Austrian classics. Qhov zoo Austrian composer

Austria muaj ib tug nplua nuj kev cai yav dhau los thiab tam sim no. Nws inhabitants hwm lawv sawv, hosts ntau festivals thiab cov txheej xwm. Austrian classics tau ua ib tug zoo pab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tib neeg kab lis kev cai. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub npe hu rau cov suab paj nruas ntiaj teb no ntawm lub teb chaws no. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv muaj ib tug heev nrov npe.

Sau ntawv thiab paj huam los ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19 classics: ib daim ntawv teev

• Adalbert Stifter.
• Johann Nepomuk Nestroy.
• Karl Emil Fransoz
• Ludwig Antsengruber.
• Leopold von Sacher-Masoch.
• Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach.
• Nikolaus Lenau.
• Peter Rosegger.
• Ferdinand Raimund.
• Frants Grilpartser.
• Ferdinand von Saar.
• Charles Silsfild.

Nta ntawm Austrian kab lis kev cai

Austrian paj huam peculiar thiab txawv txawv. Nws muaj nws tus kheej cim lus thiab style, tshwj xeeb txoj kev thiab hom kev kawm kev ntsiab ntawm lub neej.

Nws twb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19 nyob rau hauv Austria tau tsim ib tug nrog ideological thiab kev ncaj ncees kev sib sau ntawm kab lis kev cai. Austrian classics ntawm no caug xyoo mus txog extraordinary heights nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov spheres of art.

Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom to taub lub kab lis kev cai ntawm no zoo kawg nkaus lub teb chaws, yog tias koj nyeem los yog mloog tej hauj lwm ntawm cov ntxias dag thiab tsis muaj ab tsi. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog lawv cov essence, ntxaum lub ntsiab lus. Tsuas yog ces tus creation yuav tsum qhib nrog rau ib qho amazing party.

Yog hais tias lub "ntaus" dog dig qhuav thiab ntxhib nto Frantsa Grilpartsera paj huam, nws yog ua tau kom tau hauv nws lub ntiaj teb no.

Yog hais tias kov yeej extensiveness piav Adalbert Stifter, ces txhua txhua lo lus yuav tsum ntaus nqi raws li ib tug heev kawg kev paub qhia lo thiab awe-nyias. Sib sib zog nqus cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov paj huam ntawm Georg Trakl. Yog hais tias kov yeej lwm incoherence ntawm nws kab, ces tus kws sau paj lug yuav tsis tshua muaj neeg interesting rau ntau.

Austrian classics tab sis yog txhob txwm koos koj lub ntiaj teb nrog ib tug tiv thaiv txheej ntawm cov nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19 (thiab tsis xwb) phem saj, hais lus phem thiab insipidity.

Yeej muaj tseeb creator tsis tso tseg nws ua hauj lwm rau fend rau lawv tus kheej. Nws yog yooj yim yuav tsum tau misunderstood niaj hnub no. Cia nws tshwm sim tom qab. Tab sis yog tsis to taub nws tsis xav ntawm tag nrho cov.

Austrian ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19

Xyoo pua puv 19 rau Austria - "bourgeois" era. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm no caug xyoo, muaj ib tug phua hauv cov kev cai lub neej ntawm lub teb chaws. Lub ntsiab kev taw qhia yuav entertaining. Tsis muaj zem yog vim li cas lub Viennese operetta yog nkag mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov 19th caug xyoo, lub tswvyim ntawm "Vienna neeg ua yeeb yam" yog poob nws txoj qub tseem ceeb. Nws yog pom tseeb tias nyob rau hauv tej yam muaj ntaub ntawv los ua ntej cov neeg. Nws yog ntaub ntawv, uas yog zoo intertwined German thiab Slav kev cai ntsiab.

Slavic ntsiab yog heev txhawj xeeb txog lub Austrian sau ntawv. Lub keeb kwm xwm txheej no "Kev zoo siab thiab txoj kev tuag ntawm King Ottokar" - ib tug zoo heev ua hauj lwm ntawm nws lub sij hawm. Nws twb sau los ntawm tus Austrian txawj sau ntawv Frants Grilpartser. Nws belongs rau qhov zoo kawg thiab ua yeeb yam "Libuse". Nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm Adalbert Stifter Slavic ntsiab occupies ib tug tseem ceeb qhov chaw.

Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach - lwm zoo heev txawj sau ntawv. Los ntawm Slavs nws yog ncaj qha yam: tuaj los ntawm ib tug aristocratic tsev neeg Dubski.

Qhov zoo sau ntawv ntawm Austria nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug nyuaj lub sij hawm dreaming ntawm kev phooj ywg thiab kev sib haum xeeb ntawm cov haiv neeg. Tag nrho cov no ncaj qha tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lawv cov zoo heev tej hauj lwm.

Nyuag ntaub ntawv hais txog lub Austrian kws sau paj lug

Austrian kws sau paj lug ua ib tug zoo pab rau nws lub teb chaws lub kev loj hlob. Lawv zoo kawg nkaus compositions li cov txawj nyeem ntawv uas to taub thiab txaus siab rau lawv ua hauj lwm.

Georg Trakl (1887-1914) nyob, raws li peb pom, heev me ntsis. Tsuas yog 27 xyoo. Nws yug los nyob rau hauv Salzburg, Lub ob hlis ntuj 3, 1887. Paj Huam pib los sau ntawv nrog nws high-tsev kawm ntawv xyoo. Nws yus tus kheej li cov pieces: "Hnub ntawm kev mloog lus", "Fata Morgana", "Mariya Magdalina," "Dreamland". Los ntawm 1910 mus 1911 nws tau txais kev pab nyob rau hauv cov tub rog. "Yias" yog ib tug txawj zej zog txij li thaum 1912. Ib xyoo tom qab, tus ntawv ntawm nws thawj thawj sau los ntawm cov kwv huam. Nyob rau hauv xyoo 1914 nws tau nais tau sau tseg rau hauv cov tub rog. Nws pom nrog nws tus kheej ob lub qhov muag qhov ntshai heev ntawm tsov rog. Nws lub siab yuav tsis sawv, thiab nws tua nws tus kheej.

Rene Carl Maria Rilke nyob rau hauv 1875-1926 xyoo. Txij li thaum xyoo 1894 nws luam tawm nws thawj thawj zaj dabneeg luv luv, raws li zoo raws li hauv phau ntawv "Lub neej thiab Songs".

Nws tso nws ob sau nyob rau hauv ob xyoos - "raug Lares." Nyob rau hauv 1897 nws tau mus xyuas Venice, ces mus rau Berlin, qhov twg thiab tswm. Ntawm no nws tsim peb collections ntawm cov paj huam. Great cawv rau nws muaj ib tug txawj sau ntawv Lou Andreas-Xas Los Mes. Nyob rau hauv 1899 nws tuaj rau Russia. Muaj nws ua paub Leonid Pasternak, Iley Repinym, Leo Tolstoy, Boris Pasternak, thiab ntau lwm yam nyuab.

Txij li thaum 1901 nws tau tsiv mus rau Paris. Txog thaum nws tuag, nws muaj ib tug sib tham nrog Marina Tsvetaeva, uas yeej tsis tau ntsib. Nws tuag nyob rau hauv 1926.

Stefan Tsveyg

Tus kws sau ntawv Tsveyg Stefan (1881-1942) - ib qho zoo heev Austrian classic. Yug nyob rau hauv Vienna. Nyob rau hauv 1905 nws tau mus rau Paris. Nyob rau hauv 1906 nws yuav mus rau Ltalis, Spain, Is Nrias teb, Teb Chaws Asmeskas, Cuba. Nyob rau hauv 1917-1918 nws nyob rau hauv Switzerland. Tom qab tsov rog, nws hais nyob ze Salzburg. Nyob rau hauv 1901 lub xov xwm ntawm nws thawj phau ntawv "Silver hlua". Nws yog tus phooj ywg nrog tseem ceeb cov nuj nqis ntawm kab lis kev cai, xws li Rilke, Rolland, Masereel, Rodin, Mann, Hesse, Wells thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Thaum lub sij hawm tsov rog, nws tau sau ib tsab ntawv hais txog Rolland - "Lub paub zoo thiab phem ntawm teb chaws Europe". Tus sau tau ua lug npe hu rau nws novels "amok", "Tsis meej pem ntawm txoj kev xav," "Tus muaj koob muaj npe ua si". Zweig feem ntau tsim nthuav cov ntawv sau txog, masterly ua hauj lwm nrog cov keeb kwm ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv 1935 nws tau sau rau hauv phau ntawv "Triumph thiab qee ntawm Erasmus." Lub ob hlis ntuj 22, 1942 coj nrog nws tus poj niam, ib tug loj koob tshuaj sleeping ntsiav tshuaj thiab tuag. Nws kiag li tsis kam txais lub ntiaj teb no.

composers Austria

Austrian classical composers evoke ntau koom haum ua teb ntawm cov neeg uas muaj tag nrho cov kev taw qhia txog daim duab. Daim ntawv nws tus kheej yog ib tug txawj ntse composer thiab Austrian musicians staggering nyob rau hauv nws cov uas duav txhua yam. Lawv yog:

• Franz Yozef Gaydn.
• Johann Nepomuk Hummel.
• Carl Dittersdorf.
• Simon Zehter.
• Leopold Mozart.
• Ignaz Holtsbauer.
• Anselm Hüttenbrenner.
• Karl Cherni.
• Johann Schenk.
• Anton Eberl.
• Franz Schubert.
• Wolfgang Mozart.
• Alban Berg.
• Anton Bruckner.
• Ignats Bryull.
• Anton von Webern.
• Egon Welles.
• Hans GAL.
• Hermann Grabner.
• Johann Nepomuk David.
• Franz von Yamkuva.
• Fritz Kreisler.
• Vilgelm Kintsl.
• Josef lanner.
• Iosif Messner.
• Feliks Motl.
• Carl Milloker.
• Sigismund Thalberg.
• Karl Rankl.
• Leo caij nplooj zeeg.
• Karl Tseller.
• Arnold Schoenberg.
• Yozef Shtraus.
• Iogann Shtraus.
• Gustav Mahler.
• Hans Erich Apostel.
• Friedrich Vildgans.
• Franz Zalmhofer.
• Ernst Krenek.

Franz Yozef Gaydn

Austrian composer, lub brightest neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Viennese classical tsev kawm ntawv. Nws yog kev kawm mus rau txawv lwm yam. Nws sau tau 104 symphonies, 83 quartets, 52 piano sonatas, raws li zoo raws li nws legacy - oratorios, ua yeeb yam thiab masses. Nws yug los lub peb hlis ntuj 31, 1732 nyob rau hauv Rohr. Tam sim no mastered ua si ntau seev. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm 1759-1761 gg. Nws tau txais kev pab nyob rau hauv lub count Morzine, thiab ces coj txoj hauj lwm ntawm Vice-Kapellmeister ntawm lub tsev hais plaub ntawm tub huabtais Esterhazy. Thaum pib ntawm cov kev pab cuam muaj mas instrumental music. Qhov no "Sawv ntxov" triptych ntawm symphonies, "Noon", "yav tsaus ntuj thiab cua daj cua dub." Nyob rau hauv lub lig 1660 lub - thaum ntxov 1670 tus sau loj thiab txaus ntshai symphony. Tseem ceeb rau hauv "Kev Tsis Txaus Siab", "Pam tuag cov tsav," "Stradalnaya", "Farewell." Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no, nws sau kaum yim txoj hlua quartets. Gaydn Yozef kuj sau tau cov opera. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws paub yog "tshuaj", "dag kev plees kev yi", "hli ntiaj teb", "nqi zog loyalty", "Roland Paladin", "Armida". Nyob rau hauv 1787 nws tau sau rau quartets. Cov soj ntsuam ntawm nco ntsoov hais tias lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv tus ntawm lub concerts ntawm Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Tom qab kev tuag ntawm tub huabtais Esterhazy (1790) los ntawm Yauxej Haydn yog tus muaj tswv yim kev ywj pheej thiab lub sijhawm taug kev mus rau lwm lub zos. Nyob rau hauv London, nws tsim lub xeem kaum ob symphonies. Nws tuag nyob rau hauv Vienna rau Lub peb hlis ntuj 31, 1809.

xaus

Yog li, Austrian classics tau ua ib tug zoo pab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tib neeg kab lis kev cai. Austrian paj huam yog distinguished los ntawm nws txawv cov lus thiab style. Peb yuav tsum xav thiab ua tib zoo nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav to taub lub kab lis kev cai ntawm no zoo kawg nkaus lub teb chaws, nyeem ntawv los yog mloog tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab ntawm nws cov classics, sim mus ntes lawv essence. Thiab creation yuav tau qhib los ntawm kev npaj txhij txog peb lub hlis twg.