Basic Linux commands

Thaum ua hauj lwm nrog cov Linux operating system ib tug ntau ntawm txawv pawg siv, pib los ntawm lub feem ntau yooj yim, thiab xaus nrog tsawg tsawg thiab me ntsis paub. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov beginners yuav tsum tau kawm Linux txib uas nws tseem tau los muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lwm yam ua ke. Leej twg Unix twv yuav raug hu enjoyed tus txiv neej hais kom ua. Ntawm typing nyob rau hauv lub hais kom ua kab, txiv neej, thiab ces tus kev txaus siab ntawm pab neeg IEP, koj yuav tau txais rau qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam online help page. koj yuav tsum nias lub «q» yuav tawm tau qhov kev pab. Tseem tau sau yog ib qho ua lwm hom ntawv pab hu - ib pab neeg info. Tsis zoo li rau nws hais tias tus txheem ntawm cov nplooj ntawv yog noj mus rau lub screen rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cais khej thiab tswj, uas yog hu ua ntshav thiab sub-cov rooj sib txoos.

Rau yooj yim thiab ceev ceev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub system yog tseem ceeb heev kom paub cov yooj yim Linux txib los tswj cov ntaub ntawv. Koj muaj peev xwm tso saib ib daim ntawv teev nrog ls cov ntaub ntawv pas thiab directory. Thov no hais kom ua tsis muaj tsis, koj yuav pom cov ntaub ntawv thiab Wage muaj nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no directory. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias lub neej ntawd ls hides tej ntaub ntawv uas nws npe pib nrog ib teev. cp hais kom ua rau luam cov ntaub ntawv. Ua ntej koj yuav qhia kom meej rau qhov chaw ua ntaub ntawv thov, ces txoj kev uas koj xav kom luam rau nws. Mv hais kom yog siv los yog rename cov ntaub ntawv, los yog txav mus rau lawv mus rau lwm directory. Rm yog siv los rho tawm ib cov ntaub ntawv, yog hais tias tus yuam sij siv -R, koj yuav recursively rho tawm rau tag nrho cov directory.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb txaus Linux txib ua hauj lwm nrog txoj kev. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav hloov qhov tam sim no directory, koj yuav tsum tau siv ib tug hais kom ua li cd. Yog hais tias koj yuav tsum paub uas directory yog tam sim no tus neeg siv yuav tsum ntaus cov pwd hais kom ua, thiab lub meej txoj kev ntawm koj directory yuav muab tso tawm kom. Linux txib mkdir thiab rmdir feem ntxiv thiab tshem tawm txoj kev. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias rmdir hais kom ua tsuas rho tawm tas kev, rau rau tag nrho kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov tag nrho lub txheem ntawm ib tug directory thiab yuav tsum tau siv qhov hais kom ua rm.

Nyob rau hauv Linux, koj mas nws yeej tau mus saib ntau hom ntaub ntawv: ntawv nyeem, scripts, binary cov ntaub ntawv, thiab ntau dua. Nws yog yog li ntawd tsim nyog los xav Linux txib mus saib cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov yooj yim cov kev pab cuam muaj peev xwm yuav hu ua ib tug miv, uas nws lub hom phiaj - los luam cov ntaub ntawv mus rau lub tso zis kwj. Yog hais tias cov ntaub ntawv xov tooj, pab neeg no yuav sib sau ua ke rau lawv. Mus rau nplooj ntawv ntawm ntawv nyeem ntau zaus siv cov tsawg kom ua. Tus Tsov tus tw hais kom ua qhia lub xeem 10 kab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Zoo ib yam li nws pab neeg lub taub hau, ntawm uas nws tseem tau los nyeem cov thawj 10 kab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cais Linux txib rau cov tsim thiab editing ntaub ntawv. touch hais kom yog feem ntau siv los tsim ib qho kev npliag cov ntaub ntawv. Hloov cov ntawv nyeem cov ntaub ntawv nws yog feem ntau yooj yim nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug editor hais tias muaj yog ib tug loj loj. Cov feem nrov yog nano, vi, vim, gedit, Kate.

Muaj kuj txib uas pab kom paub txog cov khoom ntaub ntawv. Piv txwv li, WC hais kom ua yog siv rau suav tus xov tooj ntawm bytes ntawm ib tug neeg cov lus thiab cov kab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Yog xav paub ntau npaum li cas disk qhov chaw nyob los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab folders, koj yuav tsum tau siv qhov hais kom ua du. Ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Linux ua si ntxiv lawm. Rau lawv muaj ib tug kev hloov chmod hais kom ua. Ntxiv mus, cov kev cai yog kaw nyob rau tib lub sij hawm rau peb sib txawv ntawm cov neeg siv: cov ntaub ntawv tswv, cov pab pawg neeg, uas muaj xws li tus tswv tsev, thiab rau tag nrho cov lwm cov neeg. Qhov hais kom ua sib cav uas qhia txog permissions yuav raug kaw nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm ob hom: hais txog zauv los yog ua ib lub cim. Nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv yuav nrhiav kom ua.

Pab rau beginners yog cov compression thiab ntim pab. Cov feem nrov yog cov hais kom ua ntawm ib, uas converts ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub archive tsis muaj compression. Xws li ib tug archive hu ua tarball. Yuav kom tsim tau ib tug compressed archive mus rau lub ib hais kom ua, koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv ib tug ob peb lub lag luam.