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Koj puas paub tias dab tsi ib tug truffle?

Qhov no amazing mushroom hnov ntau yam. Peb paub hais tias qhov no pwm hlob qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub hauv av, thiab tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm plaub-legged cov pab (npua los yog dev) nws yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua mus nrhiav tau. Tej zaum qhov no peb paub lawm. Thiab tsis tau dab tsi ib tug truffle? Yuav ua li cas yog ib hom? Yuav ua li cas yog nws thiaj li zoo?

Ib me ntsis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog truffles

Truffles mus rau lub genus ntawm marsupials nceb, muaj tuberous underground fruiting lub cev. Qhov ze cov txheeb ze ntawm truffles yog morels.

Truffles yog feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv lub deciduous hav zoov. Mycelium truffle (mycelium) Cov ntaub ntawv nrog rau keeb kwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag, los ntawm cov uas nws yog loj hlob, ruaj khov lub koom haum nrog hu ua mycorrhizal. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho muaj yog cuaj hom truffles, uas loj hlob nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, txhua hom prefers ib yam ntawm cov ntoo. Tej zaum raug xa mus rau raws li truffles, nceb noj nrog rau zoo xws li cov fruiting lub cev, uas muaj peev xwm kuj yuav noj, tab sis lawv muaj nqis npaum li cas tsawg dua qhov tiag. Muaj kuj inedible rau tib neeg pom truffle - mos lwj uas noj mos lwj thiab ib co nas.

Los ntawm txoj kev, ib tug neeg tsis muaj peev xwm mus nrhiav tau ib qho chaw nyob qhov twg muaj ib tug truffle. Mushroom (uas tsub kom lub hav zoov delicacy, yuav tsum tau txiav txim tsiaj xwb) muaj ib tug meej tsis hnov tsw. Feem ntau rau lub hom phiaj no koom nrog qhia tshwj xeeb uas kawm cov dev thiab npua.

Thaum uas tsa lub saj ntawm truffles? Yuav ua li cas yog nws txawv ntawm lub niaj zaus mushroom? Qhov no truffle nws muaj nws tus kheej cim tsw thiab saj. Nws tsa ob sib sib zog nqus-kib sunflower noob, thiab walnuts, berries, ntxhuab, poob nplooj - tias yog dab tsi lub truffle. Dej, qhov uas koj xav kom muab tso rau hauv thaum uas lub truffle yuav zoo ib yam li soy sauce.

Raws li historians hais tias, tus ntawd yog tus truffle raws li nws cov khoom thiab noj, nws twb paub mus rau lub ancient Sumerians. Nyob rau hauv ancient Greece thiab Rome ancient, qhov no pwm ntaus nqi lam zog, thiab lub medieval alchemists thiab magicians, nws twb siv nyob rau hauv kev ua khawv koob lub hom phiaj. Tab sis qhov loj tshaj tej chaw uas lawv tau txais thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm Louis XIV. Peb kuj nyob rau hauv Russia truffles tuaj tom qab 1812 tsov rog , lub

Hom ntawm truffles loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe

Nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe, muaj cov nram qab no hom ntawm truffles:

  • Lub caij ntuj sov (kuj hu ua dub Lavxias teb sab) truffle. Nws muaj ib tug tuberous los yog sib npaug txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev xim av-dub los yog xiav-dub xim. Feem ntau loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm birch, ntoo qhib, hornbeam, beech. Faib yuav luag thoob plaws teb chaws Europe mus Scandinavia (xws li nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab). Tsis li tseem ceeb raws li lwm yam kev truffles, tab sis kuj xam tau tias yog ib tug delicacy.
  • Lub caij ntuj no truffle. Nws plhaub (peridium) them los ntawm polygonal formations los yog lub qog. Cov pwm muaj ib tug reddish-liab doog los yog dub. Nws tshwm sim mas nyob rau hauv ltalis, Fabkis thiab Switzerland. Cov ntxhiab tsw reminiscent ntawm musk.
  • Italian truffle. Txawm tias nws lub npe, nws kuj muaj nyob rau hauv Fabkis thiab lwm yam European lub teb chaws. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog xim nyob rau hauv lub teeb ochre los yog brownish xim. Nws muaj ib tug qab ntxiag ntsim tsis hnov tsw, thiab saj zoo li qej cheese. Nws yog feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv nws cov nqaij nyoos daim ntawv.
  • Dub (tseem hu ua lub Perigord thaj tsam ntawm lub historic Fabkis) truffle. Mushroom, tus nqi ntawm uas yog 1000 € ib kilogram, muaj ib cov xim los ntawm reddish-xim av mus rau dub thiab liab doog. Usable li siav thiab nyoos raws li ib tug seasoning.

Incidentally, truffles yuav zus, tab sis tsis yog raws li ntau li ntau, piv txwv li, nceb. Txawm nyob rau hauv lub XIX xyoo pua nws tau pom hais tias yog hais tias tus hauv av rau cog acorns nrog oak nyob rau hauv uas truffles loj hlob, nws tseem yog lub mushroom delicacies yuav loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub tshiab tsob ntoo. Nyob rau hauv Fabkis, qhov uas lawv paub zoo heev li cas ib tug truffle, thaum cov ntoo twb cog nrog 750 km 2, uas nws twb tau mus sau 1,000 tons ntawm cov delicacies. Tu siab, txoj kev no yog ntev heev. Nws yuav tsum tau txog 30 xyoo yuav tau ib tug tag nrho cov qoob loo, thiab tus nqi sau truffles ntog sharply.

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