Travelling, Qhia
Kazan Kremlin: cov duab thiab cov kev xyuas. Kev Tshaj Tawm Cathedral ntawm lub Kazan Kremlin
Cov peev ntawm Tatarstan - ib tug ntawm cov hiob chaw ntawm civilization - ntau hu ua "lub nroog ntawm cim monuments." Thiab xwb, nyob rau hauv tus nplua nuj sights thiab sawv ntawm qhov Kazan av loj hlob ntau tshaj ib tiam ntawm zaum thiab qhia ntawv, paj huam thiab ntxias, generals thiab yooj yim cim. Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog yog txuas mus rau txoj hmoo ntawm Derzhavin, Pushkin, Chaliapin, L. Tolstoy, Lobachevsky thiab lwm tus neeg.
lus qhia dav dav
Kazan nyob rau hauv lawv cov keeb kwm tseem ceeb thiab lub preservation ntawm kev cai cuab yeej cuab tam yog tsis inferior mus rau tej lub zos raws li St. Petersburg los yog Moscow. Rau zoo yog vim li cas nws yog pom tias yuav tau Russia peb capital. Nws architectural monuments yog ntawm kuj zoo kawg tus nqi rau cov keeb kwm ntawm Russia. Tab sis xws li masterpieces li Syuyumbike - ntxhua pej thuam, tus hiob tsev ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm Ivan qhov txaus ntshai, tau raug fwm rau tam sim no lub sij hawm ntawm lub Annunciation Cathedral ntawm lub Kazan Kremlin complex Cannon vaj (txij li thaum Petrovsky lub sij hawm), ntaus nws architectural cov ntaub ntawv. Ntxiv mus, tus tswv xeev Palace mus rau lub Kul-Sharif Mosque tau txais ntiaj teb cuab yeej cuab tam raws li txoj cai.
Nyob rau hauv cov auspices ntawm UNESCO tau npaum li cas thiab tsuas uas twb muaj lawm nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no niaj hnub no Tatar fortress, ua ntau centuries dhau los thiab tau muab khaws cia tseg nws cov thawj nta. Qhov no Kazan Kremlin, yees duab nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm cov uas coj tau tom tsev txhua txhua neeg mus ncig tebchaws uas tau mus xyuas lub nroog.
Pearl Tatarstan
Lub earliest tsim kho ntawm lub fortress pib nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov thib kaum ib xyoo pua. Nws yog ces nyob ib tug toj, uas tam sim no adorns tus ancient qauv, tsawm Bulgar pab pawg neeg pib ua ntoo tub rog outpost - lub Kazan Kremlin.
Kazan tau hloov zuj zuj, thiab cov citadel, nrog nws cov mausoleums thiab mosques muaj kom txog thaum lub nruab nrab-thib kaum rau caug xyoo. Tab sis nyob rau hauv 1552, xyoo uas lub nroog yog nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus kev puas tsuaj Ivanom Groznym. Siv cov kev faib twb pib nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, lwm tshiab Lavxias teb sab fortress ntawm tus ntug dej ntawm lub Volga. Nws lub tsev Pskov masters, uas coj Postnik Yakovlev Ivan Shiryaev.
architecture
Kazan Kremlin yog framed los ntawm ancient phab ntsa. Nws yog kiag li ua dawb limestone ntawm tus Volga. Ntauwd ntawm lub Kazan Kremlin nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm cov yim daim hnub rov qab mus rau lub thib kaum rau caug xyoo. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws tau ua thiab lub Annunciation Orthodox Cathedral. Ib me ntsis tom qab - nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua - nws twb ua Syuyumbike - ntxhua pej thuam. Lub complex ntawm vaj tse nyob rau lub Cannon mev thiab tub rog lub tsev kawm ntawv tau ua nyob rau hauv lub puas tawm xyoo, thiab cov Kul-Sharif Mosque - nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm.
Cov toj rau uas yuav ua tau lub Kazan Kremlin, nrog peb sab surrounded los ntawm dej. Nws yog lub zoo meej qhov chaw rau qhov kev siv ntawm lub fortress. Lub earliest ntxiv dag zog rau Bulgarian nomadic pab pawg neeg nyob rau hauv lub bank ntawm ib tug me me dej ntawm lub lem ntawm lub thib kaum thiab kaum ib centuries, tab sis ib txhia archeological finds yog cov pov thawj hais tias cov kev sib hais haum nyob rau hauv qhov chaw muaj npaum li cas lawm.
Keeb kwm ntawm lub Kazan Kremlin
Pob zeb fortress tau tsa rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub sab qaum teb thaj tsam ntawm Volga Bulgaria. Los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub thib kaum peb xyoo pua Mongol armies, coj los ntawm Batu Khan, peb ua tseem ceeb kev kawm nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj sib sib zog nqus rau hauv teb chaws Europe. Lub domination ntawm lub Golden Horde yog tsim los pab tsis tau tsuas yog tshaj Russia thiab lub Crimea. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws poob thiab Bulgaria, ua lub Mongolian xeev.
Tom qab kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub nroog ntawm Bulgar, tus tshiab capital twb tau tsiv mus rau Kazan. Local Kremlin los ua qhov chaw nyob ntawm tus pas ntsuas, thiab lub nroog raug renamed. Tab sis lub City tsis tau ib lub npe tshiab, ces tus nqi zog los ua lub npe hu ua lub Kazan koog tsev kawm ntawv.
Tom qab kev tuag ntawm tus Golden Horde nyob rau hauv 1438, xyoo uas lub ywj siab khanate twb nrhiav tau. Pib intensive kev ua hauj lwm ntxiv dag zog rau cov pob zeb phab ntsa ntawm lub Kremlin. Lawv yog cov, raws li cov chroniclers, twb "tsis cuag kev."
Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub palace tau ua thiab lub mosque - pob zeb Nur-Ali Khan thiab ntoo, uas tom qab tis npe hu ua tom qab Seid Kul-Sharif. Nws yog nws leej twg nyob rau hauv 1552-m defended Kazan Kremlin los ntawm cov tub rog Ivana Groznogo.
Lavxias teb sab fortress
Kom txog rau thaum hnub no tsis muaj ib tug twb dim tej nuj nqis cov Khan lub tsev. Ntxiv mus, thaum nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub thib kaum rau caug xyoo, lub Kazan Kremlin muab rau hauv ib tug Lavxias teb sab fortress nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm Muslim lug - "Center ntawm lub infidels" - pib ua Orthodox churches. Txawm Syuyumbike, kom txog thaum lub thib kaum cuaj xyoo pua, erroneously ntaus nqi mus rau lub vaj tse ntawm cov Khan lub sij hawm, nws ua tau ntau npaum li cas tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lub sij hawm. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm ntau yam ntawm lub ntsiab ntawm lawv architecture, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Pilasters thiab qhov chaw rau cov dluab.
Tom qab lub conquest ntawm lub nroog Ivan Grozny xa mus rau architects. Lawv pib ib lub tsev tshiab. Ua ntej, qhov yooj yim lug - temples thiab yees - tsa ntoo. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov thawj pob zeb ua tau ib tug me me lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm Nikolaya Chudotvortsa.
imperial chaw nyob
Nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub puas tawm xyoo, Nicholas Kuv txiav txim siab hais tias tus tswv xeev yuav ua lub zog ntawm tus huab tais lub xeev. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, thiab nws twb npaj hais tias cov Kazan Kremlin, ib tug yees duab uas qhia tau lub monumentality ntawm no architectural complex, yuav tsum yog tus imperial chaw nyob. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, cov kev siv thiab tus tswv xeev lub tsev. Qhov chaw no yog tsim los ntawm kws kes duab vajtse Konstantin Tuj. Hais tias nws belongs rau lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim nyob rau hauv Kazan txo analogue ntawm lub loj loj Kremlin Palace. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho cov txheej txheem zoo tus kheej Nicholas I. Cov tshwm sim yog ib lub tsev uas tau ua ib tug ci ntsa iab piv txwv ntawm cov mixed Lavxias teb sab-Byzantine style, decorates lub Kazan Kremlin.
ncig saib
Spasskaya ntauwd
Thawj qhov uas tourists pom, haum rau lub Kazan Kremlin yog lub Spasskaya pej thuam. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm Bulgar thiab surmounted los ntawm ib tug muab ob npaug rau-taws dav dawb hau. Pej thuam yog ua nyob rau hauv 1660. Nws pheej tshiab thiab rebuilt.
Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub Spassky Ntauwd, cov fortress tseem xya ntau zoo xws li cov lug - Sawv Rov Los, Kev Hloov Hlo, South East thiab South West, Consistory, Nameless thiab Taynitskaya.
Syuyumbike
Lub homphiaj ntawm cov khaub ncaws ntau thim cov qauv no. Saum toj no lub npe nrov ntxhua rau ob meters, qhov no pej thuam pib Luj tam sim ntawd tom qab kev tsim kho. Los ntawm 1930 th mounting lub tau mus txog ib tug tseem ceeb heev taw tes nyob rau hauv lub puas nees nkaum-yim centimeters. Thiab yog hais tias tsis yog rau lub restoration thiab ntxiv dag zog rau kev ua hauj lwm, nws yob yuav tau ntau npaum li cas.
Ntauwd hu ua Syuyumbike pom tau hais tias architectural cim ntawm lub capital ntawm Tatarstan. Xa tsis Kazan yog tsis tau, raws li tau zoo raws li tim lyiv teb chaws tsis muaj tus pyramids, thiab Paris - tsis muaj tus Eiffel Tower.
Sleek silhouette ntawm lub tuam tsev no attracts cov xim ntawm tourists, thiab nws qhia zaj dab neeg ntawm legends thiab myths xwb yog hais tiag fascinating. Ntawm no yog ib tug ntawm lawv. Ivanu Groznomu, uas kov yeej Kazan, ib tug txoj kev zoo nkauj kev zoo nkauj-huab tais. Txawm li cas los, ib tug zoo kawg Syuyumbike, tau txais los ntawm Lavxias teb sab sovereign lub sib yuav lub tswv yim, muab ib tug mob: tsim xya hnub ib tug pej thuam, saum toj no uas lub nroog yuav tsis tau. Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm nws xav tau tiav lawm. Thiab nws Syuyumbike liam xaiv hais goodbye rau lawv nyiam cov neeg, mus txog lub tuam tsev no thiab khiav nrog nws. Txij thaum ntawd los, cov ntauwd thiab pib lurch down ...
Tswv xeev Palace
Qhov no grandiose tsev tsis tau tsuas yog ib tug kev cai muaj nqis. Niaj hnub no, nws yog, raws li nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, ua nom tswv thiab cov thawj tswj kev khiav dej num. Raws li thaum lub sij hawm lub Imperial Palace, tam sim no lub Palace - qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm Tatarstan. Nyob rau hauv muaj ntau yam ntawm nws cov neighboring vaj tse tsis muaj tsev nyob ministries thiab ntau yam departments.
Cathedral ntawm tus Annunciation
Nws hais tiag yog ib tug ntawm cov hiob monuments ntawm Lavxias teb sab architecture, fwm nyob rau hauv lub capital ntawm cov koom pheej. Kev Tshaj Tawm Cathedral ntawm lub Kazan Kremlin twb nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj 1552, lub xyoo plaub nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim ntawm Ivana Groznogo. Ntoo lub tsev teev ntuj twb txiav cia nyob rau hauv xwb peb hnub nyob rau hauv ib tug tsis muaj ntau. Thiab lub thib rau hnub ntawm lub hlis nws twb tsa nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus Annunciation. Nrog rau qhov no cim cathedral txuam ib thooj ntawm cov kev ua ntawm ntau haiv neeg ntseeg Kazan, ntawm no lawv yog faus. Zoo fwm thiab lub cell ntawm cov thawj npis sov ntawm lub Diocese - Archbishop Gury. Thiab nyob rau hauv sab hnub tuaj sab ntawm lub phab ntsa txuj ci tseem ceeb fwm ancient xeeb tub depicting cov duab ntawm tus Vaj Ntsuj Ntsej muag ntawm tus Cawm Seej.
Kul-Sharif Mosque
Monuments ntawm lub Kazan Kremlin rau koj daim ntawv teev thiab xws li ib tug niaj hnub, tab sis zoo nkauj heev lub tsev. Nws Kul-Sharif Mosque. Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm ib tug tseem ceeb kev thov Vajtswv nyob rau hauv nws rang nees nkaum-plaub hnub ntawm rau hli ntuj 2005. Nws ua tim lub npe Saida Kul-Sharif. Nws yog lub imam ntawm lub mosque hu ua Al-Kabir, uas muaj nyob ntawm no nyob rau hauv lub era ntawm lub Kazan Khanate twb puas lawm by tub rog Ivana Groznogo.
Niaj hnub no, cov Kul-Sharif yog suav tias yog ib tug tribute thiab kev hwm rau pog koob yawg koob. Lub mosque yog ib co thawj synthesis ntawm architectural yeej thiab sawv, feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no Islamic.
Kul-Sharif ua tau thiab hnub no yog positioned raws li lub ntsiab mosque rau txhua leej txhua tus nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj Tatars. Qhov no festive Friday Muslim lub tsev teev ntuj, yog li cov lus thov Vajtswv nyeem nyob rau hauv nws tsis muaj ntau tshaj li ib zaug ib hnub twg. Yeej lub mosque tuaj coob coob ntawm tourists, rau cov uas tsis muaj txhua hnub los yog cov hnub caiv.
Yuav ua li cas kom tau
Kazan Kremlin yog nyob rau ntawm sab laug bank ntawm niam Volga. Koj muaj peev xwm ncav cuag nws los ntawm tsheb thauj mus los 6, 29, 37, 35, 47 thiab lwm tus neeg. Tseem khiav, lub trolley, raws li zoo raws li lub underground. chaw nres tsheb "Kremlin" yog ua tom ntej no mus rau nws. Cov neeg uas tuaj txog los ntawm pej xeem thauj, koj yuav tau tawm ntawm lub tsheb "nrog", "st. Bauman "," Cov kev ua si Palace "los yog" Central chaw ntau pob. "
Mus saib tau hauv Kazan Kremlin yog free. Yuav kis tau los ntawm lub rooj vag ntawm lub Spassky pej thuam.
Xyuas
Tom qab lub kiv puag ncig ntawm txoj architectural lug phem heev puas. Tab sis thaum nyob rau hauv lub nineties ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem Kazan Kremlin tau txais tus txheej xwm ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm Tatarstan, muaj pib yuav tsum tau nqa tawm restoration ua hauj lwm. Niaj hnub no, tourists hu no ancient fortress ntawm tus thawj landmark ntawm lub nroog, qhov chaw uas txhua centimeter ntawm permeated keeb kwm.
Qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, ua hauj lwm pib rau lub reconstruction ntawm ib tug mosque Kul Sharif. Thiab niaj hnub no nws yog pom tias yog ib yam ntawm cov coob nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ntawm cov teb chaws Europe. Thiab nyob rau hauv 2003, nyob rau hauv lub square tom ntej no lub qhov rooj mus rau ib tug leb duab puab yog tsim los pab nrog lub Annunciation Cathedral. Nws twb hu ua lub "Architects ntawm lub Kazan Kremlin." Nrog sculptures Architects - Lavxias teb sab thiab Tatar - saib zoo li lawv tej hauj lwm. Tom qab tag nrho, lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm lawv cov chaw ua hauj lwm - ib tug tshwj xeeb architectural khaub ncaws ntau - yog tsim thiab revived dag zog ntawm lub ob haiv neeg.
Tourists yws: mus tshawb xyuas tag nrho cov Kazan Kremlin sights ib los yog ob hnub no yog tsis txaus. Ib txhia ntawm cov neeg uas raug txwv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, xaiv ib tug ncig saib. Nws kav ob peb lub sij hawm thiab cov nqi txog rau puas rubles rau ib pab pawg neeg ntawm mus txog kaum tus neeg. Feem ntau cov impressive ntawm tag nrho cov qhua mus rau lub Annunciation Cathedral ntawm lub Kazan Kremlin. Qhov no snow-dawb tsev nrog xiav-xiav ncaws, raws li muaj ntau yam cov ntseeg, cia li puv lawv lub ntiaj teb.
Thaum pib ntawm no xyoo txhiab Kazan Kremlin tau ntsib nyob rau hauv lub UNESCO cuab yeej cuab tam. Qhov no cim txheej ntawm qhov tseem ceeb - tim khawv tias tus tuag ib ce thiab downs ntawm tag nrho cov haiv neeg, uas nyob rau ntau lub sij hawm inhabited lub Volga cheeb tsam - yeej ib txwm sau tseg nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev txheeb xyuas, uas tau mus xyuas no.
Similar articles
Trending Now