuav tsis paub tias qhov no nyob rau hauv ua ntej. Nws yog vim li no, Yog hais tias koj xav kom xyaum ua tej yam los yog tsis nti paub dab tsi ntaus ntawv thiab dab tsi koj yuav luam tawm tsab, koj yuav tsum xaiv ib tug 3D-tshuab luam ntawv, uas yuav nthuav lub siab tshaj plaws tau xov tooj ntawm kev txhawb yas filaments. Txawm hais tias xws li ib tug ntau yam chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm koj lub ntaus ntawv nyob rau hauv lub kawg koj yuav tsis tau yuav tsum tau rau lub yooj yim ua hauj lwm, uas paub qhov chaw nws yeej tseem yuav pab tau yog ib tug universal ntaus ntawv, vim hais tias muaj yog ib tug ntau yam ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb lub sijhawm.