Granite (pob zeb): tus yam ntxwv thiab lub zog. granite deposits

Nrog latin "granite" yog txhais li "grain". Nws yog ib tug loj heev grained volcanic pob zeb, uas twb tsim nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm gradual txias thiab solidification ntawm magma ntawm ib tug txaus tob. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws cov keeb kwm tau ntawm metamorphism, nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, thaum granitisation txawv breeds. Heev feem ntau muaj nqi nrog arrays ntawm granite magmatic, metamorphic thiab mixed keeb kwm. Granite - ib lub pob zeb, lub feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb ua kiav txhab.

Muab nws cov yam ntxwv, peb yuav hais tias nws yog ib tug heev check cov ntaub ntawv uas, uas qhov kev siv nws yog ib yam. Ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yam ntxwv ntawm tus yug yog xav tau nws cov high zog.

zoo

1. Zog. Granite - pob zeb, uas yog txawv kuj mus puas, compression thiab tsis sib haum xeeb. Qhov no heev ntom lub pob zeb (nws compressive zog ntawm 90-250 MPa).
2. Durability. Fine-grained granite yog pib qhia cov thawj cov cim qhia ntawm tsis ua hauj lwm tom qab 500 xyoo, yog li nws yog hu ua "nyob mus ib txhis" pob zeb.
3. Kuj mus acids thiab atmospheric phenomena. Granite - nws yog ib qhov zoo tshaj plaws pob zeb rau sab nrauv kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsev.
4. Tus phooj ywg environmentally. Ntuj radioactivity theem ntawm lub ntsiab kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm Granites sau raws nkaus Ii mus rau tus thawj chav kawm ntawv. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, lawv Tawg Kev Nyab Xeeb, thiab yog li ntawd tsis tsim rau tag nrho cov hom ntawm kev tsim kho.
5. Dej resistant. Qhov no kuj yog ib tug zoo feature granite. Ya raws nws yuav luag tsis nqus. Uas yog vim li cas lub pob zeb haum rau cladding ntawm vaj tse, embankments thiab thiaj li nyob.
6. Lub richness ntawm textures. Unpolished ntxhib pob zeb uas absorbs lub teeb thiab polished mus rau ib tug ci zoo kawg nkaus, uas qhia hauv lub ntiaj teb lub teeb kev ua si inclusions ntawm mica - hniav possibilities ntawm no mineral yog tau txhais lub feem ntau complex tsim cov tswv yim.
7. Ib tug loj loj xim palette. Cov feem ntau mineral yog xav tau grey, tab sis kuj pom ib tug liab granite, txiv kab ntxwv, liab, blue-ntsuab, xiav-grey.
8. Compatibility nrog lwm yam ntaub ntawv. Nws yog zoo ua ke nrog hlau, ntoo, ceramics thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv uas yog siv nyob rau hauv hnub no tus siv kev lag luam. Nws muaj peev xwm "haum" rau hauv txhua txhua sab hauv - los ntawm ultra-niaj hnub mus classic.

Granites loj nplej raug muab faib mus rau hauv:

• zoo-grained;
• medium-;
• ntxhib.

Yog hais tias peb xav txog qhov zoo pob zeb, lub granite cov yam ntxwv ntawm no hom yuav sib txawv heev los ntawm tus so. Pab no yog pab txwv kom cov neeg kho tshuab kev nyuaj siab zoo npaum li cas. Nyob rau hauv lub lag luam, nws ris ntau uniformly thaum rhuab tsawg nrib pleb resistant rau weathering.

Qhov no pab pawg neeg yog lub feem ntau kim thiab high-zoo. Distinguished kuj rau kev puas tsuaj, dej kuj thiab siab zog. Ntxhib kuaj yog yus muaj los ntawm tsis txaus hluav taws kuj. Thaum rhuab saum toj no 600˚S lawv pib tawg thiab ua rau kom nyob rau hauv volume. Uas yog vim li cas tej zaum nyob rau hauv lub tsev tom qab cov hluav taws kub muaj peev xwm feem ntau yuav pom tawg granite stairs thiab cov kauj ruam.

Dua li ntawm qhov zoo heev ceev thiab lub dag lub zog, pob zeb yog yooj yim ua: polished, polished thiab txiav. Nws muaj zoo heev thermal conductivity, vim hais tias ntawm yog dab tsi yog feem ntau thov kom tso cua sov.

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus saum toj no cov yam ntxwv pom tau hais tias yuav qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom no. Tab sis granite pob zeb nws muaj nws cov drawbacks. Lub ntsiab disadvantage yog suav tias yog nws cov hnyav hnyav, ua tsaug rau uas nws yog ib tug ntawm cov toughest finishing cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no yam ntxwv yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum tsim kev tsim kho tej yaam num.

Lub Khoos Loos Tsev thiab tshuaj pes tsawg leeg

Granite - pob zeb, uas muaj granular siv lead ua qauv. Enriched alkalis, nplua nuj nyob rau hauv silica, thaum lub hlau, magnesium thiab calcium uas muaj tsawg dua.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov mineral nyob rau hauv nws txhais li cas tus nqi:

• feldspars - 60-65%;
• quartz - 25-30%;
• maub-xim minerals - 5-10%.

Cov xim ntawm cov pob zeb nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw nyob ntawm qhov xwm ntawm Feldspar tam sim no nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, nws yog xim gray nrog rau ntau yam ntxoov liab, liab, grey, xiav, txiv kab ntxwv, tej zaum xiavlus-ntsuab.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tus tsim ntawm maub-xim Hawj txawm cuam tshuam Cheebtsam. Cov ntsiab ntawm cov pob zeb feem ntau muab tsaus xim, feem ntau yog ntsuab. Piv txwv li yog lub yantsevsky granite.

Tab sis quartz yog feem ntau tsis muaj kob, yog li ntawd, rau qhov xwm ntawm cov xim yog tsis cuam tshuam. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav tej zaum nrhiav tau mineral quartz nrog dub, yam tsawg kawg - purplish-liab. Heev tsawg minerals pom tau hais tias yuav muaj ib tug xiav quartz. Feem ntau cov ornamental yam ntxwv - nyob rau hauv zoo lub teeb grey designs nrog ib tug xiav tint. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, thov yog heev ntsuab thiab liab granite.

tsos

Raws li hais saum toj no, ib tug mineral lug siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho. Qhov no yog yooj yim piav qhia. Granite - sedimentary pob zeb, uas yog zoo kawg nkaus polished. Cov tau daim iav nto thaum tswj lub sij hawm ntev nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm siv cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv tus txheej phab ntsa.

Tsis tas li ntawd lub pob zeb yog ib qho yooj yim mus ua hauj lwm, ib qho yooj yim kom tau ntau yam ntaub ntawv. Koom Haum Niam ntxhib los mos ntawm granite nto tseem ceeb rau hauv monumental tsev, muab ib qho kev nthuav hniav nyhuv ntawm lub teeb thiab duab ntxoov ntxoo ua si.

Txawm li cas los, tej yam zoo nkauj pob zeb Kev ntxhib los mos yog tau tsuas yog tom qab lub tshav kub kev kho mob. Qhov no siv feem ntau mus rau lub teeb grey ntxoov uas yog tom qab kev kho mob yuav luag tsis muaj piam thaj dawb.

deposit

Lub ntsiab hauv daim ntawv ntawm tshwm sim no yog batholiths. Lawv sawv cev rau ib tug loj array ntawm ob peb hectares. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, tus yug cov lus dag nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov stocks, dikes thiab lwm yam sab lub cev. Tej zaum mineral ntaub ntawv ob peb tabular lub cev alternating nrog sedimentary thiab metamorphic pob zeb.

Yog hais tias peb tham txog granite deposits, lub tom kawg yog nyob rau ntawm txhua txhua tus continents. Yeej, nws los mus rau qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam, uas tau ua los ntawm ancient pob zeb, nyob qhov twg, vim yaig thiab denudation dab tshwm sim kev puas tsuaj ntawm overburden.

Nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, no tsiaj yog pom nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb ntawm lub teb chaws, raws li tus Atlantic ntug dej hiav txwv, nyob rau hauv lub roob ntawm cov dub Toj thiab lub plawv ntawm lub Ozark toj siab. Lub pob zeb yog mined nyob rau hauv Georgia, Wisconsin, South Dakota thiab Vermont.

Tsis tas li ntawd nws yog ib qho nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv lub post-lag luam rau txog 200 deposits. Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm lawv: Mokryanskoe, Malokohnovskoe, Mikashevichi.

Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Russia granite yog lub feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub Karelian-Kola cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv Eastern Siberia, nyob rau hauv lub Urals, lub Far East thiab lub Caucasus. Niaj hnub no muaj txog tsib caug teb, nyob rau hauv uas lub daim yog muab rho tawm mineral. Granite rubble thiab fwj mined nyob rau hauv lub pas dej Ladoga, Onega, Arkhangelsk thiab Voronezh cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv Karelian Isthmus, nyob rau hauv lub Chelyabinsk thiab Sverdlovsk cheeb tsam, lub Khabarovsk Krai thiab Primorye, nyob rau hauv East Transbaikalia. Zoo heev zoo nkauj yam ntxwv txawv rapakivi mined nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob ntawm lub teb chaws, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, yog muaj nuj nqis thiab amazanitovye hom Trans-Baikal thiab Ilmen roob. Lub teeb ntawm teb tsis ua hauj lwm txhua lub sij hawm, feem ntau nyob rau hauv gravel thiab rubble. Nyob rau hauv lawv, raws li yuav tsum tau, extract blocks ntawm granite, uas yog ua los ntawm veneer.

Muaj ob peb hom ntawm granite, lawv yuav tsum tau los sib tham nyob rau hauv qhov tsab xov xwm hauv qab no.

Gabbro-diabase

Qhov no rugged roob granite uniform tsos kob dub, nrog me me specks ntawm grey. Rau yav tom ntej accumulates, thiab ces muab lub tshav kub thoob plaws hauv lub loj yog rhuab tusyees, tus coos hom tsis poob zoo polishing thiab artistic zog.

Lub pob zeb no yog xav tau kev tsim kho cov ntaub ntawv 1 chav kawm ntawv. Nws tsis emit tej teeb meem impurities, nws tsis yog tej. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub Karelian gabbro-diabase - ib tug tshwj xeeb pob zeb tsim, uas muaj tsis muaj analogues nyob rau hauv lwm cov cheeb tsam ntawm peb lub teb chaws.

Cov mineral yog siv rau zus tau tej cov thaiv pob zeb txoj kev (block mosaic, paving blocks, curbs), rau qhov siv thiab ua sab hauv cov khoom thiab ntau yam ritual khoom, precision machinery, rau toj roob hauv pes tsim raws li ib tug hauv av pob zeb nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho. Yog zoo tagnrho rau sab hauv kho kom zoo nkauj thiab lub facade ntawm vaj tse, muaj ib feem nyob rau hauv lub gravel thiab fwj siv rau cua sov nyob rau hauv saunas thiab da.

Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm tag nrho cov, muaj 3 lub ntsiab cheeb tsam ntawm block pob zeb extraction:

• Ukrainian gabbro-diabase, uas raws li ua tsis tau zoo Karelian, tab sis pheej yig dua los ntawm yuav luag ib nrab. Nws yog tam sim no muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov hlau impurities, uas degrades qhov zoo tshaj ntawm lawm cov khoom, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no siv rau cov pob zeb duab sai sai yuav ploj mus.
• Australian gabbro-diabase, Karelian zoo xws li cov nyob rau hauv zoo, tab sis nws yog ntau npaum li cas kim heev.
• Gabbro, diabase Karelian uas muaj ib tug dub xim, tsis tshua muaj puas, siab zoo nkauj zog, durability, txias kuj, ntev yuav nqus poob rau ntawm nws.

Raws li qhov nqi koj tshuav ntawm zoo thiab tus nqi, nyob rau hauv Karelian gabbro-diabase feem ntau dua thov. Yog li ntawd nws txhua txhua xyoo tshee tsub kom. Lub koob meej ntawm txoj kev siv cov Karelian mineral vim nws durability thiab lub dag lub zog. Lub pob zeb no yog yuav luag tsis raug rau cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo ntawm qhov chaw. Nws yog ntev npaum li cas tseem muaj feem lub thaj chaw ntawm marble, thiab cov heev thawj cov cim qhia ntawm tsis ua hauj lwm tshwm sim tsuas yog tom qab ib puas xyoo.

"Shanxi Dub" (Suav granite)

Suav granite - pob zeb dub, uas yog pom tias yog ib qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Nws ua nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb Tuam Tshoj, nyob rau hauv Shanxi lub xeev Hwj Naj. Nws lub ntsiab kom zoo dua - ib tug nplua nuj thiab sib sib zog nqus dub nrog ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm inclusions. Nws yog siv rau facades, sab hauv kho kom zoo nkauj, ntau lawm ntawm cov khoom rau ntau lub hom phiaj, monuments thiab monuments.

Shoksha

Qhov no liab granite, tus nqi ntawm uas yog heev siv tau - txog 10 000 rubles / t mined nyob rau hauv lub koom pheej ntawm Karelia .. Nws yog yus muaj los ntawm siab zog thiab durability. Kws txawj hais tias cov khoom ua los ntawm nws rau ntau tshaj 600 xyoo, yuav tsis poob nws zoo lawm. Nws dai kom zoo nkauj mausoleums, palaces thiab monuments. Inscriptions thiab engraved portrait rau Shoksha contrasting saib.

"Kapustinsky" granite

Qhov no tsis yog niaj hnub zoo li thiab ntxhib, sawv liab, kaj, loj heev, vysokodekorativny granite, uas xyuas hais tias nws zoo kawg zoo nkauj. Teb ntawm kev siv haum rau qhov siv thiab ua pedestals, raws li zoo li lwm yam architectural lug, mus muab cov ntsiab ntawm cov lug thiab vaj tse, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyob qhov twg siab architectural expressiveness. Siv nyob rau hauv xov tuam tsev nco nyob rau Poklonnaya Hill, Manezhnoj cheeb tsam. Lub teb yog nyob rau hauv lub Kirov cheeb tsam, Ukraine.

labradorite

Nws yog ib tug natural pob zeb uas yog roob-granular crystalline pob zeb. Labradorite tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub magmatic depths. Lawv mas muaj xws li plagioclase, uas yog Feldspar. Tus qauv ntawm crystalline minerals. Nws yog muab faib mus rau hauv nruab nrab-grained thiab ntxhib-grained pob zeb.

Labradorite - ib yam ntawm cov anorthosite. Lub npe lawv tau txais los ntawm lawv cov thawj deposit - qhov thiaj li hu ua ceg av qab teb nyob rau hauv Canada. Niaj hnub no, zus tau tej cov ntuj pob zeb yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws, nrog rau cov Ukraine thiab Finland. Nyob rau hauv Russia, tseem muaj loj deposits. Tus thawj mineral lug twb pom nyob rau hauv lub Kievan Rus - ces qhov no granite twb tau muab siv heev dua lwm yam raws li ib tug txojkev pob zeb, ces lawv pib kho monumental tsev.

Yeej, qhov no granite grey los yog dub. Mafic minerals cia li muab lub pob zeb ib tug zoo tsaus nti ntxoov ntxoo. Lub ntsiab zog labradorites yog lawv te kuj thiab siab zog. Yog li ntawd, cov pob zeb no yog feem ntau siv rau sab nrauv kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov vaj tse.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, granite yog distinguished los ntawm cov yam ntxwv thiab textural zog.

porphyry

Qhov no Ural granite muaj elongated los yog isometric inclusions, uas txawv nyob rau hauv loj (ncav 10 centimeters) los ntawm lub cev lub ntsiab. Feem ntau sawv cev los ntawm orthoclase, quartz thiab microcline.

pegmatoid

Qhov no granite pob zeb nrog ib tug uniform yam ntxwv zeb. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm inclusions ntawm Feldspar thiab quartz - txog 3 centimeters.

Finnish granite

Qhov no granite - igneous pob zeb nrog cov yam ntxwv sib npaug heev heev thaj ua rau thaj ntawm orthoclase liab Hawj txawm mus txog rau tsib centimeters, surrounded los ntawm ib tug ciam teb ntawm cov kob xiav-ntsuab los yog txho oligoclase. Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm tej therein protrudes sau ua ib pawg nplej orthoclase, plagioclase, hornblende, quartz thiab biotite.

gneissose

Qhov no Ural yog uniformly grained granite pob zeb nrog ib tug pa yam ntxwv ntxhib-grain thaum uas tig mus orientation hornblende ib yam los yog mica plaub ya ri.

pegmatitic granite

Ib qho ntawm feem ntau hom yog suav tias yog pegmatite granite, muaj li ntawm muscovite, quartz thiab orthoclase. Raug tus neeg sawv cev ntawm no tsiaj - qhov thiaj li hu ua sau granite, Feldspar uas hlob nyob rau hauv me me formations ntawm quartz nyias npoo zoo.

Leznikovsky granite

Tshwj xeeb zog thiab tej chaw sib txawv ntawm cov liab thiab liab-liab leznikovsky granite, yog li lub npe raws li cov npe ntawm koj daim teb. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias thiaj hu ua ntau ntau yam ntawm granite. Piv txwv li, ib tug liab pob zeb - Mezhdurechensk Simonov, tokovsky, Emelyanovsky, Kapustinsky. Thiab ntawm no yog cov gray granite korninsky, Pokostivske, zhezhelevsky, Sophia.

rapakivi

Lwm nthuav ib tug yog ib yam ntawm cov mineral rapakivi. Nws yog ib tug porphyritic tag nrog zoo cov ntsiab lus ovoids.

dawb granite

Nws kuj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv dawb granite. Yuav ua li cas pob zeb nws yuav tsis teb tag nrho cov ntawm ib zaug. Cov tswvyim no yog ntau tshaj ib tug collective, raws li dawb raws li lub snow-dawb hu ua lub pob zeb thiab lwm yam minerals teeb ntxoov. Xim yuav sib txawv ntawm pearl gray mus rau lub teeb ntsuab.

daim ntawv thov

Nyob rau hauv hnub no tus siv granite nws yog li ntawd lug siv hais tias nws yuav hu ua ib tug tiag tiag ntau yam khoom.

sab hauv cov ntsiab lus

Cornices, Qhov rai, ntsia, baseboards, txee, bar saum, kas fes ntxhuav, txhua, Balusters - siab zog pob zeb yuav cia koj mus kom cov khoom los ntawm granite, thiab lawv yuav nyob twj ywm lawm ntau xyoo.

Stairs, plag tsev

Granite - ib cov khoom nrog ib tug tsawg degree ntawm puas. Yog hais tias koj yuav siv sij hawm nyob rau hauv koj chav tsev nyob rau stairs ntawm ib lab cov neeg ib lub xyoo, so nws tawm ntev, lawv yuav tsum tau mus rau ib tug tshaj plaws ntawm 0,12 hli.

Sab hauv thiab sab nrauv finishing

Granite - nws yog heev ergonomic khoom uas yuav muab rau koj ib tug heev xis nyob rau hauv lub tsev.

landscaping

Rockeries, alpine swb, tej yam me me pas dej, Japanese vaj, ua los ntawm granite, koj qhov chaw yuav ntxiv originality thiab naturalness.

Curbs, paving pob zeb rau Pavements, cov kauj ruam

Granite yog siv nrog kev vam meej nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas ib tug lossis loj "endurance" yog yuav tsum tau. Mineral resistant rau tshuaj paug, neeg kho tshuab kev nyuaj siab thiab kub hloov, vim hais tias nws cov khoom tsis hloov ntau mus ntawm khov thiab yaj.

txojkev embankments

Granite tsis yog nqus noo noo, thiab yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub pores ntawm lub pob zeb thaum qhov kub ntawm lub frozen dej yog tsim sab hauv ib tug ntxiv siab, uas yuav ua tau kom puas tsuaj ntawm cov pob zeb thiab tsim ntawm tej kab nrib pleb.

granite pavers

Kev siv ntawm paving pob zeb los ntawm cov pob zeb ntau txhiab xyoo. Raws li cov ancient Roman nto moo cobbled txoj kev thiab hnub no koj yuav taug kev; Txoj kev Paving pob zeb yuav muaj nyob rau hauv lub qhov qub txhua txhua European capital nroog; nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, thaum lub processing ntawm granite los ntawm cov masters tsis ua kom muaj teeb meem, pob zeb txoj kev thiab maj hloov ua vaj tse thiab asphalt.

Magic zog

Nws kuj zoo li thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, uas granite, cov duab uas yog nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, tsis muaj ib co tej yam yees siv zog, raws li nyob rau hauv niaj hnub qhov thiab lub tsev nws yog dav siv rau kho kom zoo nkauj, thiab yog li ntawd yog tsuas yog tus zoo nkauj tivthaiv. Tab sis muaj pov thawj hais tias qhov no mineral tau ua ib tug zoo dua tib neeg lub neej.

Granite tsa nyob rau hauv lub qub da dej. Nws yeej ib txwm tus huv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv uas ib tug yuav so kom txaus. Ntawm no yog ib lo lus nug xwb tsis txog cov attractiveness thiab veneer pob zeb, tab sis hais tias cov mineral yuav tiv thaiv thaj chaw thiab tus neeg uas los ntawm tsis zoo energies.

Muaj yog ib tug naas ej kab lus: "gnaw granite science". Nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub nws tau txais tsis muaj caij nyoog. Granite (ib co pob zeb nyob rau hauv no lub ntsiab lus, tsis) muaj zog mus tsim kho kev sib txuas lus thiab kev puas hlwb kev ua tau zoo.

Liab Granite pab nrhiav kev sib nrig sib to taub nrog lub ntiaj teb no, tsub kom nws qhov, nrog nws cov tswv ua rau nws ntau teb thiab saj zawg zog.

lam zog

Granite, uas daim duab yuav pom nyob rau hauv no los xyuas, ib tug broad spectrum ntawm medicinal zog uas yuav pab txhawb rau ntau yam loj cov kab mob. Cov lawv - mob ntsws, mob hawb pob, mob plawv, ntsws.

Pob zeb rau mob khaub thuas pab kom txo tau qhov kub thiab txias, muaj ib tug zoo ntxim rau cov nqaj qaum thiab pob qij txha, thaum muaj teeb meem nrog lawv.

mascot

Granite - Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mascot rau cov neeg uas tau mob siab rau lawv lub neej mus rau science los yog pedagogy. Mineral sharpens qhov, tej cim xeeb thiab kev meej pem xav thiab thiaj li nyob. N.

Cov khoom siv los ntawm ib tug granite yuav ua tau zoo meej charms rau cov xib fwb thiab cov xib fwb, lawv yuav tau mus pab nrhiav ib txoj kev rau tawv ncauj thiab tsis yooj yim rua cov miv nyuas, raws li zoo raws li los yeej lawv credibility.

Granite - ib tug mineral nrog unconditional zoo zog, uas tsis yuav ua mob tau rau leej twg, li no, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob ntshai.

Granite: xyuas

Vim hais tias granite yog heev nrov nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho, nyob qhov twg, incidentally, twb tau muab siv rau ntau pua xyoo, xyuas ntawm nws yuav tsis tau yooj yim mus nrhiav tau. Yuav luag tag nrho cov uas tau mus rau nrog no zoo kawg li cov ntaub ntawv uas, admired nws cov high zog thiab zoo kawm. Lwm yam ntshais nws nqi. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws yog tsim nyog los noj mus rau hauv tus account uas sib txawv ntawm cov minerals tej zaum yuav txawv tus nqi. Yog li ntawd koj yuav yeej ib txwm xaiv txoj cai kev xaiv no yog rau koj.