Hom accentuation: Nta

Txoj kev tshawb no ntawm ib tug neeg txawv, nyob rau hauv particular accentuation ntawm cov ua cim hais txog ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib qhov kev qhuab qhia - teb ntawm differential psychology. Cov kev lag luam devoted mus rau tej hauj lwm ntawm ntau zaum - ib txwm nyob thiab txawv teb chaws.

Ua neeg ncajncees kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov nta ntawm cov ua cim

Yog vim li cas yog nws tsim nyog mus kawm tej yam kev accentuation ntawm cwm pwm? Analysis ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov neeg yog ob. Firstly, ib tug kev tshawb fawb lub hom phiaj - txheeb xyuas raws li ntau pawg los tsim tej tswv yim rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv. Qhov ntau chav kawm yuav muab sau ua ke, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav zoo tshaj puas siab puas ntsws kev taw qhia rau lawv cov neeg sawv cev.

Ob, paub lub hom cim accentuation yog tsim nyog los nkag siab txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg thiab yog vim li cas rau nws tus cwj pwm, nws yuav, nyob rau hauv raws li nws, kho nws.

Feem ntau nyob rau hauv no hwm yog heev txaus worldly psychology. Piv txwv li, yog ib tug ntau txoj kev ntseeg siab zoo fatties. Conversely, nyias tus txiv neej yog tej zaum ntaus nqi raws li kev txhawj xeeb, ceev faj. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, xws li ib tug faib mus rau hauv pawg yuav ua tau tej muaj tseeb. Xws li ib tug yuam kev nyob rau hauv lub cais tsis dim, txawm hais tias twb nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob teb, txawm Hippocrates: ib zaug hauv lub ancient tus kws kho mob ncaj qha mus txuas predisposition mus apoplectic nrog fullness.

Soviet psychologist A. E. Lichko, zoo li lub German hlwb Karl Leonhard, lub notion ntawm "accentuation" siv nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb fawb. Thaum thov kom muaj ib qho kev vaj tse, lub sij hawm txhais tau tias nws yog faib zog tshaj lwm leej lwm tus, xws li khij ib kab. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, accentuation - qhov no yog qhov qhia txog tej yam qhov zoo. tej yam kev xwm txheej yuav muaj heev heev, thaum lwm tus neeg yuav tau kis tau yooj yim rau ib tug neeg uas muaj ib tug tej yam zoo. Qhov tsab xov xwm no yuav piav txog hom accentuation Licko thiab Leonhard.

Psychology txim hluav taws xob tsis yog nruj kev qhuab qhia. Hom accentuation yeej ib txwm piav txog thiab luag yeej tsis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov ntshiab daim ntawv. Txhua tus neeg muaj peev xwm nrhiav tau lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv ob los yog ntau tshaj ib hom.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov hauj lwm nws tus kheej mus rau ib tug kev qeb yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav aimless. Amused puas siab puas ntsws kev ntsuam xyuas, koj yuav tsum nug koj tus kheej ib lo lus nug: "Vim li cas kuv ua li no?" Yog hais tias ib tug neeg paub hais tias nws belongs rau ib pab pawg neeg los yog lwm, nws yuav tsum tau ua hauj lwm tawm rau lawv tus kheej qhov kev tsim nyog raug mob zoo, nws tus kheej-kev pab. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum paub cov neeg lub tswv yim hais tias yog muab los ntawm psychologists rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm txawv cov chav kawm ntawv, thiab thov kom lawv lub neej.

Ib suam ntawm A. E. Lichko

Soviet kev puas siab ntsws soj ntsuam cov hom ntawm accentuation cov hluas. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, nws tib leeg xwb kaum ib pawg. Nta hom ntawm cov ua cim accentuation nyob rau hauv nws lub hom phiaj muaj ntau npaum li cas nyob rau hauv ntau nrog cov kev faib ntawm Karl Leonhard. Cia peb xav txog lawv nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim.

hyperthymic hom

Cov theem siab ntawm lub zog, lub peev xwm los nrhiav tau sai sai cuag nrog tib neeg, striving rau kev coj noj coj - tag nrho cov uas distinguishes hyperthymic hom accentuation. Licko xam tau tias yog gipertimnye ntau yam ntxwv peculiar rau thaum tiav hluas. Lub siab lub siab lub ntsws laus ua tus neeg sawv cev ntawm pawg no ntawm cov thawj coj nyob rau hauv tej lub tuam txhab. Lawv yog cov tsis txhoj puab heev. Tej zaum yuav nyob rau hauv tej teeb meem, tab sis tsuas yog koj khiav mus rau ntse tsis sib xws los lawv cov kev ua. Yog li ntawd nws yog zoo dua tsis mus rau sawv ntsug nyob rau hauv lawv txoj kev, tab sis nyob rau hauv tsis tooj, yuav xav kom mus ua hauj lwm.

Lub superficiality ntawm kev txaus siab - tsis zoo losis phem uas muaj hyperthymic hom accentuation. Nws tej zaum lawv yuav muaj ntau yam peev xwm, tab sis lawv cov kev txaus siab yog tsis ruaj tsis khov.

cycloidal hom

Lub ntsiab yam ntxwv ntawm pawg no yog lub variability ntawm moods. Elated lub xeev yog hloov los ntawm kev tu siab, irritability. Thiab qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov Team sib ntawm ob mus rau peb lub lis piam.

labile hom

Emotional laus cov tub ntxhais hluas Lichko daim ntawv ceeb toom yuav tsis tau txhais raws li lub stably qis los yog siab. Lawv mus ob peb vas yog tsis ruaj tsis khov, nws yuav hloov sai heev. Li no nws yog tseem tau mus qhia ob subtypes: lub reactive-labile thiab sab kev xav labile. Tus thawj nws mus ob peb vas kev hloov vim lwm yam. Cov xwm txheej ntawm lwm yam lawm vim puab yaam puab paub.

Cov neeg sawv cev labile hom tej zaum zoo li tsis muaj ab tsi rau lwm tus neeg. Tab sis qhov no yog tsis muaj tseeb - ib tug tiag tiag qhov teeb meem rau ib co ntawm lawv yuav tsum yog tus muaj peev xwm mus qhia lawv cov kev xav kom zoo. Nrog tob hlub rau tus hlub, lawv tsis paub yuav ua li cas qhia rau lawv.

Asthenoneurotic hom

Cov neeg uas yuav mus rau hauv pawg no - lub ntsiab qhua ntawm kev kho mob hauv tsev. Lawv lub ntsiab sib txawv yog tus tsom xam rau lub xeev ntawm nws lub cev. Tsis yog koj unwell, tej zaum lawv yuav xav tias ntawm ib cov kab mob - ib tug scale lawv mistrust.

sensitive hom

Lub ntsiab yam ntxwv ntawm pawg no ntawm cov hluas, pom Licko, yog npau taws me ntsis, uas yog reflected nyob rau hauv lawv tus cwj pwm. Neeg kuj txawv nyob rau hauv lub hom rhiab heev txob taus. Lawv tsis muaj zog chaw - ib tug loj lub tuam txhab. Nyob rau hauv lawv, lawv yeej ib txwm xav tias seeb, sim ua tib zoo soj ntsuam dab tsi tshwm sim, thiab tej zaum kuj luam lwm yam demeanor. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub rhiab hom yuav nyiam cov xim ntawm tag nrho cov tuam txhab, piv txwv li, mus rau tej yam yuam kev. Tab sis nws yog tau nws yog tsis muaj zog, thiab lawv revert rov qab mus rau lub yav dhau los lub xeev tsuas ntxiv exacerbate lub shyness.

Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub rhiab hom yog ib qho nyuaj ua hauj lwm, lub luag hauj lwm, muaj peev xwm tsim kom muaj thiab tswj sib sib zog nqus phooj ywg.

psychasthenic hom

Yus xaiv tsis tau. Tej tsev neeg teeb meem no yuav ua ib qhov chaw rau psychasthenic me tsis paub tseeb. Lawv txawv los ntawm ntshav txawj ntse thiab kev cog qoob loo nyob rau hauv lawv tshawb pom. Tab sis lub yav tas yog tsis tshua paub tseeb hais tias tus neeg mob. Psychasthenic nws lam ua tej yam yuav ua yog thaum cov neeg moments thaum luj qhov pros thiab cons.

schizoid hom

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias lawv yog heev lam tau lam ua hauv los ntawm schizoid zoo tsis muaj peev xwm rau nrog - lawv yog cov tsis rhiab rau qhov mob ntawm lwm tus neeg. Schizoid hom accentuation muaj ib tug zoo sab - lawv ua zoo inventors. Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg uas muaj ntau tib neeg kev kawm yog schizoid. Lawv lub ntsiab feature uas tam sim ntawd catches lub qhov muag yog lub oddity. "Nws tsis yog ntawm lub ntiaj teb no" - nws yog tau hais txog lub schizoid.

epileptoid hom

Qhov tseem ceevfaj heev thiab kus kes rau kev nthuav dav hom. Nws yuav zoo li tias tus zoo nyob rau hauv cov yeeb yam zoo? Tab sis cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lwm yam yog ib qhov nyuaj rau xav txog tej yam nyob rau hauv ib co hauj lwm. Piv txwv li, qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov xib fwb ntawm kev kawm txog zauv los yog physics - nws epileptoidy. Lawv precision thiab kom nthuav dav yog indisputable zoo nyob rau hauv cov kev qhia ntawm tej yam ntuj tso sciences.

hysteroid hom

Rau hauv pawg no, tag nrho lub neej yog ib tug lossis loj theem. Ib txhia neeg tej zaum yuav chiv tau frustrating yuav nyob rau hauv ib haiv neeg nrog isteroidom. Tom qab tag nrho, lawv lub ntsiab zoo yog ib qhov xav ua qhov chaw ntawm cov xim. Tab sis rau tej yam professions teej tug mus rau cov hoob kawm no (nws counterpart nyob rau hauv Leonhard - demonstrative hom accentuation) yog ib qho zoo dua. Piv txwv li, tawm ntawm isteroidov zoo heev salesmen, lam, hu nkauj.

nrov heev nthe hom

Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm pawg no nyob rau hauv Lika heev irresponsible cov hluas. Lawv yog cov uas sawv daws yuav uas tsis tau muaj ib tug tshwm txaus siab, yuav luag tsis xav txog kuv yav tom ntej. Tsis ruaj tsis khov yuav tsis ntev mloog zoo rau hauv kev ua hauj lwm, lawv yog txawv los ntawm ib tug tas mus li lub siab xav rau idleness thiab kev lom zem.

Lub conformal hom

Ib tug txawv feature yog lub conformist siab tsis txawv los ntawm ib puag ncig. Lawv motto - "yuav zoo li txhua leej txhua tus lwm tus." Tsis zoo feature ntawm pawg no yog cov nyiam txoj nyob rau hauv ib tug yooj yim teeb meem no. Conformal neeg yuav tsis raug kev txom nyem los ntawm lub siab rov nkaug - nws ua, nws yuav ib txwm nrhiav ib tug zam txim rau.

Lub hom ntawm cov ua cim accentuation ntawm Leonhard

Karlom Leongardom twb faib kaum ob cwm pwm hom. Nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev uas nws tshuam nrog cov kev faib ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm ib tug tus kheej, thiab ib co hom yog zoo tib yam. Leonhard tau tsim peb pawg: cov thawj twb muaj feem xyuam rau cov accentuation ntawm cov ua cim, thiab lub thib ob - accentuation luv. Lub rau ntawm kev xaiv ntawm peb pab pawg neeg - tus nta (kub siab rau lawv tus kheej los yog lub ntiaj teb sab nraum).

Ua ntej peb yuav hais qhov txawv ntawm luv thiab cov ua cim. Cov neeg uas tsis paub nrog psychology, feem ntau yam cov tswv yim. Tab sis txawm ib co psychologists yuav xav hais tias li cas thiab cov ua cim - tib yam tshaj plaws.

Luv - yog cov kev ceev ntawm tib neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov txheej xwm. Qhov no zoo yog, es, cov physiological thaj chaw ntawm lub paj hlwb. Los ntawm luv hais txog siab ntsws xav, degree ntawm teb, poise. Lub cim - yog pej xeem txoj kev kawm ntawv. Pib los ntawm kev yug me nyuam, lwm tus neeg raws li tawm mus rau tus me nyuam nws lub cim. Cov kev sib raug zoo cov kev sib tshuam "pwm" nws cwm pwm.

Yog li ntawd, Karl Leonhard siv ib tug faib nyob rau hauv raws li cov ua cim, siab luv thiab cwm pwm yam ntxwv, thiab cov kev rau qee ntawm cov pawg twb tib neeg kev sis raug zoo yeej.

Accentuation txuam nrog luv

• Hyperthymic hom. Ntsiab Nta - muaj, sociability. Raws li ib tug me nyuam hyperthymia muaj ib tug zoo lub cim xeeb, yooj yim kawm. Nyob rau hauv thaum tiav hluas yeej ua tau kev tsis sib haum, vim hais tias lawv ua tsis yeej ib txwm pab pawg neeg tso cai hyperthymia coj ib tug leading txoj hauj lwm. Raws li cov neeg laus, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm pawg no yog sociable thiab nquag. Lawv yog cov yooj yim mus nrhiav tau ib tug ntau hom lus, yog hais tias tsis mus koom lub txheem.
• Dysthymic hom. Gloom, phlegm, nkees tshua - lub ntsiab nta dysthymico. Lawv yog cov uas ntsiag to thiab zoo li yuav incorrigible pessimists. Qhov zoo sab ntawm dysthymic hom yog lub luag hauj lwm ntawm tsim kev txiav txim zoo ntawm kev ncaj ncees.
• Labile hom. Nws, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub cais ntawm ib tug tus kheej, txawv los ntawm lub peev xwm ceev nrooj hloov lub mus ob peb vas. Txawm crudely hais lo lus yuav ua rau Tus Neeg Sawv Cev labile hom. Zoo mus ob peb vas yuav deteriorate txawm vim lub fact tias nws pib los nag.
• Excitable hom. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm no hom ntawm uas tsis yog-contentious, zoo li cov haiv neeg, attentive rau lwm tus neeg. Exalted hom accentuation distinguishes amorous, ib tug ib txwm mus sublime txoj kev xav, sociability. Nyob rau cov neeg zoo li sai heev cuam tshuam rau cov txheej xwm ntawm lwm lub ntiaj teb no - los ntawm txoj kev lawv tau yooj yim tuaj mus rau lub delight ntawm qhov tsis zoo - mus panic. Muaj ntau designers, musicians thiab ntxias tau txais kev tsa nto hom accentuation.

• Tswb hom. Lub ntsiab feature - ib tug kev xav ntawm kev ntxhov siab vim rau tsis muaj khees vim li cas. Txhawj xeeb me nyuam sai sai paub txog cov phooj ywg, thiab vim hais tias ntawm lawv cov indecision, tej zaum lawv yuav ua tus kwv uas ridicule. Raws li cov laus, lawv yog tsawg kawg yog mistrust, tsis yog cov me nyuam. Yog li ntawd tsis yooj yim rau cov neeg mus hais rau. Txawm li cas los, ib tug alarming accentuation hom muaj nws cov zoo - nws cov neeg sawv cev muaj ib tug nplua nuj puab ntiaj teb no, thiab yeej ib txwm tau txaus ntsuam xyuas lawv muaj peev xwm. Ntawm cov lwm yam lawv perceive kev muaj tiag ntau kom meej meej.
• Emotive hom. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov neeg sawv cev ntawm no qeb ntawm "xav tias" txoj kev xav. Lawv lub ntsiab nta yog siab zoo, lub luag hauj lwm, muaj peev xwm rau empathy, tsis muaj teeb meem. Cov neeg emotive hom yuav xav tias ntawm cov yooj yim xwb nyob rau hauv lub tuam txhab ntawm tus hlub. Lawv yog cov zoo-hearted, compassionate, thiab txaus siab rau txoj kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov xwm ntau tshaj lwm leej lwm tus. Nyob rau hauv soj ntsuam nrog lawv yeej ib txwm pom lawv txoj kev xav. Lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqis rau lawv - zoo kev sib raug zoo nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg thiab cov nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm. Cov neeg sawv cev emotive hom yog heev lam tau lam ua nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo mus rau lub callousness thiab tsis paub coj tus cwj pwm.

Accentuation nyob rau hauv raws li nrog nta ntawm cov ua cim

• Daig hom. Ib tug txiv neej teej tug mus rau pawg no yuav tau npog nyob rau lub xyoo ib tug tej yam kev xav. Yog hais tias nws yog tsis zoo tus cwj pwm txawv uas tsis zoo cim, ces lawv tsim txom daig rau ib ntev lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm. Lub pursuit ntawm cov hom phiaj - lub ntsiab yam ntxwv ntawm no accentuation. Daig hom twg thiaj li raug nws zoo los ntawm tag nrho cov txhais tau tias. Feem ntau, nws nyhav tuaj tos ib tug zoo mus ncig teb chaws tus khub. Los ntawm tau txais daig tawm zoo thawj coj nyob rau hauv tej yam kev ua si. Txawm li cas los, yog hais tias lawv txoj hmoo yuav muaj tsis tau raws li rosy, lawv muaj peev xwm ua tus thawj coj ntawm cov neeg loj leeb. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, raws li ib tug demonstrative, tau daig hom accentuation Nws yuav tsum tau paub los ntawm cov haiv neeg. Txawm li cas los, nws yuav tsum tau yuav tsum tau txais kev hwm, hwjchim ci ntsa iab, muaj nyob rau hauv ib lub hauv paus.

• Pedantic hom. Raws li nrog rau epileptoidov kev faib Licko, lub yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm no pab pawg neeg - thoroughness thiab mloog kom meej. Pedantic txaus siab nyob rau hauv chaw ua hauj lwm ib puag ncig rau lawv lub luag hauj lwm thiab ua hauj lwm zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no accentuation yog manifested nyob rau hauv qhov kev kho mob ntawm lawv tus kheej kev noj qab nyob, tsis muaj tsis tau phem. Cov downside rau cov neeg no yog ib qhov ntshai ua yuam kev, perfectionism.

• Excitable hom. Impulsiveness, txob taus, muaj siab kom los siav surging impulses tam sim ntawd - qhov no yog dab tsi characterizes lub excitable hom accentuation. Cov neeg teej tug mus rau qhov no pab pawg neeg no feem ntau yog muab tej txiaj ntsim nrog ib theem siab ntawm tej teeb meem, feem ntau tsav tsheb rau lawv mus tsim full-fledged kev sib raug zoo. Qhov kom zoo dua cov lus dag nyob rau hauv lub fact tias lawv siab nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no.
• Demonstrative hom. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los mus txiav txim, pib los ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm ob tug. Cov me nyuam, ib zaug tau nyob rau hauv lub tsom teeb, thiab ces ua kom yeej nws, tuaj dab tsi yuav. Yog hais tias qhov no sib yog txaus siab los ntawm lawv niam lawv txiv, lawv yuav luag ib txwm inflated, tsis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb backed, self-esteem. Schoolchildren ntawm no hom yuav tsum tau teem caij li ib qho piv txwv rau lwm tus neeg. Yog li ntawd nws yog tsis ib qho yooj yim kom paub txog tias lawv muaj peev xwm nyob rau hauv ib tug cheeb tsam yuav tsis yog ntau tshaj qhov nruab nrab. Nyob rau lwm cov tes, demonstrative hom accentuation distinguished artistry, zoo saj nyob rau hauv cov khaub ncaws.

Hom accentuation raws li cov cwm pwm yam ntxwv

• Introverted hom. Yus los ntawm lawv cov yaam puab paub, avoidance ntawm kev hu rau. Kev muaj tiag rau lawv tseem tsis tau yog nyob rau hauv relation mus rau lub puab ntiaj teb no. Introverts yog lub luag hauj lwm, unobtrusive, zoo li ntiag tug.
• Extroverted hom. Nws cov neeg sawv cev - ntseeg cov neeg uas hlub ua nyob ib ncig ntawm cov neeg thiab tau txais lawv lub zog los ntawm kev cais. Lawv yog cov tsis inclined mus nyob rau yam ntawm lub puab lub neej, yeej ib txwm ua nyob rau hauv raws li dab tsi ua rau nws ib tug kev muaj tiag.

Qhov kev tshawb xav Licko tau nce siv cov psychologists raws li ib tug paub txog ua nws kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv cov neeg noj qab (hluas). Leonhard kev faib yog ntau feem ntau siv los ntawm psychiatrists. Txawm tias lub npe, nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si classifications, cov pab pawg muaj tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog kev puas hlwb noj qab haus huv tej teeb meem. Schizoid hom accentuation, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub tsis txhais hais tias lub xub ntiag ntawm schizophrenia - tag nrho cov ntsiab lus uas yog zwj ceeb. Ntau hom ntawm accentuation txhais li cas heev ntawm feature nyob rau hauv lub cev ntau.