Lwm yam ntawm cov suab paj nruas lus dab neeg. Yuav ua li cas lwm yam ntawm pej xeem cov suab paj nruag nyob?

Folk kos duab yog tseem cia nrog, thiab yog multifaceted nyob rau hauv cov xwm yog intimately kev cob cog rua nrog lub suab paj nruas pib. Li no zoo kawg ntau yam thiab muaj ntau haiv neeg cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv uas lub lwm yam ntawm pej xeem cov suab paj nruag qhia.

Yuav ua li cas yog lus dab neeg?

Lus dab neeg hu ua pej xeem kos duab. Nws yog suab paj nruag, cov paj huam, ua yeeb yam, seev cev, uas tau tsim los ntawm cov neeg thiab yog zoo kev cob cog nrog tus sawv, kev cai dab qhuas kev ntseeg, tej kab ke, kev lis kev cai thiab keeb kwm.

Lo lus "dab neeg" muaj English hauv paus hniav thiab translates li "pej xeem kev txawj ntse". Los ntawm lawv qhov, lus dab neeg yog ntau haiv neeg thiab muaj xws li tales, legends, legends, myths xwb, paj lug, charms, omens, ntau yam txoj kev divination, tag nrho cov hom ntawm ceremonies, dancing thiab ntau npaum li cas. Nws yog tsab, tab sis kuj ranked li lus dab neeg kwv huam, lus sib dhos thiab cov zajlus. Ib tug ib hom ntawv nyeem ntawm pej xeem cov suab paj nruag yog ib tug ntawm daim ntawm pej xeem kos duab.

Ib hom ntawv nyeem -?

Peb twb hais ob peb zaug (nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog lub tswvyim ntawm lus dab neeg), lo lus "ib hom ntawv nyeem", tab sis yog dab tsi yog meant yog? Ib hom ntawv nyeem - daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom yus muaj los ntawm tej yam ntxwv ntawm daim ntawv thiab cov ntsiab lus. Txhua hom ntawv nyeem muaj nws lub hom phiaj, hom ntawm cov hav zoov (xws li, qhov ncauj los sis sau ntawv) thiab kev kawm (kev hu nkauj, recitation, ua yeeb yam, thiab hais txog). Cov nram qab no lwm yam yuav pabneeg li ib qho piv txwv: ib tug symphony, ib tug song, ib tug txhiab, taleas, zaj dabneeg, tej phau ntawv, thiab lwm yam

Yuav ua li cas yog hu ua pej xeem suab paj nruag?

Ua ntej tshuaj ntsuam cov lwm yam ntawm cov suab paj nruas lus dab neeg, koj yuav tsum to taub hais tias yog hais txog cov suab paj nruas pej xeem kos duab.

Folk music - qhov no yog qhov creativity ntawm cov neeg, uas yog qhia nyob rau hauv suab, instrumental los yog suab-instrumental daim ntawv. Feem ntau nws tshwm sim tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhov ncauj daim ntawv thiab yog dhau los ntawm ib tug artist mus rau lwm lub. Nws ntev preservation ntawm cov neeg Lus dab neeg yuam ua hauj lwm rau gifted and talented performers, uas yog hu ua los ntawm txawv haiv neeg nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev: psaltery players, minstrels, ashugs, Spielmann, kobzars etc.

Yog li ntawd, dab tsi yog qhov yam ntawm pej xeem cov suab paj nruag? Yuav pib nrog, tias tag nrho cov lwm yam ntawm lus dab neeg music-txog, yuav tsum tau muab faib mus rau hauv peb lub ntsiab txawj xaiv: epic (ib tug piav qhia ntawm tej txheej xwm muaj feem xyuam rau lub keeb kwm), ua yeeb yam (nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm lub ntsiab qhov chaw yuav siv sij hawm nyhuv) thiab lyrics (lub narrative yog raws li nyob rau hauv txoj kev xav ).

Tsis tas li ntawd lus dab neeg lwm yam raug muab faib raws li cov hom tiav: solo (odnogolosoe) cov khaub ncaws ntau, lub suab qw thiab orchestral.

Qhov ntau ntawm cov suab paj nruas lus dab neeg

Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau enumerate tag nrho cov uas twb muaj lawm lwm yam ntawm pej xeem cov suab paj nruag raws li lawv muaj ntau haiv neeg yog zoo heev. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov emergence ntawm ib tug tshiab hom ntawm cov seev cev, song los yog zaj dab neeg yog xam tau tias yog ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib hom ntawv nyeem, zoo li ib tug nkauj, seev cev, suab xaus sib dhos, caddis ya, epic, carols, etc.

Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau xws li ib tug ntau yam ntawm nrov music nws yog suav tias yog ib tug ncaj qha kev txuas mus rau tib neeg lub neej. Tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm rau, kev cai dab qhuas thiab tsev neeg lub neej ntawm cov neeg nrog lawv zaj nkauj, seev cev thiab suab paj nruag. Yog li ntawd, cov nqe lus nug "dab tsi lwm yam ntawm cov suab paj nruas lus dab neeg ua ib ke" tsis muaj ib tug tseem teb. Tsim lub neej tsim thiab kos duab. Lub clearest piv txwv ntawm no kev twb kev txuas - lub rov tshwm sim ntawm proletarian zog zaj nkauj ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem.

Ua ntej ntawd, peb ntsia tag nrho cov lus dab neeg, tam sim no wb tham txog lub Lavxias teb sab cov suab paj nruas kos duab. Nws dominates song nyob ntawm no, tab sis vim yog cov ntau haiv neeg ntawm nws faib ua ob peb hom, txhua tus uas yog nws tus kheej muaj nyob rau hauv lub lwm yam ntawm cov suab paj nruas lus dab neeg. Daim ntawv teev cov hom ntawm Lavxias teb sab zaj nkauj yog impressive txaus, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm yuav conditionally muab faib raws li thematic kom pom tseeb.

Calendar thiab ritual songs

Calendar-ritual lus dab neeg yog ib tug ntawm cov hiob lwm yam. Thiab qhov no yog kev cob cog rua nrog lub fact tias tib neeg lub neej yeej ib txwm tau txuam nrog cov xwm, ces nws yuav tsum tau cajole. Yog li ntawd, yog ib tug ntau ntawm fertility festivals. Thaum cov festivals twb muaj ceremonies, nrog kev seev cev thiab nkauj. Lub tswv yim yooj yim ntawm tej rituals - los txhim kho lub welfare ntawm cov tswv teb.

Lwm yam xws li Lavxias teb sab pej xeem cov suab paj nruag thiab zaj nkauj ua thaum lub sij hawm txojkev saib hmoov. Feem ntau cov feem ntau xav raws nraim rau Svyatka, uas pib rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 25 thiab twb rau 6 Lub ib hlis ntuj. Zaj nkauj uas suab hnub no, hu ua podblyudnye thiab ua los yog nqus ntau ntau. Nws twb ntseeg tau tias cov ntawv nyeem metaphorically kwv yees rau yav tom ntej. Ntawm no yog ib tug fragment ntawm ib qho ntawm cov zaj nkauj:

"Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug txiv neej ntawm Novagoroda,

Cov txiv leej tub ib shaved nws cov hwj txwv;

Nws tej neeg siab tsis ncaj tsis ib tug tub sab, tom qab lub taus;

Tab sis rau leej twg nws yuav tuaj mus rau ib lub taub hau yuav lov.

Yuav kom tau tawm, los yuav muaj los;

Thiab leej twg yuav tuaj kom dhau, tsis feeb. Hwjchim ci ntsa iab! "

Yuav ua li cas yog qhov txawv lwm yam ntawm pej xeem cov suab paj nruag, muaj feem xyuam rau no hom tsis tau? Muaj kuj yog ib daim nkauj muaj xws li zaj nkauj uas suab ntawm kab tshoob kev kos, kev pam tuag, christenings, thaum lub sij hawm yog tau me nyuam. Koj muaj peev xwm hu tau rau kev nrhiav neeg ua zaj nkauj, uas tau ua thaum tus txiv neej pom tawm ua tsov ua rog.

Cov feem nthuav yog cov kab tshoob rituals thiab zaj nkauj txuam nrog lawv. Lawv muab faib ua peb theem, uas tej zaum yuav nyob ntev li ntawm ob peb lub lis piam mus lub hlis. Kab tshoob ceremony yuav pib nrog restore (matchmakers tuaj rau tus nkauj nyab niam thiab txiv thiab thov kom nws txhais tes), ces muaj yog daim ntawv cog lus (tus kawg daim ntawv cog lus rau cov niam txiv ntawm cov tub ntxhais ritual) thiab ua kom tiav tag nrho cov kab tshoob nws tus kheej. Tag nrho cov kauj ruam tau nrog los ntawm zaj nkauj hais tias muaj kev cuam tshuam ib tug tshwm sim thiab piav qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub rituals.

Labor thiab ua hauj lwm songs

Yog li ntawd, dab tsi yog qhov yam ntawm pej xeem cov suab paj nruag, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub saum toj no? Raws li hais saum toj no, nyob rau hauv lub dab neeg nws reflected tag nrho lub neej ntawm cov neeg, nrog rau txoj hauj lwm. Feem ntau cov nkauj tau siv kom muaj ib tug tej yam ua hauj lwm atherosclerosis, synchronization ua. Ib qho piv txwv yog tus naas ej "Dubinushka" uas ua si haulers thaum lub sij hawm kev lag luam: "I-eh-ma khiab mis attsy, dyuzhe kub! Thiab-huag! Tsis muaj leej twg, ces peb tsis mloog! Oh-huag, Dubinushka, U-Uhnem! "

Raws li rau cov neeg ua hauj, cov nkauj yog ib tug continuation ntawm kev lig kev cai ntawm lub zog ntawm dab neeg, tab sis nws tsim thiab kev loj hlob yuav tsum tau mus rau lub Lavxias teb sab proletariat.

Lwm yam Lavxias teb sab pej xeem cov suab paj nruag yog zoo txuam nrog cov keeb kwm thiab lub neej ntawm nws cov neeg. Yog li ntawd thaum nyob rau hauv lub XVIII xyoo pua thawj factories nyob rau hauv lub Urals tsuas, pib tshwm sim thiab thawj ua hauj lwm rau zaj nkauj. Yeej convicts ua hauj lwm muaj, yog li lawv lus dab neeg nyob rau hauv ntau lub tsev loj cuj-convict thiab siab neeg ua hauj lwm tsis coj cai, impunity thiab kev tsis ncaj ncees tub ceev xwm inhumanly zog ua hauj lwm. Maj mam, li cas los xij, discontent twb kis mus rau liam feem ntau ntawm cov xeev system. Thiab los ntawm tus kawg ntawm lub XIX xyoo pua lawv pib suab nyias muaj revolutionary ntxhais, thiab rau cov XX - lub hauv paus ntawm proletarian zaj nkauj pib zog tiv thaiv lub autocracy.

Txawm li cas los, ua hauj lwm zaj nkauj maj sib cais los ntawm lub dab neeg thiab ua ze zog mus rau cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no tshwm sim muaj ob peb ua. Firstly, tau pab muaj nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws pab, copyright revolutionary songs. Secondly, ntau proletarians tau txais kev kawm ntawv. Thiab, thirdly, ua hauj lwm ntau thiab ntau kom deb ntawm lub zos. Tag nrho cov no yog tau pab los ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem ntawm lub song.

limericks

Chastushka - ib tug me me Rhymed song muaj 4-6 kab. Nws yog feem ntau yog ua nyob rau ntawm ib tug ceev ceev pace, thiab piav qhia txog ib co ib tug tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm tus txiv neej. Couplets twb nrov ntawm tus nyob deb nroog pej xeem, thiab cov ua hauj lwm hauv chav kawm ntawv. Lub keeb kwm ntawm no ib hom ntawv nyeem mus nyob rau hauv lub XVIII xyoo pua, tab sis qhov loj tshaj tej chaw nws tau tiav nyob rau hauv lub XX caug xyoo.

Kawm lus sib dhos - ib tug rog xav txog ntawm lub neej nws tus kheej, feem ntau pressing thiab ceev teeb meem thiab highlights. Lub ntsiab thrust ntawm nws zaj nkauj - social, domestic los yog kev hlub.

Txoj kev tshawb no ntawm lus dab neeg nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv

Tag nrho cov tsev kawm ntawv cov kev kawm no yog tsim kom tus me nyuam yuav tau tshawb qhov yam ntawm cov suab paj nruas lus dab neeg. 5 chav kawm ntawv pib paub ntau yam txog cov yam ntawm pej xeem cov kos duab, tab sis mus kawm nws kuaj cov menyuam kawm ntawv pib nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv.

Lub haum lub ntsiab nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv theem nrab txuas ua rau cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab keeb kwm, yog li cia li kawm cov epic melodies. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov menyuam kawm ntawv nkag tau mus rau qhov yooj yim song ib hom ntawv nyeem. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm tus xib fwb hais txog lub parallels thiab kev sib txuas ntawm pej xeem cov kos duab thiab cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv yooj yim cov kev cai thiab cov rooj saab laaj.

xaus

Yog li, lub lwm yam ntawm pej xeem cov suab paj nruag, ib daim ntawv teev cov neeg uas peb tau sim ua, yog inextricably txuas nrog lub neej ntawm cov neeg. Tej kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm cov neeg los yog lub teb chaws tam sim ntawd thaws rov los nyob rau hauv lub song creation. Yog li ntawd, sau tag nrho cov lwm yam ntawm dab neeg, tsim thoob plaws hauv lub neej ntawm noob neej tsis yooj yim sua. Ntxiv mus, lub pej xeem kos duab hnub no tseem loj hlob tuaj, evolve, hloov mus rau tej yam kev mob tshiab thiab lub neej. Thiab nws yuav nyob ntev li ntev tau raws li tib neeg tshwm sim.