Hom qej: piav qhia, taxonomy, chaw nyob, yees duab, cov ntsiab lus

Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb xav tham txog ib lub tsev tsiaj tau. Ntsib, qhov no yog ib qho kev sib cav nquag. Tsis ntev los no, cov tsiaj txhu tsis zoo kiag li tau rais los ua qauv, thawb mus rau tom qab cov miv thiab cov dev.

Leej twg thiaj yog tus txhauv?

Tus cuckoo uas feem ntau (pelobates fuscus) yog ib tug qav, ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm ib tsev neeg ntawm scabbards tag nrho. Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov no yog qhov me me amphibian zeej, txog li yim centimeters ntev. Feem ntau, tus qav muaj qhov xim gray los yog xim daj-xim av.

Tab sis nws nthuav lub npe yog dog dig qej, vim hais tias nws tej tawv nqaij tej zaum kuj emits ib qej tsw. Amphibian qog secrete mucus nrog xws li ib tug tsis kaj siab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev txaus ntshai.

Hom qej: piav qhia

Yog hais tias koj saib rau ntawm scabbard, ces outwardly nws zoo li feem ntau cov qav, tab sis tsuas yog nws daim tawv nqaij yog heev tus. Qav stocky lub cev, loj lub taub hau, tab sis lub hind ob txhais ceg yog luv luv txaus. Nws ob lub qhov muag yog loj thiab convex, thiab muaj cov hniav. Ib lub teeb nraub hla kev nraub qaum.

Hom qej: chaw nyob

Qij yog ib qho txawv zeej. Nws pom muaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj cov av zoo tuaj. Thiab qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nws yog zoo heev ntawm kev khawb hauv av. Tias yog vim li cas li no qav feem ntau ntsib nyob rau hauv cov teb, tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub damp thiab thaum hmo ntuj. Lawv burrow rau hauv cov av nrog kev pab ntawm hind ob txhais ceg, uas yog armed nrog ib tug shovel-zoo li tubercle. Ntau lub sij hawm qav tuas raws nraim hauv av ntawm ib qhov tob ntawm kaum tsib centimeters. Thiab lawv khawb av los ntawm scabbard nrog amazing rapidity thiab sai sai mus vam cia. Thaum nruab hnub, lawv zaum hauv mink, thiab thaum tsaus ntuj lawv tawm mus nrhiav khoom noj, tab sis lawv tsuas tua tau thaum cov cua ntub txaus, yog tias lawv qhuav, lawv yuav tsis tawm ntawm lawv qhov chaw, txawm lawv xav noj ntau npaum li cas. Cov neeg laus lub caij ntuj no txij thaum lub Cuaj Hlis mus rau Plaub Hlis hauv cov maum nas, swallows, moles, hauv cov pits hauv qab taw.

Cov qoob loo qoob loo muaj nyob rau hauv ntau-leaved thiab tov forests, meadows, zaub vaj, marshes thiab pas dej.

Qav qis yuav tuaj yeem ntsib nrog qhov pib ntawm yav tsaus ntuj, thaum tsaus ntuj los yog thaum sawv ntxov, thiab tom qab ntawd tsuas yog thaum cov av noo txaus lawm rau nws. Nws yog rau qhov no yog vim li cas hais tias qej yog suav hais tias yog ib yam tsawg kawg nkaus.

Luam cov ntawm scabbard

Hauv cov qav plaub tus qav nyob hauv tsuas yog thaum yug me nyuam, nws muaj li nees nkaum tsib hnub. Tus txheej txheem ntawm spawning tshwm sim hauv dej. Tus poj niam tuaj yeem ncua sijhawm txog li ntawm 1800 qe. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias ntawm tag nrho cov neeg sawv cev ntawm amphibians nyob rau hauv lub garlick, tej zaum lub sij hawm ntev tshaj ntawm hibernation, uas yog ob puas hnub.

Tus Qav siv tag nrho cov mating caij ze lub pas dej. Qhov ntau ntxwm thiab rainy lub caij ntuj sov, ntev lub caij yug yuav caij nyoog. Cov pojniam nteg lawv cov clutches, zoo li threads, ncaj qha ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv cov dej hauv lub cev.

Tom ntej tadpoles tsim ib puas hnub. Me me tadpoles muaj xim txiv kab ntxwv, tom qab ntawd lawv ua cov kub thiab xim av. Yog xav pub, lawv noj ib txoj hauj lwm ntsug thiab sau cov dej ntshiab ntawm dej saum npoo. Lawv noj zaub yog zaub mov. Nyob rau hauv qhov dej ntiav, lawv xav tsis ua luam dej. Tadpoles yog loj loj, lawv tuaj yeem tsis haum rau hauv xib-teg ntawm koj txhais tes.

Thaum lawv muaj cov ceg tawv pem hauv ntej, lawv yuav tawm hauv lub pas dej thiab mus rau av qhuav, burrow mus rau hauv av thiab tos rau lub sijhawm thaum lawv cov tawb disappears. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tadpoles tuaj yeem kav ntev li peb mus rau tsib lub hlis. Kev sib deev maturation ntawm amphibians tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog peb.

Amphibian zaub mov

Cov qej tsuas yog ua rau lub neej tsis muaj zog thiab tib lub sij hawm nws xav zoo rau thaj av. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom tag nrho kev tawm mus, tawm hauv cov dej rau puas metres. Thaum nruab hnub, amphibians so, thiab hmo ntuj lawv mus tua tsiaj. Lawv tau hloov pauv nrog kab, cua nab, qwj.

Tom qab ib hmo pub mis, tus kab mob khaub thuas nplaum (pictured hauv tsab xov xwm) digs nws cov fosssa nrog nws ob txhais ceg thiab submerges nws tus kheej hauv av, kaw nws lub qhov muag thiab qhov ntswg. Yuav kom khawb kiag hauv, nws tsuas yog ob peb feeb xwb.

Kev tiv thaiv tus kheej ntawm qav

Los tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab, tus qav siv qej tsw. Nws sawv tawm ntawm qhov kev nyuab siab tshaj thiab nws muaj peev xwm ua raws li nws lub siab xav ua tawm tsam. Yog hais tias thaum lub sijhawm tsis muaj kev tswjhwm, nws pib ua kom nrov nrov, swells thiab nce saum tus taw. Nyob rau hauv no yooj yim txoj kev, nws sim mus nce nws loj thiab li frighten tus yeeb ncuab. Ob tug poj niam thiab txiv neej muaj peev xwm nkag siab, tab sis lawv tsis muaj resonators, thiab yog li ntawd lawv tsuas yog tau hnov los ntawm cov dej. Nyob rau hauv cov qus, cov amphibian nyob ntev txog tsib rau xyoo. Thiab nyob rau tom tsev ntawm kev tu xyuas cov qog no muaj peev xwm ua neej nyob txog kaum ib xyoos.

Tshuaj lom neeg ntawm qog tawv nqaij ntawm cov qav tsis txaus ntshai, nws tuaj yeem tsim txom tsuas yog muaj tsawg tus neeg. Rau ib tug txiv neej, nws tsis ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb, thiab yog li ntawd tus qav yuav ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv tes. Feem ntau cov tshuaj tsw qab los ua zaub mov rau cov nab, vipers, herons, cov tsiaj nyhuv, tus cwj pwm loj, cob, haus, dub nciab, dub khoob, plas, noog pob, plas, plab, raven, hedgehog, polecat, hma, mink. Raws li koj tau pom, cov yeeb ncuab ntawm ib lub me me tsis muaj txaus.

Qij tom tsev

Nyob rau hauv tus, raws li ib tug domestic tsiaj tau ua thiab qej ntau. Cov ntsiab lus hauv kev poob cev qhev yuav tsum tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib qho tshwj xeeb terrarium ntawm tsawg kawg yog peb caug liters. Nws yuav tas tas yuav yog lub pob hlau, cov dej uas nws yuav tsum tau hloov txhua hnub. Nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub reservoir koj yuav tsum tau ncuav ib txheej ntawm av tsib mus rau centimeters tuab, muaj raws ntawm peat, bark thiab xuab zeb. Yuav tsum muaj cov nroj tsuag ntsuab nyob hauv lub terrarium.

Rau cov neeg laus, koj tsis tas yuav sov so ntawm huab cua ntxiv, nws yuav txaus tshaj nees nkaum degrees, tab sis koj yuav tsum tuav cov av noo, nws yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 75 feem pua, thiab zoo dua yog tias nws qhov nqi ze li ntawm 90 feem pua. Qij yog ib qho khoom noj uas yog neeg qhuav, thiab yog li ntawd ib tug ua tsis tau teeb pom kev zoo nyob hauv lub terrarium.

Cov tub ntxhais hluas qav tadpoles yuav tsum tau muab pub rau zaub noj. Cov laus neeg yuav tsum tau ants, kab, kab laug sab, kab laum kab, tag nrho cov khoom uas muaj tshaj li yim feem pua ntawm lawv cov zaub mov. Tsis tas li ntawd scabbards nyiam noj earthworms thiab slugs. Koj yuav tsum tau yuav ib tug Qav nyob rau hauv cov khw muag tsiaj.

Cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv kom cov amphibians

Yog tias koj txiav txim siab tuav lub qav tom tsev, koj yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam txhua qhov teeb meem nrog nws ib zaug. Nws puas yooj yim heev rau kev tu tus kab npuas zoo tib yam? Kev tswj hwm rau kev tswj cov av, thiab rau cov neeg hluas tseem rau kub, yuav tsum yog ib qho mob uas yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj cov Qav.

Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias lub terrarium xav tau kev ntxuav ntau zaus thiab dej hloov txhua hnub. Khoom noj khoom haus yog ib qho yooj yim uas tau yooj yim, thiab nws tsis yooj yim rau cov vaj tse nyob tom tsev, thiab qhov no tsis yog cov tswv yim, vim nws muaj peev xwm kis thoob plaws hauv tsev. Qav qav txhawm rau khiav tawm ntawm lub terrarium thiab cia li tuag hauv tsev apartment ntawm lub cev qhuav dej, thiab yog li koj yuav tsum tau kaw nws. Nco ntsoov hais tias qhov scabbard yog ib qho chaw muaj suab thaj, yog li koj yuav tsum tsis txhob cia siab tias koj yuav pom nws thaum nruab hnub. Qhov no tsis yog tus tsiaj uas yuav lom zem rau koj, tiam sis koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas thiab tu kom zoo.

Feem ntau yuav muaj, feem ntau tus qav yuav siv, faus hauv cov xuab zeb los yog substrate, thiab tawm mus tsuas yog khoom noj. Yuav kom tswj tau cov av noo, lub terrarium yuav tsum tau muab cov dej tawm hauv sab hauv. Thiab rau ib qhov chaw nkaum ntawm ib qho amphibian, koj tuaj yeem muab cov khoom txig ntoo tso rau hauv.

Tsis tshua pom

Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias cov chaw nyob ntawm scabbard yog dav txaus. Nws nyob hauv Central thiab Eastern Europe, Western Asia. Thiab, txawm li cas los, tus amphibian yog ib hom kab uas tsis tshua muaj pom. Nws, piv txwv li, muaj npe nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm Estonia, thiab cov phau ntawv liab ntawm lub Moscow, Orel thiab Lipetsk cov cheeb tsam. Tam sim no, tsis muaj kev hem thawj ntawm nws txoj kev ploj lawm. Nws yog kev tiv thaiv raws li kev paub me ntsis-paub amphibian. Xws li ib qho txawv zeej yog ib qho kev sib cav nquag. Tsab ntawv Red Mos ntawm Moscow cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv lub thib ob tsab twb muaj ib tug qav nyob rau hauv nws cov npe vim hais tias, piv nrog lub xeem tiam, muaj tsawg chaw nyob qhov twg nws nyob, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov tib neeg kuj raug kev txom nyem. Nws yog assumed tias qhov no yog vim lub sij hawm ntev ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm nws cov offspring, thiab raws li qhov tseem ceeb muaj huab cua ntawm qhov chaw, uas tseem yuav cuam tshuam rau lub garlick.

Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias ntau hom kab nabqa thiab amphibians muaj nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Loj ntawm thaj tsam Moscow, uas tau piav qhia txog qhov tseeb tias cov tsiaj no raug kev txom nyem feem ntau ntawm lawv qhov kev sib tshuam los ntawm lawv tus cwj pwm. Amphibians yog txuas nrog cov chaw, tsis zoo li lwm yam tsiaj, lawv mus tsis tau mus ntev ntev, dua li, lawv ncaj qha mus rau lawv lub cev dej. Tam sim no, qhov poob ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm amphibians tau pom thoob ntiaj teb. Yog vim li cas qhov no tshwm sim, tsis muaj kev piav qhia tau pom rau qhov tshwm sim no.