Pavel Filonov: A Biography ntawm cov artist

Filonov Pavel Nikolayevich - ib tug zoo heev Lavxias teb sab neeg pleev kob, graphic artist, kws sau paj lug, kos duab theorist. Yug rau hauv ib tug pluag tsev neeg nyob rau hauv Moscow nyob rau hauv 1883. Txij li thaum tseem yog menyuam yaus, nws yuav tsum tau raug kev nyuaj siab thiab kev txom nyem. Ntsuag thaum ntxov, nws khwv tau nws nyob los ntawm retouching duab, embroidered tablecloths thiab napkins, pleev xim rau daim duab loj thiab ntim rau cov khoom. Txuj ci thiab yog nqus, tus tub hluas sawv ntawm cov muaj hnub nyoog ntawm peb mus rau plaub lub xyoos.

Nyob rau hauv 1897 nws tau tsiv mus rau St. Petersburg, qhov uas nws pib coj qhia nyob rau hauv painting. Nyob rau hauv 1908, nyob rau lub hnub nyoog ntawm 25 xyoo Filonov nkag mus hauv lub St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, tab sis nyob rau hauv 1910 tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm nws vim hais tias mus tim ntxeev siab tawm tsam tus dictates ntawm professors ntawm lub Academy, mus yaum nws cov thwj tim classical qauv. Txij li thaum uas lub sij hawm, nws twb sim mus nrhiav kom tau nws tus kheej raws li ib qho kev ywj artist, saib rau cov pa aesthetic lig kev cai. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, Pavel Filonov ua tus ob classical realism thiab tawm tsam lub avant-garde ntawm lub xyoo pua, namely Cubism thiab Futurism. Rov txog lub geometrical thiab txhua yam hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov kos duab, nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov lus qhia txhais xwm heev yooj yim, ntawm kuv ob lub ntawm nws yam: xim thiab cov duab.

Yog zoo self-qhia txiv neej ntawm loj ntawm kev txawj ntse muaj peev xwm, cov artist yeej tsis muag nws paintings thiab tsis tau sau ntawv rau kev txiav txim. Private qhia nyob rau hauv kos duab Pavel Filonov coj Leo Evgrafovich Dmitrieva Caucasus, engraver tooj liab, etcher thiab cov neeg pleev kob, mus xyuas nws "Rhiav rau menyuam kawm ntawv." Nyob rau hauv 1911, cov artist mus rau ib tug pilgrimage. Tsis pub dhau rau lub hlis, nws mus ko taw los ntawm lub zog ntawm Guj kuj, Middle East, Ltalis thiab Fabkis. Yuav kom them rau cov zaub mov thiab vaj tse, nws pleev xim rau cov phab ntsa hauv cov tsev uas muaj ib tug vaj tse.

Thaum lub sij hawm lub ntiaj teb ua ntej tsov rog, Pavel Filonov Nws tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub Romanian pem hauv ntej. Unconditionally txais lub kaum hli ntuj Revolution, tau raug xaiv los tswj ntawm tus thawj rooj tsavxwm ntawm lub Danube cheeb tsam. Thaum nws rov qab mus rau Petrograd, nws nrhiav tau ib tug painting studio, uas tsim lub scenery rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm theatrical productions, illustrations rau cov Finnish epic "Kalevala".

Lub ob tej hauj lwm, daim ntawv sau nyob rau hauv 1910, xav txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug analytical txoj kev ntawm cov artist. Qhov no "Neeg pluag Family" thiab "lub taub hau", vim hais tias cov neeg uas Pavel Filonov tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub Academy. Nws contemporaries tsis to taub lawv.

"World flourishing" - lub npe uas muab los ntawm cov artist tus kheej system ntawm analytical kos duab, uas yog lub txiaj ntsim kubofuturisticheskogo thwmsim pom los ntawm nws nyob rau hauv 1913-1915, ntsig txog. Nws yus nws yog ib tug ntau yam heev txoj kev thiab detalizovannye - daim duab no yog tsim los ntawm ib tug taw tes rau ib qho duab ( "raws li ntoo grain") ntawm lub thinnest ntawm txhuam thiab ntse mem hluav rau ib tug kuj tiaj. Dluab muaj ntau cov ntsiab lus ntawm view (raws li nyob rau hauv Cubism), tab sis raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm simultaneity, ntse Futurism. cov artist tus philosophy twb qhia nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm, "lub ntiaj teb no lub flowering Paj" nyob rau hauv 1915. Ces nws twb kho thiab luam tawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov "tshaj tawm" nyob rau hauv 1923, thaum Filonov Pavel Nikolaevich twb tau xaiv ib tug lecturer nyob rau Petrograd Academy of Arts. "Ideology ntawm Analytical Art" tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1930.

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias nws zoo kawg txuj ci tau raug lees paub tias nyob rau hauv lub 1920s, cov artist tom qab pom kev nkag siab ntawm cov critics. Nws exhibition ntawm Lavxias teb sab tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb txwv, thiab menyuam kawm ntawv thiab cov phooj ywg uas nws. Mikhail Larionov thiab Natalia Goncharova emigrated, Velimir Khlebnikov tuag. Nws tus kheej tsis tau ua li sim mus nrhiav ib txoj kev tawm, vim hais tias nws yog saib tsis tau tej nruab nrab. Nws tsis kam mus koom nyob rau hauv miv nyob rau hauv Paris, Dresden, Venice, USA. Filonov xav mus saib nws tej hauj lwm thaum xub thawj nyob rau hauv lub teb, nws ua npau suav ntawm kev tsim ib tsev cia puav pheej ntawm lub analytical kos duab. Peb lub sij hawm nws tsis lees qhov kev ntawm ib tug professorship nyob rau Academy of Arts, motivating nws txiav txim siab hais tias nws yog ntshai ntawm inconsistencies nrog rau txoj hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1930, lub neej tau hloov rau lub zuj zus. Tab sis txawm lub plight, nws txuas ntxiv mus muaj tswv yim npaaj. Txawm li cas los, tus mob khaub thuas thiab kev tshaib kev nqhis yeej. Hlis ntuj nqeg 3, 1941, thaum pib ntawm lub siege ntawm Leningrad, Pavel Filonov twb pom tuag nyob rau hauv nws chav tsev.