Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Moscow Kremlin originates los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua eleventh, thaum thawj tej chaw tiv thaiv Borovitsky toj, vaguely reminiscent ntawm fortification tej twb ua tau. Tus thawj annalistic mention ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog sau hnub tim 1147. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1238 lub Tatar-Mongol ntxeem tau flattened flimsy siv. Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1264 nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub Moscow Kremlin Moscow princes ntawm lub tsev muaj nyob rau. Yuav kom tiv thaiv cov princely residences rebuilt lub Kremlin. Ntauwd ntawm lub Moscow Kremlin tau ua ntawm kev xaiv ntawm ntoo qhib, tab sis cov ntoo vaj tse twb luv luv-lived, feem ntau hlawv thiab muab los ntawm lub dej nyab.
Pib los ntawm 1367, qhov hais kom ua ntawm tub huabtais Dmitry Donskoy Kremlin pib ua mus nyob rau hauv lub dawb pob zeb coquina. "Dawb pob zeb" yog hu ua keeb kwm ntawm lub sij hawm Moscow. Txawm li cas los, lub pob zeb muab tau lub cev tsis kho cov ntaub ntawv uas, tsis tiv dej nyab qab lawj "floated" thiab tsaus muag. Nws thiaj li, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-xyoo pua 15th, ib pab pawg neeg ntawm Italian architects nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm Antonio Solari pib rau qhov kev siv ntawm ib tug tshiab Kremlin li cov tub rog tiv thaiv, unprecedented nyob rau hauv lawv cov fortress ntawm lub hwj chim, ib tug impregnable citadel. Khoom liab cib deification tau raug xaiv, thiab tus pej thuam ntawm tus Moscow Kremlin los ntawm cov dawb pib tig reddish-xim av.
Siv cov kev faib txuas ntxiv kom txog thaum 1495. nees nkaum yees tau ua - mus plaub thiab kaum tiv thaiv. Yees koom los ntawm nees nkaum jagged phab ntsa nrog loopholes. Tag nrho ntev ntawm cov phab ntsa yog "sib ntaus sib tua hauv chav kawm," nyob rau hauv uas cov tub rog tau mus tau los ntawm pej thuam mus rau ntauwd. Niaj hnub no Moscow Kremlin tsis txawv los ntawm ua rau pua xyoo dhau los. Cov tib pej thuam thiab lub tib phab ntsa. Tsuas yog nws tsis tau kom tiav raws li lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ib tug fortress rau ua yeeb ncuab tawm tsam, raws li ib tug grandiose monument ntawm artistic thiab keeb kwm muaj nqis.
Moscow Kremlin ua nyob rau hauv tus duab ntawm ib qho lus daim duab peb sab, ib sab ntawm uas, East, overlooks lub Red Square. Tag nrho cov yees ntawm lub Moscow Kremlin merged mus rau hauv ib tug. Lub ntsiab ntauwd - Spassky - nyob ib sab mus rau lub St. Basil lub Cathedral. Thaum lub opposite kawg ntawm liab Square, tiv thaiv ib tug keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej, nyob proeznaya Nikolskaya pej thuam. Alexander vaj stretches raws qaum teb hnub poob sab ntawm lub Kremlin. Ib tug ces kaum Vodovzvodnaya Ntauwd muab sawv Moskvoretskaya sab qab teb kab, nrog rau thaum xaus nyob rau hauv Beklemishev round pej thuam. Qhov nruab nrab txoj kab yog Alexander thib ob loj tshaj plaws kev Trinity ntauwd uas yog kev cob cog rua rau lub pej thuam Kutafia cais ceg ntawm lub zuag qhia tag nrho Circuit Court Kremlin. Ib txhia yees ntawm lub Moscow Kremlin twb tsis pub leejtwg paub underground nqe vaj lug kub.
Nyob sab hauv ntawm ib ncig ntawm lub Moscow Kremlin cathedrals muaj nyob rau ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj square. Muaj tsuas yog peb. Assumption Cathedral, qhov twg ib zaug crowned vaj ntxwv ntawm Lavxias teb sab thiab ua lub qhuas tsa ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntau dua cov txiv plig. Qhov kawg nyob rau hauv lub Assumption Cathedral twb crowned Czar Nicholas Ob, nws yog nyob rau hauv 1886. Cathedral ua nyob rau hauv 1479 los ntawm kws kes duab vajtse Aristotle Fioravanti. Assumption Cathedral robbed thiab sim ua kom puas lub cov tub rog Napoli nyob rau hauv 1812. Ib puas xyoo tom qab lub cathedral twb puas thaum lub sij hawm lub revolutionary uprising nyob rau hauv 1917.
Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau Cathedral Square ntawm lub Moscow Kremlin yog lub Cathedral ntawm lub Annunciation, ua nyob rau hauv 1489 los ntawm architects los ntawm Pskov. Lub tsev teev ntuj twb xeeb raws li ib tug princely lub tsev teev ntuj thiab tau ntev tau txais kev pab raws li ib lub tuam tsev rau lub Moscow princes. Tyablovym nto moo qub iconostasis, lub icons uas sau Andrei Rublev thiab Theophanes lub Greek. Cathedral ntawm tus Annunciation kuj zoo heev raug kev txom nyem thaum lub sij hawm shelling ntawm lub Kremlin lub artillery nyob rau hauv 1917.
Muaj, nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj square, attracts xim nrog nws zoo kawg li architecture thawj tubtxib saum ntuj Cathedral, ua nyob rau hauv 1509 nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub qub cathedral tus siv nyob rau hauv 1333. Nyob rau hauv lub dhau los lawm, lub tsev teev ntuj yog lub qhov ntxa ntawm cov Moscow rulers, thaum nws muaj ib tug necropolis. Ib tug tag nrho ntawm tsib caug-plaub burial tsev teev ntuj. Tsar Alexis thiab Ivan Kalita, Ivan Grozny thiab Mikhail Fedorovich. Nyob rau hauv 1929, lub tsev teev ntuj seem ntawm princesses thiab niam vaj ntxwv ntawm lub Ascension Monastery tau kis. Tag nrho cov cathedrals ntawm lub Kremlin yog tam sim no ua hauj lwm zoo thiab yog txawm tsev cia puav pheej exposition load thaum mus xyuas lawv delegations.
Nyob rau hauv lub Moscow Kremlin yog lub Armory - ib tug loj thiab tseem ceeb heev tsev cia puav pheej nrog ib tug uas nws kim heev sau los ntawm tsawg teev ntawm 17-20 centuries. Heev heev exhibition halls paub qhua nrog lub neej thiab tus kheej lub neej ntawm Lavxias teb sab tsars. Coaches rau cov nom mus ncig ua si thiab yooj yim phab xis, nees harnesses nrog nyiaj notches, nees harnesses, muaj koob muaj npe tableware, diav, tais diav, muaj ntau txhiab khoom nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm. Lub Armory kuj yog ib tug sau los ntawm tej hauj lwm los ntawm tus naas ej lub tsev hais plaub jeweller Karla Faberzhe. Cais exposition hais Easter qe los ntawm Faberge.