Dante Gabriel Rossetti: Biography thiab tej hauj lwm

Dante Gabriel Rossetti - English kws sau paj lug, neeg pleev kob thiab kos duab, uas tau los ua ib lub "Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood" founders. Nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm - paintings, kwv huam thiab sonnets - nws khaws cia rau hauv lub purity ntawm cov kos duab, dawb los ntawm kev kawm ntawv, hu nkauj romance ntawm thaum ntxov Renaissance. Ib tug ntawm cov nyiam ntxhais ntawm lub Pre-Raphaelites yog unrequited hlub. Thiab lub neej tag nrho ntawm Rossetti, ib txoj kev los sis lwm, revolved ib ncig ntawm nws. Cov poj niam tshwm sim rau nws, los ua tus heroines ntawm nws paintings. Txawm li cas los, cov artist txoj kev sib raug nrog tus Hlub tsis tau hu ua tej yam yooj yim, raws li, tseeb, thiab tag nrho cov nws lub neej.

tsev neeg

Dante Gabriel Rossetti yug Tej zaum 12, 1828. Nws txiv, Gabriele Rossetti, yog ib tug Italian uas rau kev nom kev tswv yog vim li cas emigrated mus ces. Nws tau qhia nyob rau ntawm lub noob nom noob tswv College ntawm hom lus thiab ntaub ntawv. Leej Txiv instilled nyob rau hauv nws tus tub txoj kev hlub ntawm Italian kos duab, nyob rau hauv particular mus tej hauj lwm ntawm Dante Alighieri, uas yog reflected tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm tus me nyuam tub, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov kev txaus siab thiab kev ntshaw, uas nws yuav nqa los ntawm lub neej.

Rossetti niam - Frensis Meri Lavinia Polidori - tuaj ntawm ib tsev neeg ntawm Gaetano Polidori, ib tus paub txog thiab ib tug neeg txawv teb chaws los ntawm ltalis. Txij li thaum tseem yog menyuam yaus, Dante Gabriel loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw ntawm daim duab thiab imbued nrog nws txiv thaum ntxov tej yam txaus siab tej hauj lwm ntawm tus poj poet thiab theologian, nyob rau hauv uas nws yawm thiab twb muaj npe. Literary txuj ci yog nws cov muam thiab cov kwv tij. Maria Francesca yog tus sau ntawm phau ntawv "Lub Duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm Dante." Tus niam hluas, Kristina, yog nto moo raws li ib tug kws sau paj lug. Ib tug kwv tij, William co-nrhiav tau lub Pre-Raphaelite Society thiab txawj critic.

kev kawm

Dante Gabriel Rossetti, uas nws tej hauj lwm tau luam tawm thaum nws muaj 15 xyoos, nws kawm nyob rau London lub vaj College, los ntawm 9 xyoo. Thawj tswv yim hluas sau cov kauj ruam tau nqa tawm nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem. Nyob rau hauv 5 lub xyoos, Rossetti sau tau ib zaj yeeb yam, 13 - zaj dabneeg. Artistic kev kawm ntawv raws li ib tug me nyuam tub yog sketchy. Nws pib nrog ib tug duab lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob qhov twg Rossetti nkag mus hauv lub 16 xyoo thiab nyob qhov twg nws kawm nyob rau hauv cov coj ntawm D. S. Kotmena. Ces, nyob rau hauv 1841, nws yog tus Academy ntawm Painting Genri Sassa. Lwm tsib xyoos, nws tau los ua ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm lub chav kawm ntawv ntawm ancient painting, uas twb ua nyob rau hauv cov noob nom noob tswv Academy.

Tom qab ntawd, rau ib tug thaum tus xib fwb yog Dante Maddox Brown, romantic artist, tsis muaj tsawg siab Rossetti ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv 1848, nws tau ntsib nrog Holman Hunt, uas yuav pab tau nws xyum cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nrog roj xim thaum lub sij hawm lub creation ntawm cov thawj paintings ntawm lub Pre-Raphaelites.

kev kawm ntawv fraternity

Ib tug pub leejtwg haiv neeg uas tau sparked ib tug tshiab qauv nyob rau hauv cov paj huam thiab painting, twb tsim nyob rau hauv 50-ies ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo. Rossetti yog ces 18 xyoo. Tab sis ua tsaug rau lub siab luv li cas thiab txheem saib ntawm kos duab, nws muaj peev xwm los ua ib tug thawj coj ntawm lub "Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood." Thaum tus hluas Holman Hunt thiab John Everett Millais lawv xaus uas kawm ntawv, kev predominate nyob rau hauv lub painting ntawm lub sij hawm thiab tag nrho cov rooj sib txoos dig muag imitation. Nws stifled kos duab, tsis zoo yam innovation. Raws li rau cov tswv cuab ntawm lub brotherhood, revive lub English painting yuav tsuas rov qab mus rau tus sawv ntawm Italian kos duab ntawm thaum ntxov Renaissance.

Rov qab mus rau cov simplicity thiab kev coj dawb huv

Zoo tagnrho rau cov Pre-Raphaelite style ntawm painting yog ntawm kuj zoo kawg ntxias uas ua hauj lwm rau Raphael: Perugino, Ntawm Angelico, Giovanni Bellini. British siab kawg rau cov simplicity thiab lub siab dawb paug ntawm paintings los ntawm Italian masters ntawm thaum ntxov Renaissance. Purity thiab qhov tseeb, txoj kev tswm seeb rau yav dhau los thiab Romanticism, qhov no tsis thiab heev ntawm academicism ua ke nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm lub Pre-Raphaelites nrog ib tug bold kev nyeem ntawv ntawm tsim kev kawm, innovation nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm painting. Lawv tau coj los ntawm tus masters ntawm bygone eras, tab sis lawv tau tsim rau, uas coj nws thiaj li mus rau lub kev loj hlob ntawm niaj hnub thiab uas muab ntxiv rau lub symbolism. Manifesto "Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood" tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv journal "pauv", luam tawm los ntawm Lub ib hlis ntuj rau lub Plaub Hlis 1850 mej zeej ntawm lub zej zog.

Ib tug tshiab saib ib tug paub zaj dabneeg

PRB thawj tsab ntawv denoted ib Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood ( «Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood"), tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub painting Rossetti "Cov hluas ntawm nkauj xwb Mary" (1848-1849). Qauv rau cov paintings ua tus niam thiab tus muam ntawm cov artist. Thiab qhov no yog ib tug ntawm cov sib txawv los ntawm cov kev kawm Raphaelite Brotherhood neeg nyob rau hauv tus caum qab ntawm naturalness txhob txwm tshaj tawm tsis kam cov kev pab cuam ntawm ib tug kws qauv uas preferring rau cov phooj ywg thiab cov txheeb ze.

Nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm lub Pre-Raphaelites feem ntau tig mus rau biblical kawm. Txawm li cas los, lawv cov txhais lus differed ho los ntawm tus tsim art dluab. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm no - ib tug ntawm cov duab, uas yog sau los ntawm Dante Gabriel Rossetti - "Annunciation". Nyob rau hauv kev kawm ntawv painting Lub Virgin Mary yog ib txwm xwm nrog ib tug unearthly ua npaum li cas nrog hwm Vajtswv lub txiaj ntsim thiab cov kab lav. Rossetti nyob rau hauv cov duab uas peb pom lub feem ntau zoo tib yam hluas nkauj, funky tubtxib saum ntuj thiab coj los ntawm tus neeg ntawd coj. Cov lus txhais no ntawm lub Pre-Raphaelites kom tau raws li lub siab xav ntawm qhov tseeb thiab qhov, lawm, provoked ib tug cua daj cua dub ntawm kev npau taws.

Rossetti - artist

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm ntawm Dante Gabriel Rossetti tsim nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm 1850 nyob rau hauv 1860 xyoo. Nws style yog coj: sab nraud zoo li qub cim, uas yog reflected nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm lub puab workings ntawm boiling muaj pes tsawg leeg nrog ntau loj nuj nqis nyob rau hauv lub foreground thiab tom qab cov ntsiab feeb txoj kev tshawb no. Nws paintings yog tag nrho ntawm cov ua cim, tsim los ntawm cov compound ntawm lub tiag tiag qhov chaw thiab xav txog tej yam dluab. Rossetti tsis thov tsaus xim minimizes lub teeb thiab ntxoov ntxoo - tab sis yog nws paintings ci xim yog huv si thiab kaj. Cov artist skillfully siv cov kab nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm, muab expressiveness los yog rhiab duab nrog leej nkhaus thiab trembling.

Critics txhais tau lub painting Rossetti ob zoo nkauj thiab monumental. Cov yav tas yog vaj tse zoo tshaj plaws manifested nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov phab ntsa paintings, nyob rau hauv ib lub vaj tse ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Oxford. Xaiv zaj dabneeg - illustrations rau cov tshiab los ntawm Thomas Malory lub "tuag King Arthur."

Rossetti - kws sau paj lug

Dante Gabriel Rossetti, uas nws cov kwv huam txog qhov tseem ceeb feem ntau muab tso rau hauv ib tug par nrog tej hauj lwm ntawm Shakespeare, feem ntau siv tib yam kev kawm rau paintings thiab sonnets. Painting thiab paj huam nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm yog inseparable. Nws kos ntxhais rau paintings nyob rau hauv nqe vaj lug kub thiab sau tshwj xeeb zoo cov kwv huam thiab sonnets. Lub hom phiaj ntawm lub Pre-Raphaelite Rossetti khaws cia thiab nyob rau hauv cov paj huam. Nws yuav luag yeej tsis hais lus rau tej yam ntawm lub hnub, sau cov verses medieval tsw. Sonnets thiab kwv huam Dante Gabrielya tag nrho ntawm cov cim thiab txawv zoo txoj kev tshawb no ntawm cov ntsiab lus, zoo li nws paintings. Nws siv lub archaic lem txhob txwm tshaj tawm lawm haum lus, muab tso rau ib tug paub qhia nyob rau hauv ib tug npaj txhij txog cov ntsiab lus teb thiab yog li nrhiav ib tug tshwj xeeb expressiveness.

Lub ntsiab poetic ua hauj lwm uas yog tsim los ntawm Dante Gabriel Rossetti - "Lub tsev ntawm lub neej". Qhov no yog ib phau uas muaj xws li 101 sonnet. Txhua yam ntawm lawv piav ib co taw tes rau hauv lub kws sau paj lug lub neej: ib tug tej yam teev los yog fleeting mus ob peb vas pom los yog sau ntawv txawv. Rossetti feem ntau xa mus rau lub ballads. Nws skillfully siv lub qub tswv yim thiab hom kev kawm, sib txuas rau lawv nrog niaj hnub hom kev kawm thiab ua nws ib tug impressive qhia ua hauj lwm.

Muses

Rossetti tau ntsib nws rau yav tom ntej tus poj niam nyob rau hauv 1850. Elizabeth Siddall embodied tus zoo tagnrho ntawm kev zoo nkauj thiab lub Pre-Raphaelite kwv ua tij nyiag ua rau ntau ntxias. Ib qho ntawm feem impressive duab immortalized nws cov duab twb pleev xim rau los ntawm Rossetti. "Beatrice foom koob hmoov rau" depicts lub beloved Dante Alighieri tsaug tsaug zog thaum lub caij thaum cov noog, symbolizing ib tug tuag, txo nws hwj nws nyob rau hauv lub Palm ntawm ib tug poppy paj. Elizabeth TB cov neeg mob tuag tsis pub dhau ob xyoos tom qab lawv sib yuav, nyob rau hauv 1862, los ntawm ib tug overdose ntawm opium (raws li ib tug version, nws yog ib tug yus tua yus). Inconsolable poj ntsuam muab tso rau hauv lub hleb uas kuv nyiam "lub tsev ntawm lub neej". Txawm li cas los, tom qab ob peb xyoos ntawm Rossetti pom zoo rau exhume lub cev thiab lub tom ntej ntawv ntawm cov kwv huam.

Lwm artist lub muse yog Fanny Cornforth, xwm li lawv nyob rau hauv lub painting "Lady Lilith» (Lady Lilith). Dante Gabriel Rossetti tau ntsib ib tug zoo nkauj tab sis tsis paub ntawv ntxhais nyob rau hauv 1858 thiab lawv kev sib raug zoo ntawd kub ntev li yuav luag tag nrho kuv lub neej, nyob rau hauv kev phem ntawm lub artist lub sib yuav thiab nws kev sib raug zoo nrog Dzheyn Morris. Fanny feem ntau nyiag ua rau Rossetti. Nws yog yooj yim coj los nyob rau hauv paintings "Tom qab tus hnia," "Lukretsiya Bordzhia" thiab twb hu ua "Lady Lilith". Dante Gabriel Rossetti tsoo nrog Fanny nyob rau hauv 1877, thaum lub cev thiab kev puas hlwb kev noj qab nyob ntawm cov artist los ua heev tsis muaj zog.

tsis ntev los no xyoo

Tom qab kev tuag ntawm Elizabeth Rossetti los ua ib tug recluse. Thaum lub sij hawm no, nrog rau Fanny paramount tseem ceeb rau nws yuav Dzheyn Morris, tus poj niam ntawm nws tus phooj ywg William. Nws cov duab zoo nkaus li rau "Proserpina" paintings, "Marian," "Veronica Veronese" thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. cov artist txoj kev noj qab pib tsis muaj zog. Nws tsis kam mus koom nyob rau hauv miv, nce nws dependence rau chloral hydrate. Jane tau ntev nyob nrog Rossetti nrog lub tacit tso cai los ntawm nws tus txiv, uas tau ploj mus rau Iceland nyob rau hauv 1871. Txawm li cas los, thiab pom ib tug zuj zus deterioration nyob rau hauv lub hlwb lub xeev ntawm nws tus lover thiab nws cov tshuaj tiv, nws txav deb deb ntawm Rossetti, thiab lawv kev sib raug zoo yog txo mus rau xov xwm.

Dante Gabriel Rossetti tuag Plaub Hlis Ntuj 9, 1882. Thiab ob lub hlis tom qab ntawd, muaj ib tug exhibition ntawm nws ua hauj lwm muaj ib tug zoo zoo nyob rau hauv ces. Dante Gabriel Rossetti, uas nws biography yog tag nrho ntawm kev kaj lug ib ce thiab cov tragic cov txheej xwm uas tshuav ib qho impressive tus cim rau lub kos duab. Nws ua hauj lwm yog xyaum, lawv kawm kom txawj lig XIX - thaum ntxov XX caug xyoo. Niaj hnub no nyob rau hauv kos duab muaj lub sij hawm "rossetizm" uniting ntxias uas ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub caij ntawm tus poj Pre-Raphaelites.