Dav hlau "Airbus A350": sab hauv tswvyim, nta thiab xyuas

Ib tug ntawm qhov tseeb qauv ntawm niaj hnub aircraft yog ib tug aircraft, "Airbus A350". Nws yog tus epitome ntawm lub siab heev tshaj plaws tswv yim ntawm engineering. Tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, lub airliner, txawm nws muaj tseeb zoo dua nws cov competitors, nws muaj nws cov drawbacks. Cia tus tham txog lub keeb kwm ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub aircraft, "Airbus A350", piav qhia txog nws cov ntsiab kev yam ntxwv, raws li zoo raws li kawm thawj xyuas ntawm coob uas xam nrog thiab cov kws txawj.

kab aircraft "Airbus"

Tiam sis ua ntej wb tham txog lub lineup ntawm cov neeg nrog caij huab cua thauj civil aircraft "Airbus" lub tuam txhab, raws li qhov kawg qauv rau no pab pawg neeg ntawm aircraft yog cia li "Airbus A350".

Fabkis lub tuam txhab "Airbus" twb nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1970 los ntawm cov phiajcim ob peb aviamashin manufacturers. Txij thaum nws cov inception, nws tau ua ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws players nyob rau hauv lub lag luam. Nws yog koom nyob rau hauv raug ntawm ob pej xeem thiab cov tub rog cov khoom.

Txij thaum nws cov inception, "Airbus" nkag mus rau hauv ib tug tsiv tawm tsam nrog cov hom thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lub American khov "Boeing" nyob rau hauv lub civil aviation ua lag luam. Thiab, kuv yuav tsum hais, qhov no ua yeeb ncuab tsis yog tsis muaj kev vam meej. Twb thawj lub nyab hoom, tso European kev txhawj xeeb nyob rau hauv 1972 (A300), nws tau ua heev nrov ntawm cov airlines. Tus tshiab airliner yog lub ntiaj teb no tus thawj ntxaib-engine ntau-lub cev aircraft, uas yog, muaj ob tug sau ntawm cov neeg nrog caij lub rooj. Nyob rau hauv 1974 nws twb mus ua hauj lwm qhov loj tshaj plaws Fabkis cua cab kuj Cua Fabkis thiab yog siv los txog niaj hnub no.

Qhov no yog ua raws li los ntawm qhov kev tso tawm ntawm cov hauv qab no qauv ntawm aircraft: lub A310, A320, A330, A340, A380. Ntxiv mus, lub A320 kab, nrog rau ib tsev neeg ntawm "737", yog tam sim no tus nrov tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.

Qhov kawg lub tshiab tawm nyob rau hauv 2013, "Airbus A350". Hais txog nws, thiab yuav tsum tau tham ntxiv.

Tom qab nyob rau hauv

Creation ntawm ib tug tshiab aircraft carrier "Airbus" twb npaj raws li ib lo lus teb rau qhov kev tso tawm ntawm lub li "Boeing" aircraft 777 (1994) thiab cov ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm qhov kev tsim Boeing-787 (thaum ntxov loj hlob - 2004). Xeem nws twb positioned raws li cov feem ntau yig aircraft nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv nws chav kawm ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv lub teb, "Airbus 'los tso ib tug paub thiab ntau nqi-zoo version ntawm lub A330, hu rau nws A330-200 Lite. Hais tias cov nyiaj khaws tseg nyob rau lub forefront nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov qauv no, uas tau pib hais lus nyob rau hauv tib lub nyob rau hauv 2004, thaum lub project "787" tau raug tshaj tawm hais tias.

Tab sis, raws li nws muab tawm nyob rau hauv lub tsim txoj kev mus cuag lub hom phiaj no yuav tsum tau ib yam tseem ceeb kev hloov. Yog li ntawd nws yog nyob rau hauv 2006, tshaj tawm lub community launch txog ib tug tshiab project, hu ua "Airbus A350 xwb". Lub xeem tsab ntawv stands rau Extra Dav lub cev, uas txhais rau hauv Lavxias teb sab txhais tau tias "ultra-dav fuselage." Tam sim ntawd, nws twb hais tias cov tshiab aircraft yuav muaj ntau yig rau cov roj tshaj lub "787", thiab nws cov nqi yuav qis tshaj 8%.

Tus txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim

Yog li ntawd, nws yog nyob rau hauv 2006 los ua tus starting taw tes nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm cov neeg nrog caij ntev-log dav-lub cev aircraft nrog ob xyaw, "Airbus A350".

Ua tau, txoj kev loj hlob coj tsis yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas lub sij hawm, ntau npaum li cas yog feem ntau yuav tsum tau mus tsim lub aircraft nyob rau hauv nws chav kawm ntawv. Nws ntawd kub ntev li rau xyoo. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ua hauj lwm theem ib yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov yam ntxwv hloov nyob rau hauv tus thawj lub tswv yim, thiab lub tuam txhab muaj siab los tso, thaum kawg, ib tug tsim nyog competitor mus pib nrog lub 2009 nthwv rau saum huab cua rau tej qhov chaw "787".

Qhov kawg ntawm 2012 nyob rau hauv lub serial tooj ntawm cov aircraft MSN1 nws twb thauj los ntawm lub rooj sib txoos khw. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-2013 nws ua nws cov thawj xeem sib ntaus, thiab txij li thaum pib ntawm 2015, thawj kev caij npav thaiv lub airliner A350 pib.

kev hloov kho

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias qhov no qauv yog ib zaug peb versions: lub A350 - 800, A350 - 900 thiab A350 - 1000.

"Lub Airbus A350 - 800" pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv 2014. Nws sab hauv no yog tsim los nqa 270 neeg caij tsheb, thiab ya davhlau ntau yam ntawm 15.700 kis lus mev. Qhov no yog ib qhov kev hloov kho nrog ib tug shortened fuselage.

"Lub Airbus A350 - 900" tau muab tso rau hauv lub lag luam nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo. Tau txais mus txog 314 neeg caij tsheb nws yog, tab sis qhov kev ncua deb hais tias nws yuav ya, yog ib tug me ntsis tsawg - 15 000 km. Nws yog qhov no hloov yog hais tias yuav yog lub hauv paus.

"Airbus A350 - 1000" los ua nws thawj teem davhlau nyob rau hauv 2015 nyob ib leeg. Peev Xwm ntawm nws cov 350 neeg caij tsheb thiab davhlau ntau ntawm - 14 mus 800 km. Cov qauv no muaj ib tug elongated fuselage (piv rau lub hauv paus).

Yuav kom pab tag nrho cov npe ntawm cov kev hloov kho yuav tsum tau mus rau lub ob pilots.

kev yam ntxwv

Tam sim no, cia peb kawm ntxiv txog qhov kev tsim thiab kev yam ntxwv ntawm cov aircraft, "Airbus A350".

Cov yooj yim qauv muaj ib tug ntev ntawm 66,8 m, thiab cov kev hloov kho - 60,5 m thiab 73,8 m, ntsig txog. Wingspan -. 64 m Qhov siab ntawm aircraft kev hloov kho yog 16.9 m, thiab cov ua hauj lwm tis cheeb tsam - 443 m ^2.

Lub ntsiab feature ntawm tus tshiab tsim ntawm "Airbus" yog hais tias nws muaj ntau tshaj li 50% ntawm puas cov ntaub ntawv, uas tshaj tib qib ntawm "Boeing 787". Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub A350 tau siv saber tis lub tswv yim, uas tau yeej tsis tau siv rau lwm cov qauv ntawm cov li "Airbus".

Tag nrho cov kev hloov kho mus rau lub aircraft yog nruab nrog ob xyaw Trent xwb, uas muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm ib sab saum toj ceev ntawm 945 km / h. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub aircraft kitted koom haum pab engine Honeywell HGT1700.

Alarm thiab

Txhua yam ntawm tus kev hloov kho ntawm aircraft alarm muaj peb theem ntawm kev nplij siab: thawj chav kawm ntawv, ua lag ua luam thiab economy. Lawm, nyob rau hauv txhua yam uas lawv muaj qhov sib txawv nyob rau hauv cov theem ntawm cov kev pab thiab kev nplij siab. Coob uas xam nrog, nyob ntawm seb lawv cov nyiaj txiag teeb meem no thiab xav tau kev pab, muaj peev xwm xaiv ib yam ntawm cov peb npaj cov chav kawm nyob rau hauv lub "Airbus A350". Aircraft alarm tswvyim yog muaj nyob rau hauv daim duab hauv qab no.

Tsis dav hlau tiav tsis muaj ib tug cockpit nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Qhov no yog qhov point uas koj tswj cov sib ntaus ntawm ib tug aircraft. Cab "Airbus A350" yog txawm peem rau nrog qhov tseeb hluav taws xob, tsim muaj lub tshuab tseeb, uas tso cai rau tsav ob manually thiab nrog rau cov kev pab los ntawm lub autopilot.

Xyuas coob uas xam nrog thiab cov kws txawj

Tam sim no cia tus paub dab tsi lub tswv yim tau raug tsim txog tshiab aircraft nyob rau hauv nws thawj coob uas xam nrog thiab cov kws txawj.

Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg ntawm lub tuam txhab muaj yog nce alarm kev nplij siab nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau lwm cov qauv "Airbus", raws li zoo raws li tshwj xeeb davhlau softness, tsis muaj cua twb thiab lwm yam me me teeb meem.

Kws txawj qhia hais tias tus tshiab aircraft yog tseeb tshaj plaws yig airliner ntawm nws chav kawm ntawv. Ntawm cov disadvantages ntawm uas tshuaj ntsuam muab sau tus nqi ntawm lub tshuab ntau lawm, thiab raws li, thiab nws muag nqi. Yog li, tus tshiab Fabkis aircraft ntiaj teb no kev ua lag luam, nyob ntawm seb cov hloov, yog los ntawm 260,9 rau 340,7 lab. Kev sib piv, lub "787" yog kwv yees li nyob nruab nrab ntawm $ 218,3 rau 297,5 lab. Tab sis lub savings rau roj thiab cov txij nkawm ua rau nws ntau tshaj li keb qhov txawv nyob rau hauv ntev-lub sij hawm kev lag luam. Tsis tas li ntawd ntawm cov raug muab sau ib nce qib ntawm automaticity nyob rau hauv cov kev tswj, txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv tej zaum nws yuav suav hais tias thiab muaj meej mom.

Txawm li cas los, feem ntau ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov kws txawj muab ib tug zoo kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm lub airliner "Airbus A350" nyob rau hauv feem ntau.

prospects

Tam sim no, "Airbus A350" yog pom zoo raws li qhov feem ntau yig thiab pheej yig kom muaj airliner ntawm nws chav kawm ntawv. Raws li cov specifications nws tau surpassed nws cov ntsiab competitor - "787". Tam sim no peb yuav tsum tau tos rau lub teb chav kawm ntawm lub American lub tuam txhab thiab pom zoo li cas ib tug txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm technology nws yuav tau mus tawmtsam nws cov European cov yeeb ncuab.

High economic yam ntxwv yuav ua tau ntau dua nyob rau hauv lub tshiab Fabkis aircraft thov los ntawm lub ntiaj teb no tus leading airlines. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub caij muaj cov twb txiav txim rau cov mov ntawm 764 units ntawm aircraft los ntawm 39 airlines. Ntawm lawv, xws li cov Qatari lub tuam txhab Qatar Airways, Vietnam Vietnam Airlines, Finnair Finnish, Portuguese KAIS Portugal, lub Mev Iberia. "Airbus A350", uas lub alarm tswvyim maximizes neeg nrog caij faib ntau yam nyiaj txiag wealth, thiab muaj peev xwm - txuag rau ntxiv flights yuav twv yuav raug hu txaus siab rau thiab ntxiv nrov nrog cov neeg muas zaub raws li nws yuav tsis tau pom zoo rau ib tug tsim nyog competitor.

Tab sis txoj kev loj hlob ntawm technology tsis sawv tseem, thiab lub rov tshwm sim ntawm tshiab airliners nrog ntau dua zoo thiab economic yam ntxwv - nws tsuas yog ib tug teeb meem ntawm lub sij hawm.