Lub neural raj nyob rau hauv lub fetus - nws yog thiab yuav ua li cas nws tsim?

Thaum yav tom ntej niam pom hais tias nws yog cev xeeb tub, nws lub neej yuav siv sij hawm ib yam nkaus lub ntsiab lus. Tam sim no koj yuav tau saib xyuas tsis tau tsuas yog hais txog lawv tus kheej, tab sis kuj yog ib tug me me pob, uas twb nyob rau hauv lub plawv. Tus thawj tshaj plaws yog yuav tau ua ib tug poj niam - yog mus sau npe ib tug zoo kws, uas nws tso siab rau tso siab tau nyob rau hauv lub qub chav kawm ntawm cev xeeb tub.

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, cov niam txiv tsawg kawg yog xav hais tias lawv tus me nyuam tej zaum yuav tsis tsim. Tab sis, yog hais tias tag nrho cov teeb meem nyob sab, tsis txhob tag kev cia siab. Muaj tag nrho cov ntawm koj yuav nyob rau hauv ib tug fist thiab ua txhua yam li ntawd, tias tus me nyuam tau yug los noj qab nyob zoo.

Lub neural raj nyob rau hauv lub fetus - yog dab tsi?

Muaj ntau expectant niam uas tsuas kawm txoj xov zoo txog lub cev xeeb tub, Rush mus kawm tag nrho cov muaj ntaub ntawv nyob rau tom ntej yug tus me nyuam. Yog tias thaum lawv lub qhov muag tau txais cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau lub 19-22 hnub ntawm conception yog twb pib mus rau neural raj nyob rau hauv lub fetus. Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Tom qab tag nrho, ib tug neeg laus ntawm xws li ib tug lub cev tsis muaj. Cov lus teb yog yooj yim: neural raj - yog thawj daim ntawv ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub paj hlwb, nrog rau lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum. Qhib tshee ntov - ib tug platform rau cov tsim ntawm lub anterior, nruab nrab thiab posterior zais zis.

Txaus ntshai cov kab mob uas yog tsis tau tshaj nrog lub neej

Peb to taub hais tias ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws theem nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub neej uas tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub - yog lub tsim ntawm lub neural raj ntawm uas yuav sai sai no tsim lub paj hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum ntawm tus me nyuam. Tab sis tej zaum nws tshwm sim hais tias tus txheej txheem ntawm kaw qhov sab qaum kev ib lub siab tawg tag, uas ua nyob rau hauv kev tsim anencephaly (tsis muaj lub hlwb nyob rau hauv lub fetus). Yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug muaj kev cuam tshuam nyob rau hauv lub kaw ntawm lub hauv qab ntawm lub neural raj, muaj yog ib tug txha caj hernia. Tu siab, ob leeg ntawm cov kab mob yog tsis tau tshaj nrog lub neej, tab sis lawv tshwm sim heev tsis tshua muaj. Txheeb cais qhia tau tias tus kab mob no ntaus ib tug ntawm ib txhiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Tej zaum kuj muaj tej yam teeb meem thaum nws pib kom tsim lub neural raj nyob rau hauv lub fetus. Nws txhais li cas thiab seb nws yog tsim nyog los txhawj txog nws?

Yuav ua li cas yog neural raj tsis xws luag?

Tsis xws luag ntawm neural raj - ib tug tag nrho series ntawm cais tsis xws luag uas tej zaum yuav tsim nyob rau hauv lub fetus. Qhov zoo ces, cov deviations no kuj tsis tshua muaj.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog hais tias cov pathology ntawm lub neural raj ntawm lub fetus - yog tsis yog ib tug niaj hnub kab mob uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tam sim no tej yam kev mob ntawm tib neeg lub neej. Raws li paub tseeb hais tias los ntawm cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv ntawm paleontologists, uas nqa tawm cov kev tshawb fawb, tsis xws luag ntawm cov leeg nrob qaum los yog lub hlwb (qhov no yuav qhia qhov txawv txav kev loj hlob ntawm lub pob txha taub hau thiab tus txha nqaj) muaj nyob rau hauv qhov seem ntawm ib tug txiv neej uas nyob 7,000 xyoo dhau los.

Tus thawj ua tim khawv rau lub scientific thiab cov kev kho mob ua hauj lwm, nyob rau lub hauv paus ntawm qhov uas peb yuav hais, pib los tsim neurosurgery, nws tau sau nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Hippocrates. Italian anatomist Morgagni Batista, tej zaum, ib tug ntawm cov thawj approximate hauj lwm muab neural raj tsis xws luag. Kev kho mob nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, ntawm chav kawm, cov kab mob yog tsis raug, vim hais tias cov tshuaj yog tseem nyob rau ntawm ib tug heev tsawg theem ntawm kev loj hlob.

Cov ua rau cov teeb meem no

Tu siab, tej zaum kuj yog ib tug puas neural raj nyob rau hauv lub fetus. Yuav ua li cas hom ntawm pathology, thiab dab tsi tshwm sim rau nws? Cia peb kawm saib yog vim li cas rau qhov hloov tus nqi ntawm lub cai.

Yog li ntawd, thaum 19-20 hnub tom qab conception lub fetus yog tsim nyob rau hauv txhua tej phaj - tus thawj hauv daim ntawv ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus tib neeg lub paj hlwb. 20-22 hnub nws yuav tsum tau pib QHAIB, li no txoj kev ua rau neural raj nyob rau hauv lub fetus. Qhov tseeb hais tias txhua yam yog mus raws li txoj kev npaj, muaj tseeb nrog qhov tsis tuaj kawm ntawv ntawm pathologies ntawm poob siab system ntawm ib tug me nyuam uas yuav yug los. Yog hais tias lub 23 hnub los ntawm conception neural phaj yog tsis tau kiag li kaw nyob rau hauv lub raj, lub fetus yuav tsim rov qab muaj teeb meem. Los ntawm no nce siab yuav ua tau hlwb txha nqaj qaum larkspur uas pom nyob rau hauv thawj peb lub hlis uas cev xeeb tub.

Ib qho ntawm feem ntau ua rau cov xws pathologies pom tau hais tias tus kab mob, tawg, ua neej yav tom ntej leej niam, uas yog muaj mob nrog rau mob cancer, raws li zoo raws li tej yam. Tab sis feem ntau ntawm cov hloov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cev xeeb tub cov poj niam uas tseem muaj ib neural raj kho raws. High yuav raug tsim tshuaj ntsuam genetic qub txeeg qub teg.

Lwm yam uas tej zaum yuav ua lub hauv paus ua kom muaj tus kho raws

Yog, ib tug kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic predisposition mus xws li tsis xws luag ho tsub kom kev pheej hmoo ntawm nws tshwm sim. Tab sis hnub no yog ib tug heev ua ntawm tej kab mob cov kws kho mob ntseeg tawg (lub expectant niam yuav tau txais cov hluav taws xob kis tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob, tab sis cia li thaum lub sij hawm lawv nyob rau hauv lub tej chaw). Tshuaj tua kab, uas siv roj av thiab ntau hom ntawm cov khoom cua chiv kuj yog vim li cas uas pib kom tsim lub neural raj nyob rau hauv lub fetus.

Rau hnub tim, lub npe hu rau ntau yam, nws yog heev txaus ntshai rau tib neeg lub neej noj txhob kaw hloov cov khoom noj. Txawm li cas los, tsis yog txhua tus paub hais tias yog hais tias tus expectant niam abuses zoo xws li cov, nws tsub kom kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov kab mob nyob rau hauv nws tus me nyuam. Txawm lub kub tub, uas yuav siv sij hawm ib tug poj niam nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov cev xeeb tub yuav ntxias xws li ib tug kho raws.

Kauj niam kev noj haus kws kho mob kuj raug xa mus rau raws li lub hauv paus ua rau ntawm neural raj tsis xws luag. Ib tug poj niam yuav tsum tau kho nrog tshwj xeeb mloog mus rau nws thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho lub sij hawm uas cev xeeb tub. Nyob rau hauv lub rooj plaub uas ib co ntawm cov saum toj no yam muaj nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm lub expectant niam, nws yuav tsum tau npaj rau lub fact tias cov cev xeeb tub yuav muaj xws li ib tug high-uas yuav muaj yug, uas yog ib tug neural raj kho raws.

Yog nws muaj tseeb hais tias leej niam uas muaj qhov hnyav txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm neural raj tsis xws luag nce?

Tsis li ntawd, ntev dhau los muaj lub npe hu tau ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb uas paub tseeb hais tias qhov tseeb hais tias cov poj niam uas nyhav dhau heev lawm thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub, kev pheej hmoo ntawm neural raj tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv lub fetus nyob rau hauv ob lub sij hawm siab tshaj hais tias ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ib tug me me ceeb thawj. Interestingly, lub neej yav tom ntej leej niam uas nws luj yog tsis txaus, qhov no sib twb tsis cai.

Cov raug tsim nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv keebkwm ntawm cov California cov poj niam uas nrhiav tau ib neural raj kho raws nyob rau hauv lub fetus. Lawv raug coj mus rau hauv kev saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm 1989 mus 1991. Cov qhabnias ntawm txoj kev tshawb no pom tias cov poj niam uas dhau heev lawm lub cev hnyav tsub kom kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim muaj tus kab mob los ntawm 2.1 lub sij hawm. Tab sis, zoo li, qhov no cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj feem xyuam rau kom folic acid noj, cov tsis muaj cov neeg uas yog xam tau tias yog ib tug ntawm cov ua neural raj txawv txav nyob rau hauv lub fetus.

Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim rau lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo thaum nws muaj xws li ib tug ua txhaum cai?

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav to taub yuav ua li cas ib tug neural raj kho raws nyob rau hauv lub fetus npaj, nws yog tsim nyog rau yam tsawg kawg nyob rau hauv nqe lus dav dav, kom koj to taub dab tsi hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm embryogenesis.

Yog li ntawd, cov thawj lub lim tiam ntawm cev xeeb tub yog tiav lub tsim ntawm embryonic ntawm. Ob - qhov no yog lub sij hawm ntawm tsim ntawm axial kabmob nyob rau hauv lub fetus, thaum nquag tsim extraembryonic ib feem. Raws li twb tau hais, peb lub lim tiam - ib lub sij hawm thaum lub neural raj yog tsim los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb phaj. Thawj peb lub lis piam yog lub sij hawm ntawm thawj neurulation. Secondary ntog nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ntawm 4-7 lub lis piam los ntawm lub caij ntawm conception.

Twb tau nyob rau lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm tej zaum yuav ua tau ib tug ua txhaum, piv txwv li tus txha caj dizrafii. Pathology ntawm lub neural raj, uas kis tau mus rau hauv lub vices lumbosacral tus txha nqaj neej yav tom ntej txoj kev loj hlob, tej zaum yuav tshwm sim xwb thaum lub sij hawm thib ob neurulation. Tam sim no nws yuav paub tseeb hais tias qhov txawv txav kev loj hlob ntawm lub neural raj nyob rau hauv lub fetus pib nrog rau cov thawj lub lis piam uas cev xeeb tub, uas yog vim li cas cov kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kev tiv thaiv cov kev loj hlob ntawm loj tsis xws luag. Yog li, txoj kev kho yuav tsum tau pib ua ntej cev xeeb tub thiab mus txuas ntxiv thaum lub sij hawm thawj lub lim piam ntawm hnub.

Nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm neural raj tsis xws luag muaj nws cov tsos mob

Zoo li tej yam kab mob los yog teeb meem kom loj hlob, lub tsim ntawm ib tug neural raj kho raws nyob rau hauv lub fetus nws muaj nws tus kheej cov tsos mob.

Tej yam tshwm sim ntawm tus txha caj dizrafii niaj hnub tshuaj considers lub nram qab no lub tswv yim:

• Muab zais cleft nqaj qaum: xws li ib tug kho raws yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub lumbosacral cheeb tsam. Nws yog txaus ntshai vim hais tias cov kev soj ntsuam cov tsos mob nws yog tsis muaj. Qhov no pathology yog pom kiag los ntawm lub caij, piv txwv li, tom qab ib tug txha nqaj qaum radiography. Muaj lawm tsis muaj teeb meem loj cov kev hloov ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tej zaum muaj tsaus me ntsis los yog talc. Qhov no thaum cleft yog tsis muaj dab tsi phem ib tug kaw nyo hau ntawm ib qho ntawm cov pob txha caj qaum. Ib tug zoo xws li cov kab mob muaj siab zoo, uas muaj xws li hmo ntuj tuskheej, ib tug tseem ceeb ua txhaum ntawm qhov tseeb hwj tau lub cev, tsis muaj zog rau cov nqaij ntshiv ntawm ob txhais ceg, mob nyob rau hauv lub lumbar cheeb tsam, thiab txawm deformation ntawm tus taw. Uas yog vim li cas nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los mus saib seb puas muaj yog qhov tseeb tsim ntawm lub neural raj nyob rau hauv lub fetus.
• Cystic splitting qhib: lawv kuj hu ua lub yeej muaj tseeb txha caj hernias. Tej zaum lawv yuav siv sij hawm rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib nrab protrusion ntawm lub Dura mater. Tus txheem ntawm xws hernias yog ib tug dej cawv uas yog hlwb txha nqaj qaum kua. Qhov no kab mob loj txheej txheem yuav raug ncua rau ob los yog peb vertebrae. Muaj coob tus neeg uas tau yug los nrog xws li ib tug kho raws, txig nyob ib tug ntev thiab zoo siab lub neej. Phais nyob rau hauv xws li mob, cov kws qhia pom zoo kom siv tsuas yog thaum muaj tiag tiag txoj kev loj hlob ntawm txha caj hernia. Yog hais tias xws li ib tug pob txha kho raws captures 3-5 pob txha caj qaum, tus neeg mob yuav muaj kev leeg tsis muaj zog thiab tuskheej. Tab sis, Tu siab, lub feem ntau teeb meem uas captures 6-8 vertebrae. Cov tawv nqaij ntawm ib tug hernia yog heev nyias, thiab nws yog illuminated los ntawm lub Pia ntawv week. Qhov no yog ib tug heev heev hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kho raws, uas feem ntau xaus nrog ib tug so hernia sac thiab lub outflow ntawm hlwb txha nqaj qaum kua.
• Los ntawm cov huab ugliness xam tau tias yog cleft nqaj qaum thiab nqaij mos mos, uas yog nrog los ntawm ib tug puas tsim ntawm cov leeg nrob qaum. Xws li ib tug kho raws nrog lub neej suab tsis sib xws.

Nthuav yog qhov tseeb hais tias lub qhov chaw ntawm xws hernias nyob rau hauv 90% ntawm cov neeg ntog rau hauv lumbar cheeb tsam, thiab nws yog heev tsis tshua muaj pom nyob rau hauv thoracic los yog lub tsev me nyuam thaj av ntawd. Qhov no qhov teeb meem no qhia txog hais tias yog ib tug kho raws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub fetus, lub cev xeeb tub feem ntau pumped txawj rho menyuam (nchuav menyuam). Tej embryos raug tua tsuas vim hais tias lawv ntxiv tsim yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua.

Yuav ua li cas rau kev tshawb nrhiav ib tug kho raws los yog neural raj txawv txav?

Saib ib neural raj kho raws nyob rau hauv lub US xwb nyob rau hauv lub thib peb peb lub hlis uas cev xeeb tub. Tab sis ua ntej ntawd, muaj ntau ntau ntawm yuav mus nrhiav tau ib tug zoo xws li cov pathology.

Yuav pib nrog, raws li twb tau hais, nws yog tsim nyog los ua ib yam ua ntej tus mob, uas yog pom zoo nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm yav tom ntej cev xeeb tub npaj. Koj yuav tsum tau mus saib ib tug obstetrician-gynecologist, urologist thiab noob caj noob ces. Yog hais tias tau, koj yuav tsum tau dhau kev ntsuam xyuas uas qhia rau theem ntawm cov uas muaj feem yuav muaj ib tug me nyuam nrog ib tug kho raws ntawm lub neural raj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog advisable mus nyeem ib tug ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no yuav pab kom koj to taub dab tsi yog qhov neural raj ntawm lub fetus, raws li zoo li sai tau mus kawm rau tag nrho cov tswv yim pom zoo ntawm cov kws txawj, uas yuav pab tau rau koj nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej.

Tom qab conception, ua tsis tau tsis muaj ib tug txhua hli soj ntsuam ntawm ib tug obstetrician. Qhov thib ob peb lub hlis uas cev xeeb tub yuav tsum tau nrog los ntawm ib tug tsis tu ncua cov ntshav mus kuaj rau yav tom ntej leej niam. Nws yog twb tau mus nqa tawm ib qho kev ultrasound kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub fetus. Tsis txhob txaj muag nug ib tug kws nyob rau raws li txoj cai ntawm tus me nyuam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias koj nyob rau hauv ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov poj niam nrog rau kev raug mob ntawm neural raj txawv txav.

Nyob rau hauv lub thib peb peb lub hlis, nws yog twb tau mus pom los ntawm ultrasound congenital malformation ntawm lub fetus, uas tau arisen raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias lub neural raj yog malformed. Duab ntawm lub embryo nyob rau hauv lub plab kom paub meej tias qhov mob, koj muaj peev xwm kuj qhia lwm tshwj xeeb.

Yog hais tias ib tug ntawm cov theem ntawm tsim ntawm lub neural raj kho raws tau paub tseeb hais tias, nws yog ib tug zoo yog vim li cas tsa qhov teeb meem ntawm rho me nyuam tawm. Txawm li cas los, koj thawj zaug yuav tsum paub cov neeg kawm ntawv txoj kev yuam cai, vim hais tias ib co ntawm nws cov ntaub ntawv yuav ua tau heev ib lub neej zoo. Niaj hnub no malformation lub neural raj, uas yog qhia nyob rau hauv kev tsim me nyuam hauv plab malformation yuav kho los ntawm kev phais kev cuam tshuam. Ntxiv diagnostics yog yuav tsum tau tom qab koj tau muab tso rau xws li ib tug mob, vim hais tias kev rho me nyuam - nws yog ib lub xeem tawm.

Kev kho mob ntawm neural raj tsis xws luag

Kev kho mob ntawm cov teeb meem uas muaj arisen vim lub fact tias cov tsim ntawm lub neural raj twb tawg, koj yuav pib tam sim ntawd tom qab yug tus me nyuam. Sai li sai tau raws li cov kws kho mob yuav tshem tawm tag nrho cov kev hem thawj rau lub neej ntawm tus me nyuam, uas yog, los txawj ua pa thiab lub cev kub xyuas ib tug me nyuam, hernia nto tam sim ntawd yuav tsum tau kho nrog disinfectants thiab npog nrog menyuam tsis taus phuam da dej. Tom qab sib tham nrog cov niam txiv, yog hais tias lawv pom zoo rau kev phais, cov me nyuam yug yog pauv mus rau lub neurosurgical department, nyob qhov twg tag nrho cov tsim nyog kev tshawb fawb, vim hais tias yog tsis muaj lawv, lub lag luam yuav tsis muaj kev vam meej.

Yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug kev hem thawj ntawm ib tug hernia rupture, phais yog nqa tawm sai li sai tau. Txwv tsis pub, koj yuav tos kom txog thaum tus me nyuam loj hlob tuaj. Xws li ib tug kev txiav txim siab yog tsis txhaum los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias qhov khoob - yog "qhib rooj vag" rau tej yam zoo ntawm tus kab mob. Feem ntau, tom qab qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm hernias tshwm sim suppurative o. Raws li statistics, kwv yees li 78% ntawm cov tub ntxhais cov neeg mob nyob zoo xws li cov teeb meem. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias tsis pub dhau hnub tom qab phais noj qab haus huv nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam yog normalized. Txawm li cas los, 5% ntawm cov me nyuam tseem nyob hauv uas yuav muaj.

Tsis tas li ntawd ib qho tseem ceeb nws yog lub fact tias yog hais tias koj tuav ib tug zoo xws li cov lag luam nyob rau hauv tus me nyuam mos, yuav tag nrho rov qab kho cov ntseeg ntawm tus Dura mater. Hais tias yog, tus me nyuam yuav tsim tom qab phais yog kiag li ib txwm, thiab nws yuav tos rau ib qho kev tag nrho lub neej. Nws yuav tsum tau to taub hais tias lub sij hawm luag tshawb nrhiav nqa tawm ua ntej lub lag luam heev sai sai. Koj tsuas yog tus tsim nyog cov kev ntsuam xyuas nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav cawm tau tus me nyuam thiab tsis pub nws mus rau nyob rau ib lub neej tsis taus. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav coj tiag thiab mus rau lub postoperative lub sij hawm. Yuav kom ncaj ncees coj qhov chaw yooj yim thiab tsis muaj teeb meem, tag nrho cov tswv yim pom zoo ntawm cov kws kho mob yuav tsum tau ua raws li nruj me ntsis.