Xov xwm thiab SocietyKab lis kev cai

Catharsis - ib tug tragic cleansing

Txhais los ntawm Greek lo lus "catharsis" txhais tau tias purification, liberation, nce. Lub tswvyim ntawm catharsis yog qho tseem ceeb heev rau lub ntiaj teb no ntawm kab lis kev cai, kos duab thiab philosophy, tab sis nyob rau txawv sij hawm nyob rau hauv txawv kev qhia thiab thinkers variously to taub catharsis, lo lus hloov. Lub ntsiab tshab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tswvyim no muaj philosophers ntawm antiquity thiab kev txawj ntse, thiab ces nws raug coj los ntawm psychologists.

Antiquity: yuav ua li cas nws tag nrho cov pib

Tus heev notion sawv, tej zaum nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Aristotle. Raws li thaum ub lub tswv yim, catharsis - nws yog ib tug Library hais tias ib tug derives los ntawm saib ntawm lub xwm txheej no. Cov ancient Greek philosopher qhia lub tswvyim, piav txog tej yam uas cov xwm txheej no rau hauv lub spectator. Ntsoog los Library - ib tug Library, lub qhov chaw uas yog txoj kev khuv leej thiab kev ntshai, ces muaj yog ib tug mob lawm. Yuav ua li cas yuav lawv xa ib tug neeg ib tug qab ntxiag lawm?

Qhov tseeb hais tias cov neeg tuaj saib sympathizes nrog tus hero ntawm qee thiab txoj kev khuv leej - yog lub mechanism uas qhia tau hais tias los yog yuav ntxiv zog rau ties ntawm cov neeg, uas qhia lawv general xwm. Thaum ib tug neeg muaj kev cov txoj kev khuv leej nws pom tau tias nws kev sib sau nrog lwm tus neeg: tag nrho cov yuav muaj peev xwm los ua tej kev xav thiab lub xeev, thiab yog li ntawd, yuav tau to taub txhua lwm yam.

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lo lus "catharsis" nyob rau hauv lub Enlightenment

Lub fact tias xws li ib tug catharsis, nquag speculated los ntawm ntau philosophers thiab tsim kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub XVIII caug xyoo. Ntau mloog yog them rau qhov no raug ib tug Fabkis txoj kws sau paj lug thiab playwright Ib Kornel. Nws pom tus essence ntawm tragic purification raws li nram no. Qee qhia tau hais tias qhov kev huam yuaj, sib sib zog nqus kev txom nyem ntawm tus hero thiab cov neeg tuaj saib sympathizes nrog nws. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus tuav pom tau tias ntshai: tag nrho cov teeb meem uas yog overtaking lub tragic hero thiab lwm tus neeg ntawm tag nrho cov, yuav ua li cas rau leej twg, nrog rau lawv tus kheej spectator. Ntshai ua nws mus rau ib tug lub siab xav mus tsis txhob muaj cov tib khaum. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tau tshem ntawm dab tsi coj mus rau lub cev qhuav dej ntawm tus hero ntawm raug xwm txheej kev txom nyem - los ntawm unmanaged enormous passions - kev npau taws, kev khib, ambition, kev sib ntxub. Ntawm no catharsis - yog tau tshem ntawm cov passions uas ua rau tsis zoo siab, los yog cleansing, curbing thiab mloog lus txawj ntse yuav tsum tau.

Nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus rau qhov no kev nkag siab ntawm catharsis muaj lwm yam, hedonistic. Raws li nws, catharsis - yog lub qhov kawg aesthetic kev, uas yog ntaus nqi ncaj qha rau lub hom phiaj ntawm Library.

Catharsis nyob rau hauv psychology

Qhov no txawv mus soj ntsuam tsis tau tsuas yog philosophy, tab sis kuj psychology. Sigmund Freud tswvcuab nws cov neeg mob mus rau hauv ib tug hypnotic lub xeev nyob rau hauv uas lawv relive yav dhau los tus kheej muaj kev nyuaj siab thiab pathogenic muaj feem xyuam rau uas ua nyob rau hauv kev poob plig, tab sis tam sim no - ua raws li los ntawm ib tug tsim nyog teb. Nyob rau hauv science catharsis - nws tseem yog ib tug ntawm txoj kev ntawm hlwb, uas aims mus luaj lub siab los ntawm qhov tob zais tsis sib haum thiab alleviate cov raug kev txom nyem ntawm cov neeg mob.

Yog li ntawd catharsis - ib tug tragic cleansing nyob rau hauv tus ntawm muaj zog tsis zoo tus cwj pwm txawv - xws li kev ntshai los yog txoj kev khuv leej. Nws ua rau cov tshem tawm ntawm lub muaj feem xyuam rau los yog harmonization.

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