Qeb "A1": tus subtleties ntawm ib tug tsav tsheb daim ntawv tso cai

Thaum lub kawg ntawm 2013, raws li txoj cai "Nyob rau Road tsheb Safety" twb hloov kho. Daim ntawv tsav tsheb tau txais ib tug tshiab saib, thiab tej yam ntawm tsheb raug muab faib ua ntau pawg. Rights nyob rau hauv lub tshiab qauv tam sim no muaj ib tug liab-tom qab kob xiav. Qeb "A1" (raws li tau zoo raws li "B1", "C1", "D1") tso cai rau cov neeg tsav tsheb los tswj khaub-ncaws nyias tsheb.

Lub tshiab tsav tsheb daim ntawv tso cai

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Lub peb hlis ntuj 2011 nyob rau hauv Russia pib muab txoj cai ntawm lub tshiab qauv. Los ntawm cov 'laus' tsav tsheb lais xees, lawv txawv nyob rau hauv tsos, qhov sib ntxiv ntawm ib tug barcode thiab cov expansion ntawm daim ntawv teev cov ntxiv pawg uas tso cai rau kev tswj ntawm ib tug neeg cov tsheb. Cov tshiab cov kev cai nyob qeb "A1", "YUAV", "TM-tram" thiab ib txhia lwm leej lwm tus. Feem ntau cov subcategories twb qhia 11.05.2013.

Nyob rau hauv cov kev cai tshiab tus tswv ntawm lub moped (scooter) twb tsis muaj txoj cai ua hauj lwm lub tsheb kom txog rau thaum nws tau txais tus tsav tsheb daim ntawv tso cai ntawm ib tug tej yam. Qhov no kuj nkag rau hauv lub ntsws thiab ATV. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, mopeds kuj yuav tswj nrog rau cov "laus" cov kev cai. Txais lub tshiab tsav cov lais xees yog nqa tawm los ntawm tsheb tub ceev xwm nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis 1 ntawm lub xyoo no. Rights muab nyob rau hauv 2011-2014. ua raws li cov thoob ntiaj teb cov qauv thiab yog siv tau nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov teb chaws uas kos npe rau daim Convention rau Road tsheb.

Qeb tsheb nyob rau hauv 2014

Cov cai ntawm tus qauv tshiab tseem lub ntsiab pawg ntawm lub tsheb: "A", "B", "C", "D". Tab sis tam sim no lawv txhua txhua tus yog muab faib ua ob peb tshiab pawg. Nyob rau 05.11.2013 daim ntawv tso cai, koj yuav saib tau lub nram qab no daim ntawv teev:

• Qeb "M" - sib quads, mopeds.
• Qeb "A" - motorcycles.
• Qeb "A1" - motorcycles nrog ib tug nyhav peev xwm tsis ntau tshaj 125 cm ³ thiab ib tug tshaj plaws hwj chim ntawm 11 kilowatts.
• Qeb "B" - yuav luag tag nrho cov tsheb, xws li SUVs thiab lub teeb tsheb thauj khoom.
• Qeb "B1" - cov qauv ntawm cov Tricycles thiab quadricycles.
• Qeb "C" - tsheb nrog ib tug tshaj plaws tso cai loj (MPM) 3500 kg. Yog li no yog cov tsheb nrog cov shocks, nrog MRM 750 kg.
• Qeb "C1" - tsheb nrog permissible hnyav 3500-7500 kg; tsheb nrog tw, nrog MRM 750 kg.
• Qeb "D" - tag nrho cov tsheb npav.
• Qeb "D1" - muab txoj cai los tswj lub me me buses, xws li 8-16 passazhiromest.
• Qeb "B1" - nws pib qeb "B", ua ke nrog ib tug trailer, qhov twg MPM> 750 kg thiab qhov loj ntawm lub tshuab tsis muaj ib tug load.
• Qeb "CE" - tsheb Qeb "C", txuas mus rau ib tug trailer nrog ib tug tshaj plaws permissible hnyav saum toj no 750 kg.
• Qeb "C1E" - nws pib qeb "C1", ua ke nrog ib tug trailer uas nws MPM> 750 kg tab sis tsis tau siab tshaj lub ceeb thawj ntawm lub tsheb tsis muaj ib tug load rau cov mob uas tag nrho cov permissible luj ntawm lub nyob tus yeees yog tsis ntau tshaj li 1200 kg.
• Qeb "DE" - tsheb Qeb "D", kev cob cog rua rau ib tug trailer nyob rau hauv uas lub MPM tsis pub tshaj 750 kg; Nws kuj muaj xws li ib tug articulated tsheb npav hom.
• Qeb "D1E" - muaj xws li pib qeb "D1", ua ke nrog ib tug trailer uas nws MRM tsawg tshaj li 750 kg, tab sis nws tsis pub dhau lub ceeb thawj ntawm lub tshuab tsis muaj ib tug load rau cov mob uas lub zuag qhia tag nrho tshaj plaws tso cai luj ntawm lub nyob tus yeees yog tsis ntau tshaj li 1200 kg.
• Qeb "TM" - tram.
• Qeb "TB" - trolley.

Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj hnub nyoog rau txhua qeb ntawm txoj cai

• Yuav kom tau txais ib qeb "A1" thiab "M" tej zaum yuav cov pej xeem ntawm Russia, uas mus txog 16th hnub tseem ceeb.
• Daim ntawv tso cai qeb "A", "B", "C", "B1", "C1" yog muab rau cov neeg hnub nyoog 18 xyoo.
• "D", "TM", "tus kab mob TB", "D1" - rau hauv qeb ntawm cov pej xeem yuav tau txais ib tug 21-xyoo-xyoos.
• Subcategories ntawm "YUAV", "CE", "DE" yog muab rau tus Lavxias teb sab pej xeem, leej twg yog xav paub ntau tshaj 1 xyoo tsim nyog pawg "B", "C", "D", ntsig txog.
• "C1E", "D1E" yuav tau txais cov pej xeem muaj ib tug tsav tsheb daim ntawv tso cai pawg "C", "D", "C1", "D1" ntau dua li 1 xyoo.

Xeem rau qeb "B" thiab "C" yuav ua tau 17 xyoo ntawm lub hnub nyoog, tab sis cov neeg tsav tsheb daim ntawv tso cai muab tsuas yog thaum ncav lub hnub nyoog ntawm 18 xyoo. Cov neeg uas yog nyob rau hauv cov tub rog kev pab cuam, yuav tau mus rau 19 xyoo qeb "D", "D1".

Qeb "A"

Qhov no TC los yog nyob rau hauv lub saum toj ntawm sab ib tug tshwj xeeb daim ntawv tsav tsheb thiab muab lub peev xwm tswj tau lub cev muaj zog-txhais tau tias. Qeb "A1" muab txoj cai yuav tsum tau tus neeg tsav tsheb ntawm cov lighter motorcycles. Muaj ib qeb "A", tus neeg tsav tsheb yuav tswj lub ob-wheeled tsheb (raws li ib tug sidecar, thiab yog tsis muaj lawv). Nws yog tseem muaj cai tsav tsheb peb-thiab plaub-wheeled tsheb nrog ib tug loj nyob rau hauv khiav thiaj <400kg. Yuav kom "straddle" ob-wheeled phooj ywg, koj yuav tsum tau kawm nrog cov me nyuam ntawm cov theoretical, tswv yim kev xeem. Tsav daim ntawv tso cai A-pawg yog muaj nyob rau ntawm hnub nyoog 18 xyoo. Nrog cov cai no, koj muaj peev xwm caij thiab nyob rau cov laus ua qauv sidecars.

Qeb "A1"

Tsav cov lais xees tshiab qauv txhab rau daim ntawv teev cov pawg ntawm lub tsheb. "G" qeb tshwm sim txawm hnub no nyob rau hauv lub UK. Nws tso cai rau kom tswj lub paver. Thiab ntawm no yog txoj cai ntawm "A1" qeb nyob rau hauv Russia yog muab tuaj rau xeeb 16 xyoo ntawm lub hnub nyoog. Lawv muab txoj cai los tswj "teeb" motorcycles. Cov no muaj xws li ob-wheeled tsheb nrog lub cav ua hauj lwm ntim rau 125 cm ³ muaj peev xwm tsis ntau tshaj 11 kW. Qeb "A1" nyob rau hauv cov cai txhais tau tias tus neeg tsav tsheb yuav tswj lub peb-wheeled tsheb nyob rau hauv uas lub cav fais fab saum toj no 50 cm ³ ntawm ib tug ceev ntawm ntau tshaj 45 km / h. Yog li lawv unladen loj yuav tsum 550 kg los yog tsawg dua. Yog hais tias koj muaj cov cai rau cov "A" qeb ntawm tus tsav npav, nws yuav zaum tom qab lub log ntawm lub tsheb "A1" subcategory. Lub downside ntawm tus tshiab tsav cov lais xees muaj pib thiab xaus rau hnub ntawm validity ntawm txhua qeb.

Tus txheej txheem muab txoj cai los tswj "yooj yim" tsheb tuam

Feem ntau cov hluas caij rau mopeds thiab motorbikes tsis muaj daim ntawv tsav tsheb. Tab sis dhau rau hauv qeb "A1" yog ib qho yooj yim. 16-xyoo-laus tug neeg pej xeem ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab Federation nws yog tsim nyog:

• paub cov kev cai ntawm lub SDA;
• kawm tsav ib tug ob-wheeled tsheb, ntiav ib tug kev paub cov xibfwb qhia;
• tau medspravka;
• kom ua cov hauj lwm ntawm theoretical, tswv yim xeem nyob rau hauv lub tsheb tub ceev xwm.

Yuav ua li cas txawj kuaj nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim yog ib feem ntawm cov tub ntxhais

Ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv uas xav kom muaj txoj cai rau "A1" qeb yuav tsum qhia rau hauv lub tsheb tej kev txawj ntse, uas yog, ua ib tug series ntawm maneuvers.

• Ncaj kom tshem tau cov maus taus, switching tsawg kis tau tus mob rau siab thiab vice versa.
• Qhia cov muaj peev xwm kom tswj tau tus ob-wheeled tsheb ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ceev thiab tsis poob lub pace nrog cov kauj ruam - "rut board."
• Yuav kom tig thiab tig ib tug me me puag ncig, "nab", "Seem vajvoog", "yim".

Yog hais tias lub examinee tsis ua "rut board" los yog "yim", suppresses lub cav thaum lub sij hawm ntawm pib lub maus taus nrog rau qhov chaw thaum lub sij hawm shutdown yuav tsis tig tawm lub kis tau tus mob thaum lub cav khiav, cov tub ntxhais yog ua kom tiav. Tus neeg sib tw tsav tsheb Stamp "tsis dhau". Cov lus nug tshwm sim, yuav ua li cas kom tau txais cov qeb "A1" nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm lub tswv yim kev xeem. Nws yog yooj yim: Koj yuav tsum ua lub saum toj no maneuvers nyob rau hauv tsheb rov qab los tom qab 7 hnub (nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov kev xeem ntawm lub tsav tsheb tsev kawm ntawv).

Leej twg muaj peev xwm tswj tsis tau lub tsheb pawg "A1"

Yuav kom tau txoj cai, rau yav tom ntej tus neeg tsav tsheb mus dhau ib tug tshwj xeeb kev kho mob soj ntsuam. Xav kom tswj ob-wheeled "lwm yam" mus saib raws li nram no tshwj xeeb: otolaryngologist, ophthalmologist, kws phais neeg, lub hlwb, lub hlwb, neurologist, internist, gynecologist (cov poj niam).

Cov cai rau cov qeb ntawm "A1" yog tsis muab yog hais tias tus kws kho mob commission yuav tsis kam muab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev nyab xeeb rau lub tsheb tswj. Qhov Ministry of Health tau muab ib daim ntawv teev ntawm cov kab mob, uas yog txwv tsis pub kom muab tau cov cai. Cov lawv:

• cov kab mob ntawm lub qhov muag, pob ntseg (mob);
• kab mob plawv, cov hlab ntsha;
• mob puas siab puas ntsws noj qab haus huv;
• phais xwm ntawm tus kab mob;
• hlwb ruamqauj;
• epileptic qaug dab peg;
• alcoholism yog ib tug mob xwm;
• tshuaj tiv;
• Tej daim ntawv ntawm kev quav yeeb tshuaj.

Tshwj xeeb Medical Commission yuav muab ib lub tswv yim rau cov unsuitability ntawm lub Cu tswj rau ib lub sij hawm tsis tshaj 5 xyoos.

Yuav ua li cas los hloov lub qub qauv txoj cai

Lavxias teb sab pej xeem muaj tsav cov lais xees yog ib tug tsau sij hawm (nyiaj pab ntau tshaj 10 xyoo), tom qab uas lawv pom tau hais tias invalid. Los hloov los yog restore txoj cai coj piab yog tsis tsim nyog. Yuav tsum ua ntawv thov mus rau lub tsheb tub ceev xwm, coj koj phau ntawv hla tebchaws, "laus" daim ntawv tso cai, kev kho mob daim ntawv pov thawj thiab nws cov luam. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau muab rau cov tsheb tub ceev xwm, uas tom qab pov thawj muab tus neeg tsav tsheb ib tug tau txais daim ntawv rau kev them nqi ntawm lub xeev txoj hauj lwm. Cov kev cai no yuav hloov nyob rau tib hnub. Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, tej zaum nws yuav tsum yog ib tug txawv lub sij hawm, yog hais tias tus tsheb tub ceev xwm yuav tsum ntxiv xyuas lub authenticity ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los yog tus neeg ntawm tus neeg tsav tsheb, uas yog tej yam txawv. Ua ntej qhov pib ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm cov kev hloov txoj cai, zoo dua kom them tau tus kawg raug nplua rau cov inspectors tsis tsa heev ntau cov lus nug thaum lub sij hawm ib tug yog leejtwg tshev. tsav tsheb yog yees duab rau cov tsav tsheb daim ntawv tso cai ntawm tus tshiab qauv nyob rau hauv MREO. Txij li thaum 2011, lub sijhawm los txais ob hom cai. Tus thawj - nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib daim ntawv laminate daim ntawv muaj ib tug passport loj. Qhov thib ob hom yog ib lub hnab yas card. Lub "laus" tsav tsheb lais xees nyob twj ywm siv tau mus txog rau thaum kawg ntawm lub sij hawm xaiv rau lawv.