Filonov paintings, Phau ntawv sau txog cov artist

Ib tug zoo heev tus neeg sawv cev ntawm Lavxias teb sab avant-garde Pavel Nikolaevich Filonov los ntawm thaum pib ntawm lub XX xyoo pua lub npe hu ua tus sau ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb, analytical painting. A lus dab neeg yog nws ua cim muaj zog, uas tshwm sim artist khov kho txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv lub rightness ntawm nws discoveries, nws xav xav tau nrog ua hauj lwm thiab monastic asceticism nyob rau hauv lub neej.

Nws ua hauj lwm - ib feem ntawm cov keeb kwm ntawm avant-garde painting. Nyob rau hauv daim duab no Filonov - ib tug tshwm sim remarkably thawj, uas tau los ua tus tshwm sim ntawm lub theoretical uas craftsmen uas ua tej zaum qhov tseem ceeb tshaj yog ib feem ntawm nws txojsia.

pib

Nws yug los nyob rau hauv 1883 mus rau hauv ib tug pluag tsev neeg ntawm cov neeg tsiv teb los ntawm Ryazan peasants uas tau tsiv nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm ib tug zoo dua lub neej nyob rau hauv Moscow. Kuv txiv yog ib tug coachman, ib leej niam - laundress. Inspired los ntawm cov painting, Paul sai pom tau hais tias painting yog nws lifework.

Tom qab thawj hom kev kawm nyob rau pawg ntseeg lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Moscow, nws kawm tiav los ntawm cov hoob kawm nyob rau hauv painting thiab painting Rhiav nyob rau hauv 1901 twb nyob rau hauv Petersburg. Muaj, tom qab uas lawv tau raug orphaned, nws tsiv qab nws tus niam hluas, uas twb sib yuav.

Ua hauj lwm cov neeg pleev kob, theem ib tug coj tus nyiaj khwv tau los, tej zaum yuav ua tau kom nrhiav tau ib tug tej yam pictorial xyaum. Yog li ntawd, cov artist txiav ntaqwm kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub painting ntawm cov phab ntsa hauv ib co nplua nuj chav tsev thiab nyob rau hauv lub kho tshiab ntawm lub zoo nkauj dluab ntawm lub dome ntawm St. Ixaj tus Cathedral.

Nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus nrog cov chav kawm Filonov kawm nqus cov chav kawm hauv lub "Society rau txhawb of Arts," thiab ua kom npaj txhij mus rau hauv lub Academy of Arts. Tus thawj los - nyob rau hauv 1903 - yog ib tug tsis ua hauj lwm, thiab Filonov nkag mus hauv lub private Dmitrieva-Caucasian studio mus ntxiv nws artistic kev kawm ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv 1908, nws tau los ua ib tug volunteer nyob rau lub Academy, tab sis tom qab ob xyoos, yeem nplooj, tsis nrhiav kev nkag siab ntawm cov professors vim hais tias ntawm ib yam nkaus thiab peculiar views on kos duab.

Cov artist-soj ntsuam

Analytical mus kom ze rau pictorial duab qhia twb earliest paintings ntawm Filonov hu ua "Taub Hau" (1910), "tus txiv neej thiab poj niam" (1912), "Ob tug poj niam thiab Riders" (1912), "East thiab West" (1912). Lawv tsis muaj ntau cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus tswv nqus cov dluab ntawm lub teeb ntawm ci ci hlwb, tab sis qhov no yog kom meej meej paub daws teeb tej hauj lwm.

Muaj yog ib tug kws txuj ci no rau qhia lub tswv yim, tsuas yog kov txog rau cov khoom, uas yog tag nrho ntawm cov duab. Yuav kom ua degrees cov hauj lwm cov artist nug cov lus nug hais txog kev kawm haiv neeg, tau poob lub hom phiaj thiab qhia lawv helplessness rau yav tom ntej shocks.

Lub ambiguity ntawm tus artist lub paintings ntawm Filonov lub "tsiab peb caug of Kings" (1912-1913) yog haunted los ntawm cov kev soj ntsuam ntawm nws ua hauj lwm kom deb li deb. Qhov chaw uas muaj cov nuj nqis muaj qhia tau meej heev biblical npaum nkaus mythological cim supra scale.

Nws yog tag nrho ntawm mysterious allusions thiab mysterious mus. Nws yog suav hais tias yog feem ntau mysterious daim duab ntawm tus tswv, thaum pom zoo nrog nws cov khees yaj saub qualities. Mingled kav cov vaj ntxwv thiab niam vaj ntxwv, yog nyob rau lub zwm txwv, ua disturbing muaj pes tsawg leeg tsiaj ntawv nrog rau cov pej xeem mus ob peb vas ua ntej lub ntiaj teb ua ntej ua tsov ua rog. Lub ritual tsiab peb caug kav cov vaj ntxwv Filonov yog nyob mus ib txhis thiab yog yam rau tej ntev ntawm lub sij hawm.

txheej txheem tug

Yug rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm lub ntiaj teb no nyuaj siab ntxhov plawv nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov spheres ntawm pej xeem lub neej, Pavel Filonov, uas nws paintings yog ib tug ntshiab qhia tias yog leejtwg nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thiab nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm aspiration, - ib feem ntawm lub zuag qhia tag nrho artistic txheej txheem, thiab tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv Russia.

Nws koom nyob rau hauv cov kev ua ub ntawm lub artistic lub koom haum "Union ntawm cov hluas", tom qab ntawd collaborating nrog paj huam-futurists, xws li Vladimir Mayakovsky thiab Velimir Khlebnikov. Nyob rau hauv kev sib tham nrog lub Cubists, nws thaum kawg txiav txim siab los ntawm cov ideological Siv ntawm lub tswv yim lub ntiaj teb no - lub analytical kos duab.

Nyob rau hauv 1912 Filonov yuav siv sij hawm ib qho chaw twg los ntawm Fabkis thiab Ltalis, tsiv, raws li nws muab nws, mus ko taw thiab ua haujlwm tau nyiaj ib tug nyob raws li ib tug tub ua zog. Nws tau ntsib cov legacy ntawm tus poj masters ntawm yav dhau los thiab nrog tus tshiab-fangled tiam sis booming artistic lub neej ntawm cov teb chaws Europe. Tus thawj paintings los ntawm Picasso thiab lwm yam Cubist nws pom nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm avant-garde kos duab - nyob rau hauv Paris - thiab ua rau lawv nws tus kheej lub tswv yim.

Filonov lub theoretical legacy

Lub nyiam mus rau ib tug tas mus li thiab meej tsom xam - qhov no tau yeej ib txwm tau txawv Filonov. Nws paintings - yog lom zem ntau ib tug derivative ntawm xws li ib tsom xam, thiab nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm cov kos duab tseem nyob, thiab lub theoretical ua hauj lwm ntawm tus tswv.

Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm "Lub Canon thiab cov kev cai lij choj", nws hais lus ib tug hnyav kev soj ntsuam ntawm muaj winning txav Cubism thiab Cubo-Futurism, thiab nyob rau hauv lub manifesto "Ua Paintings" yog ua los formulate lub tswvyim ntawm nws analytical mus kom ze rau painting.

Raws li nws tau sau nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv Filonov artist, Picasso thiab nws cov thwjtim muaj tib lub defect-tog saib ntawm kev muaj tiag hais tias classical realism. Ib tug tseem kev twb kev txuas nrog qhov xwm ntawm yam thiab lub puab ntiaj teb no ntawm ib tug txiv neej lawv tsis tau vim hais tias ntawm lub ntau kev txwv ntawm artistic txhais tau tias thiab txoj kev. Lawv muaj peev xwm muab piv nrog ib tug inexhaustible ntau yam ntawm qhov thiab thaj chaw ntawm xav yog scanty.

Rau ib tug ntau leej sis raug zoo nrog cov xwm, tshiab le caag, yuav siv tag nrho cov arsenal ntawm sab ntsuj plig txiv neej tus creator. Lub hom phiaj - los tsim paintings thiab drawings los ntawm txoj kev ib tug pheej thiab haib tib neeg ua hauj lwm, ua hauj lwm rau txhua particle, txhua txhua atom.

Txoj kev ywj pheej thiab Diversity

Siv rau cov artist, paintings Filonov abstractionist muaj txawm ntau dua tseem ceeb thaum nws tiav niam txiv meej mus rau theem ntawm nws kev txawj. Lub legacy ntawm tus tswv, muaj portraits, sau nyob rau hauv ib tug ib txwm, classical style. Feem ntau lawv depict nws tus muam thiab tus neeg nyob ze rau lawv.

Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm 1916 Filonov mus ua tsov ua rog - Pavel yog mobilized thiab xa mus rau qhov dog dig Lavxias teb sab-Romanian pem hauv ntej. Nws nyob muaj mus txog rau thaum 1918, thaum, tom qab tshem tawm ntawm pem hauv ntej artist rov qab mus rau Petrograd, twb nyob rau hauv lub tshiab tsoom fwv thiab yog kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm.

Lub ntsiab ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II yuav tsum havzoov nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm kev soj ntsuam xwb, tsim npaj yuav sawv kev, thiab tom qab nws rov qab los ntawm pem hauv ntej daim duab Filonov uas muaj cov sib txawv kiag li cov ntsiab lus, txawm tias lawv yog tam sim no thiab tej zaum kuj apocalyptic motifs.

Cov tawm tsam rau ib tug tshiab kos duab

Ib yam li lwm cov thawj coj ntawm Lavxias teb sab avant-garde, Filonov xav kom post-revolutionary lub sij hawm realization ntawm lawv cia siab rau cov me nyuam yug ntawm ib tug tshiab kos duab, tsis ua txhua yam los ntawm tej yam cov rooj sib txoos. Nws yog kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Artistic Culture (INKhuK), thiab los ua ib tug xib fwb ntawm lub Academy of Arts, yog sim los tuav nws reorganization los ntawm lub foundations ntawm niaj hnub lub sij hawm. Qhov loj tshaj plaws nws tiam sis mob siab heev thiab nyuaj ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub studio, nws yog tus "Lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Analytical Art", nrhiav tau los ntawm nws nyob rau hauv 1925.

Filonov cov thwj tim tau hais txog ib puas cov tub ntxhais ntxias uas muab nws views qhia nyob rau hauv lub "ntiaj teb no txoj kev vam meej tshaj tawm" (1923) - lub ntsiab theoretical ua hauj lwm ntawm tus tswv. Nyob rau hauv nws, nws hais tias lub hav zoov ntawm cov loj heev ntiaj teb no ntawm tshwm sim, uas muaj peev xwm tsis ntes tus "pom qhov muag", tab sis yog muaj nyob rau hauv "ob lub qhov muag paub." Cov kawm artist yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam no yog txawv kev muaj tiag, cuag nws nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv, lawv txua.

Muaj ntau cov tub ntxhais kawm muaj peev xwm khiav tsis dim tus ntawm lub zog uas radiates duab Filonov, thiab poob mus rau hauv ib tug dawb huv imitation, tab sis muaj cov neeg uas lub tswv yim ntawm cov tswv ua ib tug haib cuab tam rau lawv tus kheej muaj tswv yim ntshaw.

picturesque mis

Filonov nyob rau hauv 1927 ua ke nrog cov menyuam kawm dai kom zoo nkauj interiors luam tsev, tsim scenery thiab artwork staging ntawm Gogol lub "Tsoom fwv cov kws soj ntsuam", yog ua hauj lwm rau lub xov xwm ntawm phau ntawv "Kalevala", thiab lwm yam

Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov artist lub neej tseem nyuaj ua hauj lwm rau cov tshiab paintings. Nws cog lus tseg rau nws lub tswv yim thiab nws tus kheej-tsis kam muab nyob rau hauv ib co zoo siab, thiab lwm tus neeg, raws li ib txwm nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj tswv yim ib puag ncig, khaus.

Ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm tsim nyob rau hauv 20-30s, heev heev paintings, cov qauv no: "Formula ntawm lub Petrograd Proletariat" (1921), "Formula ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav" (1927), "Cov mis ntawm imperialism" (1925), thiab lwm yam Nws yog tsis tau lwm qhia txog cov siab rau lub analytic painting, uas txog thaum kawg ntawm nws lub hnub tseem artist Filonov.

Paintings "Narva rooj vag" (1929), "Tsiaj txhu" (1930), "Ib sab" (1940) - qhov no daim ntawv qhia ntawm lub ntiaj teb no uas yog tau saib xwb ib tug neeg lub qhov muag ntawm ib tug yeej muaj tseeb artist.

"Filonovschina"

Nyob rau hauv qauv ntawm artist los tsim ib tug kev muaj tiag uas tau tshwm sim nyias los ntawm lub hnyav kev muaj tiag, cov hauj lwm critic thiab ideological tub ceev xwm ntawm lub sij hawm uas tau pom, nyob zoo, ib qho los mus khiav los ntawm cov fronts ntawm tus tawm tsam rau ib tug zog rau yav tom ntej, thiab rau ntawm phem tshaj - ib tug muaj zog dag zog mus rau undermine cov kev sib sau ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov builders ntawm communism. Maj mam, cov artist Pavel Filonov, uas nws paintings twb thiaj li muaj me ntsis resemblance mus rau lub social realism kuaj yuav ib tug yuam kev.

Yuav kom paub meej tias kev ncaj ncees rau lub tswv yim ntawm lub proletarian kiv puag ncig, nws sau tau ib ob peb paintings nyob rau hauv "txoj cai" dab neeg: "Cov neeg ua haujlwm champions ntawm lub Hoobkas" Liab kaj ntug, "" (1931), "Cov tsheb laij teb cog" (1931), tab sis nws tsis pab - nws yog deprived ntawm livelihood, twb raug mus rau kev rho tawm thiab w.

Txoj hmoo ntawm cov wizard, koj muaj peev xwm hu tau rau lub tragic (nws tuag ntawm kev qaug nyob rau hauv thawj lub hlis ntawm siege, Hlis ntuj nqeg 3, 1941), yog hais tias tsis yuav tsum nco ntsoov tus poj posthumous koob meej uas tuaj rau nws nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau benign lub sij hawm. Niaj hnub no, nws tej hauj lwm muaj nuj nqis nyob rau theem ntawm cov ntiaj teb uas masterpieces, raws li lub npe kom meej meej ranked ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm pictorial kos duab.