Architecture ntawm Ancient tim Nkij teb chaws

Ancient Greek architecture tsim nyob rau hauv peb ua sawv. Lub sij hawm ntawm kwv yees li ntawm 600 rau 480 gg BC. e. cim los ntawm tus rog xav txog ntawm lub Persian ntxeem tau. Tom qab lub liberation ntawm lawv cov av, cov Greeks rov pib tsim dawb do. Qhov no lub sij hawm no yog hu ua "archaic".

Nws heyday architecture ntawm ancient Greece tej 480 323 xyoo BC. e. Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm, Aleksandrom Makedonskim tau kov yeej loj heev territories, ho txawv nyob rau hauv lawv haiv neeg. Qhov no tau muaj ib tug raug ntaus nyob rau classical Greek kos duab.

Lig lub sij hawm - Hellenism - ua kom tiav nyob rau hauv 30 g ntawm BC. e. Loos nyob rau lub sij hawm twb kov yeej ancient tim lyiv teb chaws, nws yog nyob rau hauv tus ntawm tim Nkij teb chaws.

Los ntawm archaic sij hawm yog lub ruins ntawm lub tuam tsev. Cov ancient lug yog ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj achievements ntawm architecture. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, hloov cov ntoo tuaj dawb marble thiab limestone. Tej zaum, qhov chiv keeb ntawm cov ancient tuam tsev yog lub tsev ntawm lub Greeks. Nws ntsia raws li ib tug ib cov qauv, nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm uas txhua ob tau ntsia. Qhov no yog ib tug yooj yim haum qauv pib npaj rau ntau lug.

Raws li ib tug txoj cai, lub tsev teev ntuj twb teem rau ib tug tshaj hauv paus. Lub tsev twb tsis muaj qhov rais, hauv nws muaj ib tug pej thuam ntawm tus Vajtswv. Lub tsev twb ncig los ntawm kab nyob rau hauv ob los yog ib tug naj npawb. Lawv ua tau ib tug pab txhawb nqa lub luag hauj lwm rau lub Gable ru tsev thiab kab teeb nyob rau hauv lub qab nthab. Lub sab hauv twb tso cai rau mus kawm rau cov pov thawj. Tus so ntawm cov neeg saib hauv lub tuam tsev los ntawm sab nraum. Siv cov kev faib ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj yog kev kawm mus rau tej yam kev cai thov meej txhais proportions, loj, me, tus naj npawb ntawm kab.

Lub architecture ntawm ancient Greece tau yus muaj los ntawm peb tiam sis: Corinthian, Ionic, Doric.

Xeem tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub era ntawm lub qub. Yog li, lub Doric style yog tus hiob. Nws twb txawv los ntawm ib tug ua ke ntawm lub hwj chim thiab simplicity. Style npe los ntawm cov Doric haiv neeg uas tsim nws.

Lub Ionic style twb tsim nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Asia muaj hnub nyoog, nyob rau hauv nws cov Ionian cheeb tsam. Los yeej muaj, nws coj li cov Ancient tim Nkij teb chaws. Lub architecture ntawm cov style no sib haum xeeb thiab elegance ntawm txhua. Qhov nruab nrab ib feem nyob rau hauv lub capitals ntsia zoo li ib tug tog hauv ncoo nrog fab, cov mus rau hauv ib tug kauv.

Nyob rau hauv lub Hellenistic lub sij hawm ntawm ancient Greek architecture distinguished los ntawm lub siab xav rau grandeur, ib tug tej yam majesty. Thaum uas feem ntau kheev siv Corinthian capitals (crowning ntawm lub sab). Lawv kho kom zoo nkauj yog yeej los ntawm floral motifs, mas depicting acanthus nplooj.

Nyob rau hauv 5 BC. e. Ancient Greek architecture tej nws heyday. Great cawv rau lub kos duab ntawm no classic lub sij hawm muaj ib tug naas ej statesman Pericles. Nws reign twb cim los ntawm thaum pib ntawm loj-scale siv nyob rau hauv Athens - lub biggest artistic thiab kev cai center ntawm ancient Greece. Major ua hauj lwm twb nqa tawm ntawm lub Acropolis - lub ancient toj.

Lub Greeks twb tau nyob rau hauv nws cov architecture rau zoo meej kev sib sau ntawm constructive thiab artistic cov ntsiab lus lug.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv 5 BC. e. Nws tej nws heyday thiab cov architecture thiab cov duab puab ntawm ancient Greece. Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm, qhov loj tshaj keeb kwm monuments raug tsim. Txawm li cas los, kom txog rau thaum hnub no fwm thaum ntxov tej hauj lwm ntawm Greek sculptors.

Nyob rau hauv 7-6 centuries BC. e. saum txawv ceeb symmetry - ib feem ntawm lub cev mirrors rau lwm yam. Sculptures tau chained txaus - ib tug npag cev nias outstretched caj npab. Dua li ntawm qhov uas tsis muaj kev kos npe rau ntawm lub zog (kev sib hloov los yog qaij ntawm lub taub hau), statues daim di ncauj twb qhia tawm nyob rau hauv ib qho yooj yim luag. Sculptural kos duab ntawm tom qab sij hawm yus muaj los ntawm ib tug ntau ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv ib tug nyob rau BC. e raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm lub active expansion ntawm lub Roman faj tim teb chaws, lub ancient Greek architecture yuav siv sij hawm nyob rau hauv ntau dua nta invaders, poob lawv tus kheej.