Pacific nplhaib ntawm hluav taws nyob qhov twg thiab yog vim li cas nws yog hu ua

Pacific nplhaib ntawm hluav taws - ib tug qhab ntawm cov volcanoes, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, txhua tus uas yog siv tau. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog bordered los ntawm cov dej hiav txwv, los ntawm uas nws tau txais nws lub npe. Co muaj Geysers, uas, raws li cov kws tshawb fawb, yog ntau npaum li cas txaus ntshai volcanoes. Twv seb lawv eruptions yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua.

Qhov uas nws yog?

Nplhaib ntawm hluav taws yog ib thaj chaw nyob rau ntawm lub perimeter ntawm lub tib lub npe ntawm lub hiav txwv. Muaj yog ib tug ntau ntawm active volcanoes. Tag nrho cov neeg nyob rau lub ntiaj chaw muaj 540 - yog cov neeg uas paub rau noob neej. Cov lawv 328 yog nyob ncaj qha nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws kub nplhaib.

Qhov ntev thiab qhov chaw ntawm no tej yam ntuj tso phenomenon:

• nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob - pib nyob rau hauv Kamchatka ceg av qab teb, kis los ntawm tus Japanese, Filipino thiab cov Kuril Islands tuaj, captures Tshiab Guinea, New Zealand. Nws xaus nyob rau hauv Antarctica. Ntawm no volcanoes tsis ua hauj lwm. Lawv yuav them rau los ntawm ib tug ice hau, vim hais tias ntawm yog dab tsi kev puas tsuaj tsis tshwm sim;
• nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj - pib nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb ntawm Antarctica, nws kis tau los ntawm cov kob ntawm Tierra del Fuego, lub Andes Cordillera thiab cov Aleutians.

Dua li ntawm qhov qis hwv ntseeg, tus naj npawb ntawm volcanoes nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si rau tej thaj chaw yog kwv yees li tib yam, cia li hais tias lawv cog ntau densely nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj.

Ib txhia me me Geysers thiab volcanoes muaj nyob rau ntawm lub ntau me me Islands tuaj ntawm lub hiav txwv Pacific.

Yuav ua li cas koj puas tau tuaj?

Pacific hluav taws nplhaib tsim geodynamic dab vim xws li kis tus kab mob thiab subduction. Lawv sawv cev rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Oceanic lithosphere, thaum cov phiaj pib txav mus deb ntawm txhua lwm yam, los yog conversely hloov ntawm slabs. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lub volcanoes yug los. Tam sim ntawd Pacific cheeb tsam muaj xws li txiv maj phaub thiab Nazca phaj. Lawv xwm lub continents. Saum toj no rau lawv, volcanoes raug tsim, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv cov chaw, cov pob qij txha ntawm daim hlau thiab continents.

Pacific nplhaib ntawm hluav taws yog ua tsis tiav. Nyob rau hauv ib co chaw, lub saum toj no tus txheej txheem tau tsis pom, thiaj li tsis muaj volcanic pob zeb tsis tsim. Nws yog ua kev zoo siab nyob rau hauv lub luv ntawm New Zealand thiab cov ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Antarctica. Ces lub siab tshaj plaws uas tsis muaj seismic yam kev ua si, thiaj li muaj yog tsis muaj av qeeg, raws li zoo raws li volcanoes tsis tau tsim los yog, piv txwv li, Geysers.

Tsis tas li ntawd vim li no, seismic yam kev ua si yog pom nyob rau hauv lub coasts ntawm North America. "Tranquility" kab khiav raws California thiab ces mus sab qaum teb rau Vancouver Island.

Lawv tus kheej ncaj qha volcanoes raug tsim maj mam, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw phaj interface. Thiab lub txias dej ntawm tus dej hiav txwv Pacific ua rau lawv ua kom nquag plias txhua lub sij hawm, uas yog heev txaus ntshai rau cov pej xeem hauv lub surrounding cheeb tsam.

Cov kev phem tua hluav taws nplhaib

Volcanoes ntawm lub Pacific nplhaib ntawm hluav taws tshaj plaws muaj teeb meem, thiab raug teeb meem coj cov neeg ntawm Nyiv. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv, nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam, Fuji. Nws yog ib tug lub khob hliav qab nrog ib tug ntev ntawm 4 km. Eruptions tshwm sim feem ntau heev, lawv nrog cov yam ntxwv explosions. Ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws xwm txheej tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1707. Ua ntej, tshaj lub roob hluav taws nyob ib tug dub huab ntawm haus luam yeeb thiab cov hmoov tshauv. Nws yog tsaus ntuj nti zoo ib yam li hmo ntuj. Ces lawv pib hle pob zeb thiab cov hmoov tshauv ntawm cov kev ua qab yias. Pawg da dej ntau ntau me me lub zos, lub hav zoov tsoo, thiab lub teb lub sau tau kiag li devastated.

nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj 1952 lwm kev huam yuaj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Tokyo. Ntawm no underwater roob hluav taws thiaj tawg. Thawj tsim khub niam txiv maj mam ntiab tawm outwardly tshauv. Tom qab ntawd tuaj lub thiaj li hu volcanic bombs. Tsim ib tug giant tug ciav. Lawv raug tua - cov tub ceev xwm xa mus rau qhov chaw ntawm ib tug kev tshawb fawb txog ntsha uas tau wrecked. Timkhawv los ntawm lwm ships uas sailed yav tag los, tham txog tias nyob rau hauv tus nto ntawm cov dej tsim islets, uas tam sim ntawd zoo.

Nyob rau hauv Alaska thiab cov Aleutian Islands tuaj, qhov twg stretches Pacific hluav taws nplhaib eruptions kuj tsis yooj yim dua, raws li muaj ntau tshaj li 50 volcanoes. Ib tug loj kev huam yuaj tshwm sim no nyob rau hauv 1912, thaum lub volume ntawm ntiab tawm tshauv thiab volcanic pob zeb ntawm 8.5 nyhav kilometers. Nyhav kuj yog sib npaug rau 29 billion tons. Qhov no yog ib tug ntawm cov biggest txheej volcanic keeb kwm.

Kob ntawm volcanic keeb kwm

Qhov twg yog qhov Pacific nplhaib ntawm hluav taws, muaj ib txwm tshiab kob, txhab continents. Cov kev hloov noj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cover ntawm dej yog tog twg los ib yam nkaus thiab me me (ua haujlwm ntawm 50-180 hli ib xyoo), hais tias ib tug txiv neej yuav txais lawv tsis muaj tshwj xeeb seev.

Volcanic keeb kwm xam qhovkev nyob rau hauv lub roob ntawm Mauna Loa thiab Kilauea, uas yog nyob rau hauv Hawaii. Thaum muaj ib tug uas, cov dej nyob rau hauv lub tam sim ntawd cheeb tsam ntawm lawv pib rhaub thiab ua npuas ncauj. Tshwm sim vapor huab tov nrog tshauv.

Nyob rau hauv Sumatra, lub Malay Archipelago muaj 18 volcanic Islands tuaj. Lawv nta yog kev ua qab yias lub pas dej. Tej tsis tau pom qhov twg lwm rau lub ntiaj chaw.

xaus

Yog li, lub Pacific nplhaib ntawm hluav taws yog ncaj qha mus muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm tshiab continents. Nws tshwm sim heev maj mam, tab sis, nrog txhua kev tawg ntawm qhov chaw yog hloov. Yog li ntawd, cov dej hiav txwv tsis yog li ntawd "nyob ntsiag to".