Famusovskogo haiv neeg thiab Chatsky. Famusovskogo haiv neeg: cov yam ntxwv

Cov kev ua si "Woe los ntawm wit" - paub ua hauj lwm ntawm A. S. Griboedova. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm nws cov creation tus sau tau ncaim mus lawm los ntawm lub classical canons ntawm kev sau ntawv ib tug "high" comedy. Heroes nyob rau hauv "Woe los ntawm wit" - ib tug tov thiab ntau haiv neeg cov dluab, tsis tas luav cim, muab tej txiaj ntsim nrog cov tib yam ntxwv. Cov txheej txheem no pub Aleksandru Sergeevichu tau zoo kawg li credibility nyob rau hauv cov duab "duab ntawm tus cwj pwm zoo" ntawm cov Moscow aristocracy. Yam ntxwv neeg sawv cev ntawm lub koom nyob rau hauv lub comedy "Woe los ntawm wit" yuav mob siab rau qhov no tsab xov xwm.

Cov teeb meem ntawm cov kev ua si

Nyob rau hauv "Woe los ntawm wit" Muaj ob zajlus-teeb meem. Ib tug ntawm lawv kev txhawj xeeb rau koj tus kheej kev sib raug zoo heroes. Nws yuav Chatsky MOLCHALIN thiab Sofia. Tus tod yog ib tug social thiab ideological confrontation ntawm lub protagonist ntawm lub comedy thiab tag nrho cov lwm yam cim ntawm cov kev ua si. Ob storylines txhawb thiab ntxiv rau txhua lwm yam. Excluding hlub txaus siab yog tsis yooj yim sua kom to taub cov ua cim, outlook, psychology thiab kev sib raug zoo ua hauj lwm heroes. Txawm li cas los, cov ntsiab kawm yog ib tug social teeb meem. Chatsky famusovskogo thiab zej zog hais txhua lwm yam thoob plaws hauv lub ua si.

"Portrait" heroes comedy

Cov tsos ntawm lub comedy "Woe los ntawm wit" provoked ib tug cus ciav teb nyob rau hauv cov zajlus voj voog ntawm cov thawj ib nrab ntawm cov 19th caug xyoo. Thiab tsis yeej ib txwm lawv laudatory. Piv txwv li, ib tug qub phooj ywg ntawm Alexander - paj Katenin - reproached tus sau hais tias cov cim nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si heev, "portrait", uas yog txoj thiab multifaceted. Txawm li cas los, Griboyedov, rau hauv sib piv, pom lub realism ntawm nws cim lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv teb mus rau lub criticisms, nws teb hais tias "... ib tug caricature, distorting tiag tiag proportions nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov neeg uas tsis tau tso cai ..." thiab thov hais tias nyob rau hauv nws comedy muaj yog tsis muaj xws li. Tom qab poob mus ua nws cim ciaj sia thiab ntseeg, Griboyedov tiav zoo kawg li satirical nyhuv. Muaj ntau involuntarily pom tau hais tias cov cim nyob rau hauv lub comedies lawv tus kheej.

Famusovskogo haiv neeg cov neeg sawv cev

Nyob rau hauv cov lus teb rau cov lus hais txog lub neeg txhaum ntawm lub "txoj kev npaj" ntawm nws ua hauj lwm Griboyedov nws hais tias nyob rau hauv nws ua si "25 fools rau ib tug paub tab paub xav tus txiv neej." Yog li ntawd nws yog heev sharply hais tiv thaiv cov nroog loj cov neeg tseem ceeb. Rau tag nrho nws yog cuab kev uas tus sau portrayed nyob rau hauv lub guise ntawm comedy cim. Alexander ua tsis muaj daim card ntawm nws ntxeev siab tawm tsam famusovskogo haiv neeg thiab opposed rau nws lub xwb ntse txiv neej - Chatsky. Tus so ntawm qhov kev txiav txim-comedy neeg twb raug rau lub sij hawm uas dluab: ib tug zoo-paub thiab influential Moscow "ace" (FAMUSOV); nrov nrov thiab blunt-climber martinet (Skalozub); nyob ntsiag to thiab ruam tsaub (MOLCHALIN); overbearing, ib nrab-chim qub thiab nplua nuj heev (Hlestova); eloquent talker (REPETILOV) thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Famusovskogo haiv neeg comedy variegated, varied thiab kiag li sawv daws pom nyob rau hauv lawv tsis kam mus rau lub suab ntawm yog vim li cas. Xav txog cov xwm ntawm lub brightest ntawm nws cov neeg sawv cev nyob rau hauv ntau yam.

FAMUSOV: staunch conservative

Qhov no tus cwj pwm yog ib qho ntawm feem influential neeg nyob rau hauv Moscow zej zog. Nws yog ib tug tsiv nrog sib ntaus ntawm txhua yam tshiab, thiab ntseeg hais tias ib tug yuav tsum nyob raws li bequeathed mus txiv tsev thiab yawg. Nqe lus Chatsky rau nws - lub sab saum toj free-xav thiab qhov kev phem. Thiab nyob rau hauv zoo tib yam tib neeg vices (haus, dag, servility, cov neeg siab phem) nws tsis pom dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm. Piv txwv li, nws hais tias ntawm nws tus kheej hais tias "tus mlom paub tus cwj pwm," tab sis tsis tau ua ntej sib tawb thiaj nrog Lisa. Rau Famusov synonymous nrog lo lus "kev txhaum" yog "kev kawm". Kev raug txim ntawm bureaucratic adulation rau nws - thiab nyob tau ib kos npe rau ntawm kev chim.

Cov lus nug txog kev pab cuam - lub ntsiab nyob rau hauv lub system lub neej qhov tseem ceeb Famusov. Nyob rau hauv nws lub tswv yim, txhua leej txhua tus yuav tsum siv zog los mus ua kom cov hauj lwm thiab yog li ua ib siab txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv zej zog. Chatsky rau nws - tus txiv neej twb ploj mus, ces nws tsis mloog cov feem ntau txais cov qauv. Tab sis MOLCHALIN thiab Skalozub - ua lag ua luam, tsim nyog cov neeg. Famusovskogo zej zog - ib qho chaw nyob rau hauv uas Peter Afanasievich pom tau tias siv tau. Nws - lub embodiment ntawm dab tsi Chatsky txwv nyob rau hauv lwm tus neeg.

MOLCHALIN: wordless careerist

Yog hais tias FAMUSOV nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si - tus sawv cev ntawm "lub xyoo pua xeem", ces Alex Stepanovich belongs rau cov hluas tiam. Txawm li cas los, nws saib ntawm lub neej coincide nrog cov views ntawm Peter Afanasevicha. MOLCHALIN lov "nyob rau hauv cov neeg" nrog heev persistence, nyob rau hauv raws li txoj cai uas koj hais kuv sau famusovskogo zej zog. Nws tsis yog cov nom tswv cajceg. Nws muaj zog tshaj card - "hauj sim" thiab "orderly" thiab servile complaisance thiab tsis kawg cov neeg siab phem. Alex Stepanovich tiag tiag nyob ntawm pej xeem lub tswv yim. Nto moo hais txog lub siab phem tongues uas "mob heev ntxiv dua ib rab phom" belongs rau nws. Nws tsis tseem ceeb dabtsi thiab tsis muaj kev ntsiab cai yog cuab kev, tab sis hais tias tsis tiv thaiv kom txhob nws kom ib txoj hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, vim nws limitless cov neeg siab phem, Alex Stepanovich yuav zoo siab rival ntawm lub protagonist nyob rau hauv kev hlub. "Molchalins tus thawj lub ntiaj teb no!" - kawg observes Chatsky. Famusovskogo tiv thaiv zej zog, nws tsuas muab nws tus kheej wit.

Hlestova: tyranny thiab ignorance

Qhov no muaj yeeb yuj cim ntawm Catherine tus era. Cav ncauj thiab imperious poj niam-krepostnitsa tsis nkaum nws aversion rau kev kawm ntawv thiab kev kawm. Tsis muaj dab tsi lwm tus yuav ua li cas, nws yog nyob ib ncig ntawm nrog nws nyob rau txoj kev "Arapka-ntxhais da aub". Hlestova zoo li cov tub ntxhais Frenchmen thiab yuav pab tau tus neeg zoo li Molchalin. Unlimited tyranny - ntawm nws Credo. Leej twg yog nplua nuj, nws yog txoj cai, nws hais tias. Tej kev pab muaj li no sob.

Toby: tsim nyog tau txais bachelor

Qhov no xam yog ib tug embodiment ntawm ignorance thiab dullness. Rough martinet hais tias "tej lus no tsis hais srodu ntse." Txawm li cas los FAMUSOV tsis xav kom lwm fiance ntawm nws tus ntxhais. Koj thawj koom ruam! Nrog ib tus me Skalozub lifespan twb "yog aiming rau generals" thiab tib "kub lub hnab." Famusovskogo haiv neeg pointedly tsis xav pom neotesannosti thiab kev ntxub ntxaug ntawm Colonel. "Zaum" ntawm cov ua cim nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev "dag". Nyob rau hauv nws saib, cov tub rog laum yog npaum li cas pab tau ntau yam rau tag nrho ntawm cov phau ntawv. Puffer tsuas xav nyob rau hauv nqe lus hais txog "phaus thiab ibyam".

ZAGORETSKY: neeg siab tsis ncaj thiab sharpie

Qhov no txiv neej, nyob rau hauv kev phem ntawm lub qias lub koob npe nrov, calmly txais mus rau hauv lawv cov Cov Qib famusovskogo zej zog. Tag nrho cov saib tsis taus ZAGORETSKY - "mus ua hauj lwm rau tus tswv," yog li ntawd nws tus mob ruas condoned. Lub fact tias nws yog "dag", "tub sab" thiab "gambler" hais openly. Txawm li cas los, tsis muaj nws yuav muaj tsis tau ua tsis tau.

REPETILOV: awv "nrov" mysteries

Qhov no yog ib qho kev nthuav cwj pwm, uas tso cai rau txiav txim tias tsis zoo tus cwj pwm mus rau lub ideological Griboyedov "pustoplyasam" ua "conspiratorial" kev ua ub no tsim ib tug secular taw tes. Nyob rau hauv lus REPETILOV kiv cua ntawm "kev kawm." Txawm li cas los, nws kuj lees paub hais tias nrog Library yuav ua ib txoj hauj lwm, tab sis "tsis ua hauj lwm tau ntsib." Famusovskogo haiv neeg tsis pom ntau npaum li cas ntawm ib tug kev hem thawj los ntawm lub chatter ntawm "nrov" conspirator. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias REPETILOV laj mej pej xeem hais tias nws thiab Chatsky "tib tastes," nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb nws tseem yog ib tug secular windbag, zoo li txhua leej txhua tus lwm tus.

Vnestsenicheskie cim

Famusovskogo haiv neeg, yam ntxwv ntawm cov uas yog qhov kev kawm ntawm no tsab xov xwm, tsis yog tas rau kev koom tes nrog rau ib tug neeg txiav txim. Nyob rau hauv lub comedy casually hais ib tug ntau ntawm cov neeg, uas cov neeg tuaj saib yeej tsis imagined. Vnestsenicheskie cim - no "pom" cov neeg ntawm kev sib raug teeb meem. Lawv muaj ib tug feature tshwj xeeb: nrog lawv pab, tus sau twb tau mus nthuav lub Scope ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, thiaj li mus hais lus, coj zaj dab neeg ntawm lub scene. Tsis muaj kev ua si tej yam luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov zajlus, lub cim vnestsenicheskie inextricably txuas mus rau lub "xyoo pua xeem" pab los yog, nyob rau hauv tsis tooj, nrog rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm "no caug xyoo". Nws yog ib cov invisible heroes muab ib lub tswv yim ntawm lub cais Lavxias teb sab haiv neeg mus rau hauv ob teej halves. Nyob rau hauv loj ib feem muaj ib tug ideology hais tias sov famusovskogo zej zog. "Woe los ntawm wit" qha fallacy ntawm lawv ncaj ncees views. Nyob rau hauv tsawg - cov neeg zoo li Chatsky. Nws tsis yog ib leeg. Lub camp muaj xws li soj ntsuam tshawb nrhiav qhov tseeb Skalozub kwv tij, tub ntawm tus ntxhais fuabtais Tugouhovskoy, None Grigory, "St. Petersburg" professors uas tau kawm cov ntsiab cim, thiab hais txog. Guests Famusov xav txog lawv pab tsis tau yus yog neeg ruam.

Copyright lus hais

Nyob rau hauv "Woe los ntawm wit" A. S. Griboedov nquag siv lus rau kev indifference, uas sib tau lus Chatsky famusovskogo zej zog. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm comedy cim, lawv replicas yog nrog dispassionate tswvyim ntawm tus sau. Piv txwv li, thaum lub sij hawm sib tham nrog Aleksandrom Andreevichem Famusov "nws tsis pom los yog hnov." Thaum lub pob thaum Chatsky muab accusatory monologue denouncing "chuzhevlastya zam" qhua "Whirl nyob rau hauv lub waltz nrog tus loj tshaj kev mob siab 'los yog' ua li khiav ri mus rau lub card rooj." Qhov teeb meem no mock "lag ntseg" txhawb comic nyhuv tej hauj lwm, thiab qhia txog cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm misunderstanding thiab kev tsis sib haum ntawm ob tog.

xaus

Yog li, lub collective cim thiab cov ntsiab ideological tus nrog sib ntaus Chatsky yog famusovskogo zej zog. "Woe los ntawm wit" qhia tau hais tias cov txawj nyeem ntawv txoj kev ntawm lub neej thiab kev lis kev cai ntawm lub Moscow aristocracy, uas nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov 1810s. Cov neeg no yog sib koom ntawm lawv tus kheej conservative views thiab txheej thaum ub tswv yim morality. Lawv lub hom phiaj - mus "coj thiab ib txoj muaj nqi, thiab kev lom zem los mus nyob." Chatsky famusovskogo thiab zej zog yog nyob rau hauv opposite tug ncaj ncees nco qab. Rau cov Moscow aristocracy "kawm" yog nrhiav tau nrog cov dawb-xav thiab kev chim. Rau Chatsky morality "ntawm kev mloog lus thiab kev ntshai" - ib daim ntawm yav dhau los xyoo pua, qias neeg prejudice, alien rau txhua qub neeg. Nyob rau hauv no hais, txhua leej txhua tus muaj lawv tus kheej qhov tseeb.

Moral lag ntseg famusovskogo haiv neeg brilliantly pom nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si "Woe los ntawm wit". Griboedov Aleksandr Sergeevich nkag mus hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv raws li tus sau ntawm ib qho ntawm feem yuam thiab muaj tiag ua hauj lwm ntawm nws lub sij hawm. Muaj ntau aphorisms ntawm no comedy yog heev tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv peb hnub.