Phosphating hlau hauv tsev

Txij li thaum tib neeg tau kawm ua hlau, tib neeg ntsib lub teeb meem ntawm kev txav ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom ua los ntawm kev puas tsuaj corrosion. Xeb yog tus yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb ntawm tej qhov chaw hlau tawm mus rau hnub no. Lub sij hawm ntev txhim kho ntawm txoj kev thiab txhais tau tias tsim los tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov tau ua tsis txaus ntseeg tau los ntawm kev sib ntaus tawm tsam kev tiv thaiv ntuj tsim. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tuaj yeem lav qhov 100% uas tsis ua raws li qhov muaj corrosion.

Kuv tuaj yeem ua hlau rau tom tsev?

Rau hnub tim, ntawm cov txheej txheem uas yuav tiv thaiv tau hlau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm kev puas tsuaj, phosphating muaj nqis sau cia. Cov hlau, tom qab ua tiav ib qho tshuaj uas tsim nyog, tau txais kev ua hauj lwm hnyav ntxiv, uas ua rau nws ua tau ntev ntev rau nws txoj haujlwm ncaj nraim.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv ntawm hlau los ntawm xeb thiab rot yog txheej ntawm nws saum npoo nrog ib tug nyias, nyuam qhuav noticeable movie. Hauv tsev, lub phosphating ntawm cov hlau zoo li ua haujlwm nyuaj tshaj plaws uas muaj feem rau qeb ntawm kev tsis zoo. Tiag, tom qab tag nrho tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub khw muaj ib qho khoom tsim nyog, yuav tsum tau reagents. Qhov tseeb, yog tias muaj cov cai thiab cov kev cai muaj kev pom zoo, txhua tus neeg uas tsis muaj kev kawm txuj ci kawm yuav ua tau raws li qhov xav tau.

Reagents uas yuav tsum muaj rau phosphating

Ib qho ntxiv kom zoo dua ntawm lub phosphating hauv tsev yog nws cov qauv siv: ib qho kev tiv thaiv muaj zog tiv thaiv yog tsim rau cov chaw uas yuav luag txhua cov phom, tshwj tsis yog rau cov hlau phom heev heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov txheej txheej zoo kawg nkaus haum nrog lub hauv paus ntawm cov hlau billet. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv siv hlau phosphating, siv yog ua los ntawm:

• Manganese;
• Zinc;
• Hlau phosphates.

Qhov zoo ntawm phosphate kev kho mob ntawm hlau

Niaj hnub cov yees duab ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm phosphoric acid composition cais cia npog cov hlau nrog yam tsawg thickness - tsis tshaj 5 micrometers. Txoj kev ua cov hlau no tiv thaiv nws kev puas tsuaj thiab muab kev tiv thaiv los ntawm lwm qhov kev cuam tshuam, kom siv tau cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv mus rau txhua yam kev mob, xws li:

• Nyob ntev li ntawm cov av noo;
• Hauv qaug kev txhoj puab heev tshuaj;
• Sib cuag nrog roj cav;
• Thaum siab fais fab tuag;
• Raws li lub hauv paus nyob rau hauv ib lub xim muaj xim thiab vanish txheej.

Phosphating ntawm cov hlau rau nrag yuav muab kev tiv thaiv txhim khu cov khoom, txawm li cas los xij, yog tias nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw acidic los yog alkaline, qhov khoom yuav nyob tsis taus. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, thaum thaij xim hlau, cov ntaub ntawv muaj xim nkag tob rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm kev tivthaiv kabmob, uas muaj qhov siab ntawm porosity. Kev txhim kho qhov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov sib txuam ntawm qhov sib txuam yog lwm qhov zoo, uas yog ib qho hais tias yawg phosphating ua ntej nrag cov hlau.

Tshuab thiab txoj kev ntawm kev phosphating

Ua ntej yuav pib nrog daim ntawv thov ntawm zaj duab xis txheej, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom to taub qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm qhov nruab nrab uas cov hlau yuav muab tso rau. Lub tshuab fosphating hlau nrog tom ntej nrag nrog xim ua haujlwm tsis haum rau kev siv hauv tsev. Nrog kev pab ntawm yeeb tshuaj "Magef", kev daws ntawm uas yog sau nrog loj loj ntim nyob rau hauv lub enterprise, cov hlau yog them nrog ib tug heev nyias, tab sis heev ruaj thiab txheej txheem. Nkaus encapsulated nyob rau hauv lub phosphating da dej ntawm lub nws yog xim hlau tsab xov xwm yog rhuab mus rau lub limiting kub thiab refluxed rau ib teev. Tom qab ntawd, muab cov hlau tshem tawm, muab cov yeeb yaj kiab tso kom zoo, ua kom tiav, thaum kawg ntawm qhov txheej txheem, cov nplaum yog siv cov khoom siv abrasive los yog cov tshuab xuab zeb.

Kev siv cov lus saum toj no tuaj yeem hu ua kev tsis ncaj ncees rau qhov kev sib tw ua cov txheej txheem loj. Cov kev pab zoo xws li phosphating hlau, yog muaj cov hlau yob hlau, yuav raug nqi rau tus qhua tuaj noj haus.

Yuav ua li cas ua hlau hauv tsev: "txias" galvanic

Rau cov kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom lag luam qis, nws tsim nyog rau cov chaw yaus rau kev siv technology. Nws yog hais txog phosphating lub hlau nrog orthophosphoric acid, qhov kev npaj ntawm uas muaj txawm nyob rau hauv tsev. Rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, qhov tseeb ntawm cov tshuaj tivthaiv yuav tsum ua kom tau. Cov nram qab no yog lub tswv yim ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv qhov ratio ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj (nyob rau hauv grams) rau ib 1 liter dej:

• Phosphoric acid - tsis pub ntau tshaj 40 xyoo;
• Nitric acid zinc - txog 200;
• Zinc Oxide - 15;
• Sodium sulphate - 8.

Cov txheej txheem tsis siv sij hawm ntau - nws yuav siv sijhawm li ib nrab los npaj cov tshuaj thiab ib qho tshuaj lom neeg. Ib qho tseem ceeb, uas yuav tsum tau adhered rau lub sijhawm ua hlau, yog qhov tseeb ntawm cov tshuaj thiab qhov kub (tsis pub tsawg tshaj +18 ° C thiab tsis tshaj +25 ° C). Txoj kev no ua kom tau txais phosphating ntawm cov hlau nyob hauv tsev, tab sis nws zoo yog qhov tsis zoo rau kev kho mob ntawm cov khoom hlau nrog "Mazef" npaj - qhov ntau thickness ntawm cov zaj duab xis resulting, raws li txoj cai, tsis pub tshaj 5 microns.

Electrochemical phosphating ntawm hlau qhov chaw

Feem ntau ntawm cov technologies rau cov khoom siv hlau uas tsis tsim nyog muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom yog siv los ntawm amateurs. Qhov no kuj yog kev kho electrochemical ntawm hlau, implying tus nto txheej nrog ib zaj duab xis uas txhim khu kev ntseeg vim yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm electrolyte thiab tam sim no. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm no yog raws li kev siv phosphoric acid los yog "Magef".

Tus electrode yog tus mounted ntawm lub hlau billet kom phosphated. Cov qauv siv no txo qis rau hauv chav dej nrog cov tshuaj tov ua ntej, thiab cov zinc rods yog siv raws li qhov anode - lawv kuj yuav tsum tau nkag nrog hluav taws xob. Yuav kom ua tiav cov hlau tsis tas yuav tsum muaj kev siv rau kev siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob, 25V AC los yog DC hluav taws xob tam sim no.

"Magef" - qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv daim npav rau cov pa hlau ua ntej pleev xim

Txoj kev phosphating tsis ntev ntev - qhov nruab nrab, mus rau ib nrab ib teev. Cov txheej txheem no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua cov qauv khoom ncaj ncaj. Rau cov khoom uas muaj ntau txheej geometric, lwm txoj kev ntawm cov hlau phosphating yuav tsum tau xaiv kom tsis txhob muaj kev faib tawm ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab uas tsis muaj sib npaug. Siv cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab nyob hauv tsev, "Magef" yog ib qho zoo hauv cov av, muaj tag nrho cov ntawv pov thawj thiab sib thooj GOST. Phosphating cov hlau ntawm lub cev tsheb yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau ua rau kev siv cov khoom. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub tsheb ntawm xeb, "Magef" yog siv txawm nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas muaj, raws li paub, xim tsis ntev ntev (piv txwv li, hauv qab ntawm lub tsheb).

Yuav pib lub hlau ua, av, plua tshauv, me ntsis ntawm bitumen thiab zoo dua degrease nws los ntawm qhov saum npoo. Cov ua hauj lwm sib tov yuav tsum tau npaj ntawm nws tus kheej, tab sis nws yuav txuag lub sij hawm thiab yuav sib npaug ntawm daim ntawv tso tawm ntawm aerosol. Hauv qhov no, qee cov tshuaj reagents siv rau cov hlau ua nrog txhuam. Tab sis qhov no txoj kev ntawm faib yog tsis haum nyob rau hauv qhov qhaj ntawv ntawm kev paub nyob rau hauv saum npoo priming - nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom taug qab lub uniformity ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm lub phosphate muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Tswv yim rau kev siv phosphate formulations

Thaum ua me me hlau qhov chaw nrog "Mage" nws yuav ua tau thiab ib txoj kev kub ntawm kev tso zis hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab. Ib qho txawv rau cov khoom muaj nqis yuav pom tau tias yog sib xyaw ntawm cov zinc nitrate thiab phosphoric acid. Thaum lub sij hawm npaj ntawm loj, ib tug yuav tsum tsis txhob rau ib lub sij hawm tsis nco qab txog kev ceeb toom thiab cov qauv kev nyab xeeb nyob rau theem qis:

• Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog hnav cov iav tshwj xeeb hauv kev tiv thaiv.
• Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov tshuaj lom nrog vapors uas tau tso tawm, ua haujlwm sab nraum zoov lossis hauv thaj chaw cua.
• Qhov kawg ntawm tus txheej txheem, koj yuav tsum ntxuav koj ob txhais tes kom cov khoom siv tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem nkag ntawm lub qhov muag thiab qhov ncauj.

Kev kho mob tom qab phosphating ntawm qhov chaw

Raws li txoj cai, lub phosphating ntawm hlau nyob hauv tsev tsis yog theem kawg ntawm kev kho mob ntawm cov khoom. Txij li thaum lub porosity ntawm galvanic tiv thaiv zaj duab xis qauv yuav cuam tshuam nws cov ntxiv functionality thiab kev ua tau zoo, lub hlau saum npoo yog passivated. Raws li cov ntsiab muab smoothness thiab evenness ntawm lub lo, potassium dichromate los yog sodium dichromate yog siv. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev ntawm xov hlau nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom tsis txhob qhaj qhov ntsuas kub: cov khoom uas muaj phosphate films immerse hauv 80-degree daws thiab sawv rau tsawg kawg 20 feeb. Tom qab passivation, cov khoom raug kho nrog roj cav, tom qab uas tov roj thiab silicone kua siv nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm 1:10.

Yuav ua li cas mus xyuas qhov zoo ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv hlau?

Ib qho kev qhia tias qhov txheej txheem tau sib haum mus rau qhov kev tshaj tawm tias nws yog nws cov nplua nuj crystalline qauv thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm qhov quav. Qhov tseem ceeb kuj siv rau hauv tus account lub meej loj ntawm cov txheej txheej: cov luj ntawm zaj duab xis yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj peb gram ib square meter. Meter. Phosphating ua (kev ua rau cov hlau tshwm sim ntawm lub ntsiab lus kub npau npau) ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom tau ib lub khov uas muaj zog, cov thickness uas tuaj yeem mus txog 7 μm, thiab thaum muaj khaub thuas hom nkaus, cov txheej galvanizing yoojyim ib qho thickness, thiab thiaj li muaj qis dua.

Ib co tswv yim ntawm phosphating: yam koj yuav tsum paub?

Yuav kom tau taub phosphate cov hlau sab nraum qhov chaw tsim khoom, nws tseem ceeb heev kom xyuam xim rau cov nram qab no:

• Qhov yooj yim tshaj los npaj lub phosphating paste, uas koj tuaj yeem siv kho qhov chaw, yog cov nram qab no: sib tov "Majef" los yog xauj tsev ntawm phosphoric acid thiab zinc nitrate nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm nruab nrab - cov ntse, hmoov, kaolin. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog los soj ntsuam cov kev faib ua feem (3 qhov chaw ntawm kev daws rau 2 crumbly tshuaj).
• Hauv cov kua phosphate, cov khoom siv degreasing yuav muab ntxiv - qhov no yuav cawm tau cov rog hauv kev npaj rau lub phosphatizing ntawm cov hlau. Ua li no, nyob rau hauv 1 liter dej, ntxiv 45 grams sodium nitrate thiab sodium monophosphate, thiab ib nrab ntawm tablespoon ntawm detergent. Lub sij hawm nrhiav qhov feem hauv qhov phosphating da dej yuav tsum muab doubled.
• Tshem tawm xeb ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub hlau, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ntxiv cov polyphosphates rau phosphoric acid. Ua kom cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev npaj cov tshuaj yuav pab tau ib tus neeg ntxhib ntxi tshwj xeeb - nws yuav ntxuav qhov hlau.
• Lub tshuab lub ntsws phosphating yog ib yam khoom ntxiv rau qhov kev kho cov dej khov. Nrog nws, tag nrho cov txheej txheem siv tsawg kawg ntawm lub sij hawm.

Phosphate kev kho cov hlau los ntawm kev sib ntaus

Xav tias tib lub sijhawm ua tiav ntawm ntau cov qauv ntawm cov hlau phosphating yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis zoo hauv kev lag luam, tab sis tseem nyob hauv txhua txhua hnub, qhov chaw ua haujlwm no tuaj yeem ua tus coj kev txhim kho cov khoom qub uas siv electroplating. Ntxiv rau kev tuav nyiaj txiag, uas yog pom nyob rau hauv tsev phosphating, qhov kev kho mob ntawm cov hlau muaj ntau ntawm lwm yam zoo. Piv txwv, phosphate tebchaw tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj tsis tsuas yog dub, tab sis kuj tseem muaj xim txhuam (tooj liab, cadmium, txhuas, thiab lwm yam).

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov hlau tsis xeb los ntawm lwm yam, kev mob nyhav, nws tau ua tiav tam sim tom qab yuav khoom. Thaum muab cov khoom ua hlau ua rau hauv cov chav uas muaj ntau lub voj, ib txoj kev xo npab yuav ua rau lawv nto - nws tsis muaj kev phom sij rau cov hlau nws tus kheej, tab sis hauv kev xyaum nws feem ntau tau txais cov khoom zoo nkauj.