Miv dev mub - Lavxias teb sab txuj ci tseem ceeb

Nws yog tsis zoo li hais tias yuav muaj cov neeg uas tsis paub nrog cov keeb kwm ntawm Lefty miv dev mub. Taleas ntawm ntse heev NS Leskov, luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1881 (ib daim ib tsab - 1882), yog muaj nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv cov ntaub ntawv kawm. Qhov no ua hauj lwm muab lub hauv paus rau ib tug zoo kawg nkaus animated zaj duab xis "Lefty". Cov kev qhia "rau khau ib tug dev mub," nkag mus hauv lub lexicon, thiab tau tuaj mus rau txhais li cas ib tug zoo kev txawj Lavxias teb sab craftsmen.

ingenious cov ntawv tseeb

"Ib tug taleas ntawm Tula oblique Lefty thiab ib tug steel dev mub," sau ib tug zoo nkauj witty lus yog ib qho yooj yim nyeem ntawv, thiab cov poignant zaj dab neeg txog ib tug ci ntsa iab yourselfers tsis tawm ab tsi kiag li rau leej twg. Zaj dabneeg yog li nkag mus rau hauv lub neej tiag tiag, neeg feem coob tsis nrum ntseeg nyob rau seb puas muaj yog ib tug tiag tiag-lub neej legendary Lefty tseem muaj tom qab lub khau ib tug dev mub. Nws yog ib heev disappointing uas cov neeg handyman thiab lub txiaj ntsim ntawm nws ua hauj lwm rau - nws yog ib lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ib tug ci ntsa iab lub tswv yim Nikolai Semenovich Leskov. Rau sab laug-hander tsis muaj nyob, cov ntaub ntawv lees tias qhov tseeb ntawm steel horseshoes English Miniatures thiab nws ntxiv kis tau tus mob mus ces, dhau lawm, nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag yog.

Heev tsim western engineering lub tswv yim

Txawm li cas los, miv dev mub, uas tau ua ib lub cim zoo Lavxias teb sab craftsmen nyob rau hauv lub muaj (thiab tsis yog ib), tab sis nws muaj tag nrho lub nrws twb npaum li cas tom qab tshaj cov txheej xwm piav nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg. Ua tau, lub taleas - ib tug continuation ntawm lub assertion ua M. V. Lomonosovym, "thiab yuav muaj Newtons Lavxias teb sab teb chaws rau muab yug." Tej yam me me hlau dev mub txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm mechanics, twb yuav los ntawm lub British Lavxias teb sab Tsar, Napoleon yeej. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, ua cov cim cov khoom thiab Alexander kuv muaj ib tug hint, thiab ib tug reproach: "tab sis peb tseem smarter thiab zoo dua li koj."

Txiaj ntsim zoo rov qab

Miv dev mub - cov lus teb yog "ua neeg khav theeb tus neeg nyob ze." Ib tug me me kab seev cev yog miv. Txawm li cas los, dev mub nres seev cev vim hais tias ntawm lub heev ntawm tus taw - Lavxias teb sab craftsmen "universities tsis tiav." Yuav kom to taub nyog reciprocal khoom plig, nws yog tsim nyog los xav txog tej yam qhov zoo ntawm dev mub. Ua tau, tawm ntawm tag nrho cov no me ntsis txaus nyiam dluab tsuas xav nyob rau hauv ib tug fact - nws muaj rau ob txhais ceg. Tag nrho rau Lefty thiab nws ob tug khub thiab miv. Cov me horseshoes raug ntiab mus rau hauv lub coj kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm cloves. Raws li zaj dab neeg, tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm nrog cov hlau kab Lavxias teb sab craftsmen tau ua yam uas tsis muaj "tinyscope" vim hais tias lawv tau muaj tus lub qhov muag, raws li feem ntau sab laug-hander, "zeroed."

ingenious tsab

Shaken Engineers Albion tau caw craftsmen los qhia koj tus kheej. Qhov tseeb coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag. Lavxias teb sab caj npab lawm masters los ntawm Tula AM Surnina caw mus ces mus kawm ntawv, qhov chaw uas nws sai sai tiav paub thiab los ua ib tug pab cuam rau tus tswv ntawm ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm los ntawm Henry Nock. Surnina, uas mus kawm nyob rau hauv ces ib puas xyoo ua ntej sau ntawv ci ntsa iab taleas, yuav luag tag nrho cov kws txawj ntseeg tau tsab Lefty, tab sis yog nws txoj hmoo yog npaum li cas zoo siab txoj hmoo ntawm cov khoom hauv lub hero. A. M. Surnin, leej twg tuag nyob rau hauv 1811, nws rov qab mus rau nws haiv neeg Tulu, coj ib tug zoo ncej nyob rau hauv lub zos caj npab Hoobkas. Qhov no wizard tau ua ib qho zoo kawg npaum li cas rau qhov kev siv ntawm cutting-edge uas nyob rau hauv lub British caj npab lawm nyob rau hauv Russia, uas ua si ib tug loj luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub yeej ntawm Lavxias teb sab caj npab hauv lub Patriotic ua tsov ua rog ntawm 1812. Nws prowess yog legendary, uas tau sau ntawv lub tswv yim Leskov piav qhia txog lub fascinating lub neej ntawm Tula gunsmiths tau surprise nrog nws kev txawj txawv teb chaws thiab yeej tsim ib yam dab tsi uas haum lub ntsiab txhais ntawm ib tug Lavxias teb sab txuj ci tseem ceeb.

"Yog tsis muaj yaj saub nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej lub teb chaws"

Tsis muaj lub zem lo lus craftsman muaj xws txhais li adept, tswv ntawm txhua trades thiab ib tug creator. Khoom Lavxias teb sab craftsmen nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov crafts, muaj ntau ntau yam, tab sis ob peb paub lub npe. Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub siab dua strata ntawm cov haiv neeg thiab domestic khoom, lub zos craftsmen tsis tau muaj nyob rau hauv siab esteem, thiab tag nrho cov txawv teb chaws extolled mus rau lub skies. Yog thawj domestic chav engine Cherepanov cov kwv tij - tsis Lavxias teb sab txuj ci tseem ceeb?

Cov ntse heev tiag tiag craftsman, khau ib tug dev mub

Tiam sis rov qab rau khau ib tug dev mub. Cov khoom no muaj ua ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm kev txawj. Thiab nws mus tsis tau hais tias Lavxias teb sab craftsmen twb destined mus cuag cov txuj no thiab khau ib tug dev mub. Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm nws tau nqa tawm ib lub zoo artist Nikolai Sergeyevich Aldunin, leej twg tuag nyob rau hauv 2009. Qhov no virtuoso horseshoes sau ib tug tiag tiag sib sib zog nqus pw tsaug zog, ib tug dev mub. Tham txog qhov no masterpiece, uas nws tus kheej Aldunin tsis tau (qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm nws kev kawm nws ntseeg microforms ntawm lub T-34 tank, hoisted rau lub noob), dua koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov yuav ua li cas zoo li ib tug dev mub. Paws lawv ntxhuav xwm horseshoe unintended. Amazing tswv txiav plaub hau, claws muab tshem tawm thiab ua rau cov lightest horseshoes kub ntawm 999 kev ntsuam xyuas. Lawv yog cov me me, koj muaj peev xwm xav txog tej yam kev nyeem ntawv nram qab no ntaub ntawv: ib gram ntawm kub yuav ua tau 22 lab xws podkovok. Yog tsis yog hais tias ci ntsa iab?

Fairy taleas tuaj tseeb

Craftsman, miv dev mub nyob nrog peb nyob rau tib lub sij hawm. Nws muaj amazing masterpieces, uas yog tsis yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas thiab feem ntau yuav sib tham txog nyob rau hauv cov xov xwm. Tag nrho nws cov hauj lwm uas tsis tau tsuas yog tsis haum qhov loj ntawm lub taub hau, tab sis kuj lub fact tias lawv yog caij nyoog replicas ntawm cov kev kuaj, raws li zoo raws li, ntawm chav kawm, kev zoo nkauj thiab kev tshav ntuj. Qhov no yog qhov tiag creator thiab ntse heev Lavxias teb sab craftsman, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nqa tawm lub fabrication Leskov.

Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Miniatures

Nyob rau hauv pioneer, raws li ib tug txoj cai, thiab yog successors. Thiab tam sim no lub khau ib tug dev mub, zoo li ib tug caravan ntawm cov ntxhuav nyob rau hauv koob lub qhov muag, yuav tsum tsis muaj kev txawj microminiature. Tam sim no nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg qhib lub tsev khaws puav pheej "Lavxias teb sab laug-hander" nyob rau hauv lub ruaj khov collections ntawm uas yog 60 teev, nyob rau hauv lawv, ntawm chav kawm, muaj cov saum toj no-hais piv txwv ntawm ci ntsa iab perfection microminiature kev txawj. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub tshuav nyiaj li cas thiab ib lub rose thiab ib phau ntawv rau ib tug seem ntawm ib tug poppy noob. Khau ib tug dev mub nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej occupies ib tug central qhov chaw, nws yog ib tug dab neeg, ib lub cim, hu Leskov.

kawm creators

Lub nto moo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab tseem ciaj sia yog microminiature A. Rykovanov (St. Petersburg), A. Konenko (Kazan), Vl. Aniskin (Omsk). Lawv ci ntsa iab ua hauj lwm muab prizes nyob rau hauv ntau thoob ntiaj teb kev sib tw. Zoo tswv Anatoly Konenko nws thawj khau ib tug dev mub hais Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin.

Cov rightful qhov chaw ntawm cia

Tab sis li cas txog cov birthplace ntawm Lefty? Ntawm no nyob rau hauv lub caj npab tsev cia puav pheej tsev tus naas ej alduninskaya khau ib tug dev mub. Tula yog zoo siab heev rau qhov no tso rau, vim hais tias nws yog tus thawj nyob rau hauv Russia wingless kab nrog horseshoes. Feem ntau cov tsis ntev los no, qhov no dab neeg no yog tsiv ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm riam phom nyob rau hauv lub "laus Tula muag tshuaj" nyob rau Lenin Avenue -. Lub nroog lub ntsiab leeg.