Dynamics nyob rau hauv cov suab paj nruag - qhov no yog ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab txhais tau tias kev qhia. Nta piano puab

Music - ib daim duab daim ntawv uas sib hais rau peb piav thoob hlo teb los ntawm txoj kev lub suab. Language suab muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg qhov sib txawv hais tias kev terminology hu ua "txhais tau tias ntawm cov suab paj nruas qhia." Ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab haib tshaj ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm lub ntsiab yog cov lus qhia.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub puab

Lo lus no yog me ntsis txog rau tag nrho cov physics kawm thiab yog txuam nrog rau cov tswv yim ntawm kev "loj", "lub hwj chim", "zog", "txav". Nyob rau hauv cov suab paj nruag, nws txiav txim rau ib yam khoom, tab sis nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo mus rau lub suab. Lub zog ntawm cov suab paj nruag - nws yog lub hwj chim ntawm lub suab, nws kuj yuav qhia los ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm "qeeb - louder."

Qhov kev ua si yog nyob rau tib theem ntawm sonority tsis tau qhia, nws sai sai log tsheb. On qhov tsis tooj, cov nquag hloov ntawm puab ua suab paj nruag interesting, uas lub hloov lwm lub tsev ntawm ib tug ntau ntawm cov cwj pwm txawv.

Yog hais tias lub suab paj nruag yog tsim los qhia cov kev xyiv fab, kev ua koob tsheej, jubilation, kev zoo siab - cov lus yuav ci thiab sonorous. Yuav kom kis xws cwj pwm txawv li kev tu siab, rhiab, ntshai, lub allergic ntawm lub teeb yog siv, mos mos, nyob ntsiag to hais lus.

Txoj kev ntawm ib tug los puab

Dynamics nyob rau hauv cov suab paj nruag - qhov no yog dab tsi txiav txim qhov ntim theem. Cim rau qhov no, muaj ib tug heev me ntsis ntawm tiag tiag gradations nyob rau hauv lub suab ntau npaum li cas. Yog li ntawd hais tias cov dynamic cim yuav tsum raug xam tias yog tsuas yog raws li ib txwm, cov kev taw qhia ntawm kev tshawb fawb, qhov twg txhua performer qhia tau hais tias tag nrho koj lub tswv yim.

Theem puab "nrov nrov" los ntawm lub sij hawm "forte", "nyob ntsiag to" - "piano". Nws yog ib qho kev paub. "Nyob ntsiag to, tiam sis tsis heev" - "mezzo piano"; "Tsis txhob nrov nrov heev" - "mezzo forte".

Yog hais tias lub zog ntawm cov suab paj nruag yuav tsum tau mus rau cov theem ntawm extremes, siv nuances "pianissimo" - heev nyob ntsiag to; los yog "fortissimo" - heev nrov nrov. Nyob rau hauv exceptional mob, tus xov tooj ntawm icons "forte" thiab "piano" yuav ua tau mus tsib!

Tab sis txawm nrog tag nrho cov kev xaiv uas lub xov tooj ntawm cov cim qhia qhov volume tsis pub tshaj 12. Qhov no xam yog tsis ntau thaum koj xav txog hais tias ib tug zoo piano yuav extract txog li 100 dynamic gradations!

By dynamic lus qhia kuj muaj xws li cov nqe lus "crescendo" (maj ua volume) thiab opposite nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus rau lub sij hawm "diminuendo".

Suab paj nruas hais lus muaj xws li ib tug series ntawm cov cim qhia qhov yuav tsum tau proaktsentirovat tej suab los yog kev sib raug zoo:> ( "qhia ntau txog"), SF los yog SFZ (ntse kom pom tseeb - "sforzando"), RF los yog RFZ ( "rinfortsando" - "ntxiv dag zog rau") .

Los ntawm cov harpsichord mus rau lub piano

Cov tseem muaj sia nyob cov ntawv luam ntawm harpsichord thiab clavichord cia peb xav txog tej yam dab tsi lub zog ntawm cov suab paj nruag ntawm lub Baroque lub sij hawm. Piano Txhua yam ancient predecessors tsis pub hloov lub ntim maj. Rau ceev hloov ntawm puab muaj ntxiv twj remote controls (manuals), uas yuav ntxiv mus rau lub suab vim lub overtones octave doublings.

Ib tug tshwj xeeb system ntawm levers thiab ko taw-keyboard hloov tso cai rau peb mus cuag cov ntau haiv neeg ntawm cov suab lus nws thiab ntim tau, tab sis tseem muaj ib tug cia li hloov. Nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo mus rau lub Baroque music muaj txawm tias ib tug tshwj xeeb lub sij hawm "terrace-puab" raws li cov kev hloov ntawm ntim ntau ntau zoo li ledges terraces.

Nrog kev xav txog cov puab ntawm qhov amplitude, nws yog heev me me. Lub suab ntawm cov harpsichord, qab ntxiag, nyiaj thiab nyob ntsiag to nyob ze, twb tsis yog hnov nyob rau hauv ib tug deb ntawm ob peb meters. Lub suab ntawm cov clavichord yog ntau hnyav, muaj ib tug nws yog xim hlau zas, tab sis ib me ntsis ntxiv resounding.

Qhov cuab yeej no yog npaum li cas hlub I. S. Bahom rau nws muaj peev xwm cia rau hauv ib tug faint degree, tab sis tseem hloov lub theem ntawm muaj zog, nyob ntawm seb lub zog ntawm kov cov ntiv tes mus rau lub lag luam. Qhov no ua rau nws tau muab cov kab lus ib tug meej su.

Tus invention nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 18th xyoo pua piano nrog nws rauj system revolutionized los ntawm expanding txuj Keyboard. Lub zog ntawm cov suab paj nruag si nyob rau hauv niaj hnub piano, muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm gradations ntawm lub suab thiab, tseem ceeb tshaj, cov nyob rau ntawm ib tug gradual kev hloov los ntawm ib tug mus rau lwm nuance.

Lub zog ntawm ib tug loj thiab ncauj lus kom ntxaws

Major puab feem ntau qhia cov cim teev nyob rau hauv lub rooj. Lawv yog cov ob peb, lawv yog tseeb thiab hais tseg.

Txawm li cas los, cov "hauv" txog txhua yam ntawm cov nuances yuav ua tau loj finer gradations ntawm lub suab. Rau lawv, tsis invented tshwj xeeb tej yam tshwm sim, tab sis cov no ntau muaj nyob rau hauv lub tiag tiag lub suab thiab lawv ua rau peb txhawj xeeb mloog mus rau lub kev ua si ib tug txawj ntse artist.

Qhov no me me hais lus hu ua ncauj lus kom ntxaws. Cov kev lig kev cai ntawm txoj kev siv cov hnub rov qab mus rau lub baroque music (xav seb tau ntawm lub clavichord).

Dynamics nyob rau hauv cov suab paj nruag - yog ib tug ntawm cov touchstones ntawm paub. Uas paub hloov maj mam nuances, lub teeb, hloov maj mam hloov nyob rau hauv nws cov kev ua si nta ib tug txawj ntse kev.

Txawm li cas los, nws yog tsawg nyuaj nws yog los tusyees faib lub nce los yog poob ntawm sonority, thaum nws yog "ncav us txog" rau ib tug loj ya ntawm cov suab paj nruas ntawv nyeem.

Relativity puab

Nyob rau hauv xaus, nws yog tsim nyog sau cia hais tias lub zog ntawm cov suab paj nruag - nws yog ib tug heev txheeb ze tswvyim, raws li, tseeb, thiab txhua tsav txhua yam nyob rau hauv peb lub neej. Txhua cov suab paj nruas style thiab txawm txhua composer muaj nws dynamic scale, raws li zoo raws li cov yam ntxwv nyob rau hauv lub nuances ntawm daim ntawv thov.

Yuav ua li cas suab zoo nyob rau hauv cov suab paj nruag ntawm Prokofiev, kiag li inapplicable nyob rau hauv qhov kev kawm ntawm Scarlatti sonatas. Ib tug piano nuance Chopin thiab Beethoven yuav sound txawv heev.

Qhov no kuj siv rau cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm accentuation, ntev ntawm kev txuag ntawm tib theem puab, nws hom kev hloov thiab thiaj li nyob.

Lug tau sai dlua qhov cuab tam suab paj nruas qhia ntawm ib tug zoo kev theem, nws yog tsim nyog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, mus kawm cov poj masters ntawm qhov kev ua si, mus mloog, tsom xam, xav thiab kos kev xaus lus.