Mem pleev di ncauj kho kom zoo - tus thawj los mus tsim ib lub zos tus kheej-tsoom fwv nyob rau hauv Russia

Cov neeg pluag uprising nyob rau hauv 1547 kom meej meej pom qhov yuav tsum tau rau consolidation ntawm qhov kev txiav txim hauv chav kawm ntawv mus rau stabilize qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Nrog rau cov sij hawm tuaj txog ntawm cov neeg tshiab nyob rau hauv tsoom fwv Ivana Groznogo nyob vajvoog, uas yog hu ua cov xaiv Rada. Nws cov neeg sawv cev: AF Adashev, lub pov thawj Sylvester thiab lub Metropolitan Macarius - nyiam tus loj tshaj cawv rau Ivana Groznogo, enabling lawv mus ua hauj lawm ntawm kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub system ntawm pej xeem koom haum saib xyuas.

keeb kwm cov ntsiab lus teb

Exacerbation ntawm kev sib raug teeb meem ntawm lub siab thiab qis kawm ntawv yeej ib txwm hais nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob thiab nce tus naj npawb ntawm uprisings thiab ntaus. Suppress lawv yog tau yog hais tias tag nrho los yog tshem tawm yog dab tsi worries lub masses. Yog li, di ncauj tau reformed nyob rau hauv lub XVI xyoo pua, uas dhau ib co ntawm cov kev khiav dej num ntawm deputies thiab cov neeg sawv cev volosteley tshiab ncej - laus. Xaiv lawv, nws tau txiav txim siab los ntawm cov boyars 'cov me nyuam, thiab los pab muab nplua nuj peasants, uas deprived lub masses ntawm lub ntsiab "sponsors" nyob rau hauv sib ntaus tawm tsam kev tsis ncaj ncees. Mem pleev di ncauj kho kom zoo tso cai rau txiav txim cov chav kawm siv lub tshiab khiv tsim cai rau suppress lub peasants thiab servile has lug hab.

nrhav

Ivan Grozny nce lub zwm txwv ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm peb, yog li hauv thawj xyoo ntawm nws txoj cai tau txuam nrog tus tawm tsam ntawm lub ntau yam boyar tog rau cawv rau cov tub ntxhais Grand Duke. Nyob rau hauv 1538 cov kho kom zoo twb launched mem pleev di ncauj. Nws twb qhia tiv thaiv cov governors uas tiv thaiv Glinski. Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub nroog tsim lub koog tsev kawm ntawv, coj los ntawm cov txwj laus. Ua ke nrog cov raug xaiv ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov neeg ua teb Sotk desyatskimi thiab lawv tiv thaiv nrog tub sab tub nyiag thiab tub sab tub nyiag, kev txheeb xyuas "neeg phem". Mem pleev di ncauj kho kom zoo los txhawb kev txwj quas laug mus nqa tawm kev tshawb nrhiav thiab cov tua ntawm pom tias criminals, tab sis nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag - cia li rau txim rau undesirable. Tom qab lub uprising nyob rau hauv Moscow tiv thaiv Glinsky ntawm lub tsev hais plaub pib mus tsim ib tug tshiab tsoom fwv. Nyob rau hauv 1549 tus huab tais hais lus rau lub capital nobles thiab cov npis sov denouncing abuses ntawm lub nobles thiab cov governors, thiab tsis muaj dab tsi mem pleev di ncauj kho kom zoo Ivana Groznogo. Qhov no lub rooj sib tham yog thawj lub rooj sib tham ntawm lub Zemsky Sobor yog thaum pib ntawm lub tshiab chaw hloov.

Hoob no ntawm transformation

Twb tau nyob rau hauv lub 1540s mem pleev di ncauj kho kom zoo nws twb tau siv nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov cheeb tsam ntawm Russia, thiab cov thawj daim ntawv pov nyob rau hauv 1539. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv Moscow tsim kev txiav txim siab tsis ncaj, tus uas tau raug muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub saib xyuas ntawm cov kev ua ub ntawm tshiab lub cev. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov XVI Lavxias teb sab ua lub qub txeeg qub tes-tus neeg sawv cev monarchy, uas muab ntxiv impetus mus rau lub kev loj hlob ntawm labial nruab nrog cev thiab ua rau lawv ib yam ntawm cov thaum ntxov niaj hnub tsoom fwv hauv zos counterparts. Yog li, di ncauj kho kom zoo Ivana Groznogo teem ib lub precedent rau ntxiv ua tus powers ntawm lub county coj noj coj ua, uas pab rau reorganize lub peasantry. yog raug xaiv cob moos yuav cov phoojywg tswv xeev nyob rau hauv ib puas xyoo.

Mem pleev di ncauj thiab Zemstvo kho kom zoo - ib zajlus kom continuation tawm kev hloov. Xaiv lub zos nobles txwj laus (feem ntau cov laus servitors) yog zoo npaum li cas kom paub cov kev lis kev cai thiab kev txaus siab ntawm nws koog tsev kawm ntawv, li ntawd, peb yuav zoo tswj lub pawg neeg thaj av entrusted rau lawv.