Malbork Tsev fuabtais, Poland: hauj lwm, keeb kwm, attractions thiab nthuav tseeb

Nyob rau hauv teb chaws Poland, nws yog tus loj tshaj plaws fortress nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe, ua nyob rau hauv lub Gothic style. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm lub tib lub npe thiab yog ib tug heev nplua nuj keeb kwm yav tag los. Nws yog ib tug qub peev ancient cov Teutonic Order. Qhov no kuj ceeb tias txaus nyiam Malbork Tsev fuabtais yog hu ua, nws yog muab teev nyob rau hauv lub UNESCO daim ntawv teev.

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb lub npe ntawm no lossis loj tsev fuabtais: Malbork los yog Marienburg? Nyob rau hauv teb chaws Poland thiab nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees nws yog? Yuav ua li cas yuav pom nyob rau hauv thiab nyob rau hauv nws ncig? Cov tsab xov xwm muaj ib tug piav qhia ntawm lub nroog thiab nws cov ntsiab attractions.

Luv luv keeb kwm ntaub ntawv

Malbork entrenched rau lwm version ntawm lub npe, German - Marienburg txij ancient tsev fuabtais tau txais kev pab raws li lub peev ntawm lub German (Teutonic) Order.

Malbork - Tsev fuabtais, uas nws keeb kwm hnub rov qab xya centuries dhau los, thaum tub huabtais Konrad Mazovetsky Poland thov mus rau lub Knights kev pab Teutons. Lawv yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm cov raids ntawm lub pagan Prussian pab pawg neeg Polish pawg neeg thaj av thiab yuam tus yeeb ncuab yuav tsum tau ua kevcai raus dej. Pope yuav foom koob hmoov tau muab los ntawm Roman mus rau lub kev sawv ntxeev tiv thaiv Prussia, nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog cov uas nws muab ib tug cai ( "Golden Bull") uas muab txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev txiav txim nyob rau hauv lub Baltic knights.

Tab sis yog thaj av uas tau kov yeej lub Teutons, dhau nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm lub zwm txwv ntawm cov Pope, lub Knights muaj lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv cov chaw tag nrho cov tswv. Lawv coj tswj ntawm tag nrho cov Baltic ntug dej hiav txwv, lawv tsawm rau lub kov yeej ib cheeb tsam, thiab brutally suppressed tag nrho ces paganism. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, cov neeg uas muaj ib tug ntev li keeb kwm (Prussia) twb yuav luag tag pov tseg. Nyob rau hauv lub kov yeej pawg neeg thaj av ntawm lub Polish Knights lub tsev lawv ciam teb fortresses.

Teutonic Knights nyob rau hauv 1274 thiab pw lub hauv paus ntawm lub piav xauv. Tom qab ntawd nws hu ua Marienburg tom qab tus ntxhais nkauj xwb Mary. Nyob rau hauv cia li ib tug ob peb xyoos nyob rau hauv qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm lub ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm tus dej Nogat nce 4-storey tsev uas muaj ntau barracks, npaj rau lub Knights, thiab nyob rau hauv 1280 nws tsawm knight convention.

Ua ntej peb yuav piav qhia txog nyob rau hauv ntau yam Malbork Tsev fuabtais, luv luv hais lub nroog nyob rau hauv uas muaj yog no zoo kawg li keeb kwm kwv.

nroog Malbork

Nws yog ib tug me me hauv lub zos ancient nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb hauv teb chaws Poland, nyob rau hauv lub delta. Wisla. Nws yog nyob 130 km ntawm lub nroog ntawm Torun thiab 70 km ntawm lub nroog ntawm Gdansk, nyob ze ntawm lub ciam teb nrog rau Kaliningrad cheeb tsam. Nws German lub npe - Marienburg. Malbork yog paub feem ntau rau tus naas ej historic tsev fuabtais Marienburg.

Txawm tias lub nroog provincialism thiab nws kuj loj me me, nws attracts ib tug ntau ntawm tourists ntawm no vim hais tias ntawm nws cov nplua nuj centuries-laus keeb kwm thiab cim cua ntawm chivalry. Lub nroog nws tus kheej yog charming thiab txaus nyiam. Qhov twg koj yuav tsis txhob rau hmo ntuj, thiab cia li poob rau hauv rau ib hnub mus taug kev los ntawm cov fortress thiab saib lub Malbork tsev fuabtais, uas yog nyob rau yuav luag nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub nroog. Nyob ze ntawm lub tsev fuabtais muaj yog ib tug zoo them chaw nres tsheb, uas yog nyob ze ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm daim pib qhov twg koj yuav tau daim pib rau lub fortress.

fortress Tsev khaws puav pheej

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1454-1466 ntawm lub Teutonic Knights thiab lub Tug waged ib tug ntev tsug kaum peb lub xyoo tsov rog. Nws yeej ib tug yeej nyob rau hauv teb chaws Poland, nqa rov qab ib co ntawm lawv ntes ua ntej lawm, av, li no tau nkag mus rau lub hiav txwv Baltic. Marienburg Tsev fuabtais nyob rau hauv 1457 tau muag rau Casimir IV Jagiellon (Polish monarchs) rau kub (665 kg), thiab txij thaum ntawd los nws tau tsis muaj tsev nyob rau hauv lub koom haum saib xyuas ntawm tus huab tais.

Leej twg los nyob rau hauv 1772 rau faiv fab tso lub Prussians hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv lub tsev fuabtais rau hauv ib tug tub rog warehouse. Cov fortress heev phem heev puas nyob rau hauv 1945 (ntau tshaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov yav tas los centuries 7). Tom qab ob ntiaj teb rog, tag nrho cov qauv tau rebuilt. Niaj hnub no Malbork Tsev fuabtais nyob rau hauv teb chaws Poland yog ib tug haib cib ntsa nrog ib tug gabled yees yog thaws rov los nyob rau hauv qhov dej ntawm tus Nogat River.

Nyob rau hauv lub tsev fuabtais chaw yog ib tug tsev cia puav pheej, uas yog ib tug nplua nuj sau ntawm armor, riam phom thiab ornaments ua los ntawm amber. Feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub tsev fuabtais yog ib lub koom haum khoom siv tes ua fairs, concerts thiab exciting theatrical nrug, dramatized capture Malbork.

piav qhia

Malbork - lub tsev fuabtais, uas yog qhov loj tshaj plaws cib tsev uas tsim los ntawm tib neeg txhais tes. Nws occupies ib thaj tsam ntawm txog 21 hectares. Yees yog tsim thiab ua tau nrog cov tshwj xeeb pab kiag li lawm rau qhov yooj yim ntawm shooting phom.

Qhov no complex yog suav tias yog lub feem ntau nthuav thiab nrov chaw nyob rau hauv lub nroog rau cov tourists. Lub cim greatness ntawm nws muaj feem xyuam rau kiag li txhua leej txhua tus. Malbork loj loj complex muaj 3 castles: Middle, Upper thiab Lower. Cov feem nrov yog lub Upper Tsev fuabtais, yog lub monastery nyob qhov twg cov monks nyob knights. Surrounded los ntawm defensive phab ntsa rau tag nrho cov sab, lub tsev fuabtais yog nyob rau ntawm lub tsev txhab nyiaj rau ntawm tus dej. Nyob ze khawb deep kwj.

Nthuav cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws yog lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St .. Anna (burial ntawm tus poj masters) thiab lub Koom Txoos ntawm St .. Virgin Mary. Nruab nrab Malbork tsev fuabtais ua nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub qub Superior Court. Nws yog ib zaug cov nom tswv thiab thawj tswj centre ntawm lub Teutonic Knights, qhov twg lub knights sau los ntawm tag nrho cov teb chaws ntawm teb chaws Europe. Niaj hnub no, muaj cov chav rau managers thiab ua hauj lwm ntawm Poland.

Nws kuj ciav rau nws cov cim kev zoo nkauj loj refectory, nrog nws zoo kawg li openwork architecture, uas zoo nkauj arched vaults. Muaj kuj yog ib tug lub tsev kho mob rau cov neeg laus thiab muaj mob monks-knights. Lower Tsev fuabtais (los yog predzamok) yog npaj feem rau tsev neeg xav tau kev pab.

Nyob rau hauv lub npe nrov Armory tshaaj tub rog wagons thiab phom. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub tsev fuabtais muaj ib tug casting vaj, smithy, tsev ua npiav thiab nkuaj nyug nees.

Teev nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub yav dhau los

Yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv ntau heev interesting teev Malbork tsev fuabtais. Tourists los no nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw twg, yuav tau tshawb qhov tsev rau lawv tus kheej thiab lub fortress, thiab ib tug gallery nrog ib tug xav paub sau. Feem ntau, tag nrho cov hauj ib feem ntawm ib pab pawg neeg ncig saib yuav siv sij hawm plaub teev lub sij hawm. Tourists tau ntsib nrog tus nplua nuj keeb kwm ntawm Malbork tsev fuabtais.

Ntawm no koj yuav pom tseeb yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm ancient npib. Tourists yuav pom ib tug txiv neej nyob rau hauv mediaeval khaub ncaws embossing npib rau lawv ob lub qhov muag. Ntawm no koj yuav tau me ntsis nyiaj zoo kawg nkaus khoom plig - hnab uas muaj cov nyiaj npib.

Amazing shocking spectacle ntawm thiab halls (lag) ntawm tus poj masters: cannonball kos nyob rau hauv lub phab ntsa, tau ya mus rau lub tsev fuabtais thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua (nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm muaj zaum ib tug council ua tsov ua rog). Feem ntau cov nthuav yog hais tias, yog hais tias tus tseem tau txais mus rau hauv lub kem (ib tug tuav lub xauv), lub txim uas yuav disastrous. Unforgettable tswv yim thiab zoo theatrical nrug: "tua hluav taws thiab Ntaj", "Lub teeb thiab suab", "Deposition ntawm Malbork". Qhov tseem spectacular yog qhov tseeb.

Yuav ua li cas tau mus rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej?

Cov tsev khaws puav pheej "Malbork" nyob rau hauv teb chaws Poland yog ib qho yooj yim mus cuag. Los ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau qhov chaw nres tsheb ntawm lub nroog ntawm Malbork mus rau nws rau txog 15 feeb. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm thaum twg kiosk ntawm txoj kev, koj muaj peev xwm coj ib tug dawb phau ntawv no nrog rau tag nrho cov tsim nyog neeg mus ncig tebchaws cov ntaub ntawv thiab koj yuav tau ib ke-lus qhia rau Malbork, uas yuav pab tau taug kev los ntawm lub tsev fuabtais nyob ib leeg, tsis muaj ib daim ntawv qhia. Muaj ntau siv lub sij hawm no vim qhov tseeb hais tias, raws li sau tseg saum toj no, ib tug txheej txheem pab pawg neeg excursion ntev li 4 h.

Daim pib no yog muag nyob rau kev nkag mus rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej complex. Tej neeg mus ncig tebchaws yuav tau mus rau Malbork tsev fuabtais (Poland). Cov nqi pib yog hais txog 10 euros. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias muaj tshwj xeeb rau tsev neeg daim pib, uas raug nqi npaum li cas tsawg tshaj yog hais tias coj nyias rau txhua yam ntawm nws cov tswv cuab.

Lub tsev fuabtais yog tsev qhib rau qhua tag nrho cov xyoo puag ncig: los ntawm Lub kaum hli ntuj 1 mus rau lub Plaub Hlis 30, los ntawm 9 am mus rau 15 teev, los ntawm Tej zaum 1 mus rau Cuaj hlis 30 yog qhib los ntawm 9 am mus rau 17 teev tsaus ntuj. Ncig saib lub sij hawm tej zaum hloov. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias demonstrations nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab yog tsis nqa tawm.

nthuav qhov tseeb

Mas qhov tseeb hais tias tus Teutons yog tib yam vim rau lub fact tias lawv twb tshaj tawm txog lub cult ntawm tus ntxhais nkauj xwb Mary, soj ntsuam feem vows ntawm kev mloog lus, kev coj dawb huv, tab sis yog tej zaum zam cov kev txwv.

Thaum lub tsev fuabtais yog yuav tsum tau mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub chav ua noj ua noj, thiab ces tus knights nug rau kev tso cai mus rau lub Pope. Li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lem, muab lub nod, tab sis nrog cov mob uas lub fortress yuav coj ib tug poj niam hnub nyoog 60 xyoo. Lub Germans, nyob rau rog xav txog, ntiav tse 3, txhua tus uas yog tsuas yog cia li 20 xyoo.

Malbork - Tsev fuabtais Ghosts

Muaj ntau legends yog txuam nrog rau lub xauv. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov dab ntawm ib tug poj niam nyob rau hauv lub monastery. Cov kev sib tham, yog tus ntsuj plig ntawm lub Polish ntxhais huabtais. Nws xav cawm nws tus txiv, neeg raug txhom knights. Hnav khaub ncaws nyob rau hauv cov khaub ncaws nuns, nws ntse mus rau hauv lub tsev fuabtais, tab sis lub lwj liam poj niam sai sai raug thiab Nations lawv rau txim rau nws ciaj sia immured nyob rau hauv lub phab ntsa.

Txij thaum ntawd los, nws tu siab dab wanders hauv lub halls ntawm lub tsev fuabtais nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm ib tug neeg hlub ib tug. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias ib tug uas pom lub ghostly ntxhais fuabtais yuav muaj kev zoo siab nyob rau hauv kev hlub. Nws yog tsis tsim nyog yuav ntshai.

xaus

Tab sis yog nws yog ib qhov nyuaj, saib lub loj loj ib ncig ntawm tam sim no tsev fuabtais, los xav txog tej yam, tab sis nws siv tau los yuav txawm loj. Keeb kwm tsis spare Malbork, vim hais tias nws qhov ntev yog txo yuav luag ob zaug.