Antiseptic tov: yam ntxwv thiab daim ntawv thov

Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv antiseptic yog ib qho kua dej uas ntub dej uas yooj yim tuaj yeem. Cwj pwm los ntawm ib tus ntxhiab tsw. Cov khoom sib dho yog ethanol. Nws yog zoo tov nrog dej, diethyl ether thiab chloroform. Volumetric ntau yog txiav txim siab hauv cov qib, qhov hnyav - hauv feem pua. Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv antiseptic yog muab cia rau hauv ib qho chaw txias, hauv lub thawv kaw nruj nreem. Txee lub neej ntawm yeeb tshuaj yog txog li tsib xyoos. Kev siv yuav tsum ua kom tiav tsis pub dhau hnub ntawm lub pob.

Antiseptic daws: lub mechanism ntawm kev txiav txim. Nrog rau lub zos cov tshuaj, ethanol yog khaus. Thaum ua ntawv thov rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab mucous daim nyias nyias, muaj ib tug zoo nkaus li mob khaub thuas, uas hloov hlawv, ces hyperemia. Qhov kev txiav txim no ua ntej pib tshwm sim, thiab tom qab ntawd ces qhov ncaj qha cawv ntawm ethanol nyob rau hauv lub capillaries. Lub voos ntawm cov receptors hloov kho los ntawm qhov kev tua ntawm lawv cov rhiab heev, vim tias nws ua rau nws tus kheej thiab qhov muag (analgesic) ua.

Thaum noj cov qoob rau 5-10%, cov tshuaj aseptic qhib lub qoob loo ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav; Hauv siab ntau dua inhibits lub tso pa tawm ntawm pais plab kua txiv, tab sis nws stimulates tso tawm mucus, tsis muaj significantly cuam tshuam lub gastric motility thiab peristalsis ntawm intestine. 70-90% ethanol provokes txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub zog rarefaction nrog tso tawm ntau npaum li cov mucus. Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv antiseptic tom nruab nrog ntau theem rov qab kho dua ntawm txoj hnyuv.

Thaum thov kom muaj ib lub qhov txhab nto los yog tom qab subcutaneous thawj coj nyob rau hauv 70% ethanol thiab ntau dua, yuav ua tau cov ntaub so ntswg necrosis vim lub peev xwm mus tau yooj yim muab dej cell, uas ua rau yus protein coagulation. Qhov no piav txog nws cov kab mob bactericidal. Kev kho antiseptic daws ntawm 95% concentration tsis tua kab mob, vim nws tsuas ua nkaus xwb superficially. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antimicrobial feem ntau yog hais txog 50-70% cawv daws.

Kev kho antiseptic tshuaj: qhia txog kev siv. Cawv yog yooj yim absorbed los ntawm mucous daim nyias nyias, nrog 20-40% nyob rau hauv lub plab, 60-80% nyob rau hauv intestine. Resorptive nyhuv tshwm tom qab txog nees nkaum feeb. Kev tsim kho yog zoo li kev txiav txim ntawm cov yeeb tshuaj. Tom qab kev nqus dej, cov tshuaj no yog sib npaug hauv cov ntaub so ntswg uas nws yog ib qho ntawm oxidized los ntawm cov dej cawv tshaj plaws ntawm cov dej cawv nrog rau kev tso tawm loj ntawm lub zog. Txawm li cas los, feem ntau ntawm cov ethanol yog muab tshem tawm los ntawm lub cev nyob rau hauv ib tug unchanged lub xeev los ntawm cov excretory kabmob.

Rau kev haus dej cawv yog pom los ntawm cov lus qhia meej meej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog theem ntawm kev ua kom raug. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias, tsis zoo li lwm yam tshuaj, qhov no theem nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv tag nrho nco ntsoov. Tus spectrum ntawm cov nyhuv narcotic ntawm ethanol yog nqaim, yog li nws yog qhov txaus ntshai heev rau kev siv tshuaj loog. Piv txwv, nyob rau hauv tib neeg cov ntshav, tus qauv ntawm lub cev yog cov ethanol ntsiab lus ntawm 4 mg ib 100 ml; Kev quab yuam ua rau qib siab tshwm sim ntawm qhov muag ntawm 20 mus rau 200 mg. Ib 100 ml, coma - tom 400 mg / 100 ml lossis ntau dua, tuag tshwm sim ntawm qhov concentration ze rau tus nqi ntawm 700 mg / 100 ml. Nyob hauv kev qaug cawv, kev ua kom sov dua tuaj thiab hloov mus rau qhov cua sov tuaj, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev muaj zog ntxiv. Tib lub sij hawm, ua pa yuav tawg ua rau vim yog kev nyuaj siab ntawm qhov chaw ua pa, qhov pulse sai sai, ntshav siab txo vim yog kev nthuav dav ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm peripheral.

Sab nraud daim ntawv thov ntawm aseptic tshuaj muab ib tug tshuaj tua kab mob, antiseptic kev txiav txim. Thaum haus dej cawv yog raug rau cov kab mob microbial, cov proteins uas tau ua pa thiab coagulated. Cov tshuaj no qhia tias bacteriostatic ua rau cov kab mob gram-negative thiab gram-positive, nrog rau cov kab mob. Hauv kev phais xyaum nws yog siv rau kev ua hauj lwm thiab tes, hauv chaw muag tshuaj rau kev npaj kev rho tawm thiab kab mob.