Vasodilator - yog dab tsi? Hauj lwm ntawm lub pharmacological pab pawg neeg

Vasodilation yog tus txheej txheem ntawm so ntawm lub npag txheej ntawm cov vascular phab ntsa. Cov tshuaj muaj ib tug zoo li mechanism ntawm qhov kev txiav txim thiab kev siv nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm thiab tawg, hu ua cov coj lub sij hawm - vasodilator. Yuav ua li cas yog nws thiab dab tsi cov cuab yeej vasodilators, xav txog ntxiv lawm.

Txheej txheem cej luam

Txo mob tso zis, tsim lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm, activates adrenergic tshee thiab renin-angiotensin system, uas ua nyob rau hauv ib tug kev tso tawm ntawm angiotensin II thiab norepinephrine. Active tshuaj khi rau cov receptors, uas ua rau yus vasoconstriction.

Tus thawj theem ntawm lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau xws li ib tug mechanism, vim hais tias nws tso cai rau kom muaj cov yam ntshav siab. Txawm li cas los, ntev-lub sij hawm narrowing ntawm cov leeg ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm txhaws dab nyob rau hauv lub ntsws thiab txo mob tso zis.

Vasodilators - tshuaj (daim ntawv teev cov npe muaj nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb kev kho mob thiab pharmacological ntaub ntawv, tshaj tej ntawm, hauv qab no peb sau cov feem ntau nrov txhais tau tias ntawm no pab pawg neeg), yog siv rau cov expansion ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Cov no txoj kev loj hlob ntawm hypotensive nyhuv. Ib qho tseem ceeb hais rau hauv no hom ntawm cov tshuaj yog ib hearty hnoos. Yuav ua li cas yog hais tias xws li ib tug mob yuav pab vasodilators? Npaj rau ntawm lub plawv hnoos siv los nthuav coronary hlab ntsha.

kev faib tshuaj

Nyob ntawm seb uas qhov chaw ntawm lub vascular txaj cuam tshuam los ntawm surfactants, muaj peb pab pawg ntawm cov vasodilators:

1. arterial:
   • "Hydralazine";
   • calcium antagonists.
2. venous:

• nitrates;
• sydnonimine.

venous vasodilators

Venous vasodilator - yog dab tsi? Qhov no tshuaj ua tsis laus ntawm lub venous vascular phab ntsa. Venules teb rau sab ntau ntawm active tshuaj tshaj leeg. Nyob rau hauv xws li mob, nitrates yog siv los so kom txaus lub loj leeg, ua rau kom nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, txo ib lub nra hnyav rau hauv lub plawv, txo qhov yuav tsum tau myocardial oxygen thov.

Venous vasodilators - npaj (npe, koob piav nyob rau hauv lub rooj), uas pom tau hais tias tus tov ntawm tag nrho cov antianginal tshuaj. Sab los yog tsawg tsawg thiab luv luv-lived.

arterial vasodilators

Arterial vasodilator - yog dab tsi? Qhov no pharmacological neeg sawv cev active tshuaj uas relaxes lub nqaij ntawm lub arterial phab ntsa.

Piv txwv li, "Hydralazine" - ib tug yeeb tshuaj uas tsub kom lub plawv dhia, nce ntshav txaus rau lub ob lub raum thiab lub hlwb uas muaj ib tug reflex ntsoos ntsoos teb ntawm vascular spasm. Siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntaub ntawv ntawm tawg, hypertensive teebmeem nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj mas siv.

Sab los "Hydralazine":

• cephalalgia;
• lossis puas liab liab ntawm lub ntsej muag;
• tsos ntawm edema;
• degradation ces angina;
• ib tug mob uas zoo sib xws rau mauj lupus erythematosus.

"Diazoxide" - ib tug vasodilator, uas yog siv heev dua lwm yam rau cov nyem ntawm hypertensive ntsoog. Intravenously, lowers ntshav siab tom qab 2-3 feeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg sawv cev ua rau ib tug muaj zog so ntawm lub tsev me nyuam thiab dej tuav tseg.

Calcium antagonists - cov pab pawg neeg ntawm arterial vasodilators, uas muaj xws li cov nram qab no txhais tau tias:

1. "Nifedipine" - tuskheej ib spasm ntawm coronary hlab ntsha, lowers ntshav siab, thiaj li muaj cov ua hauj lwm ntawm cov kev mob plawv.
2. "Verapamil" - thiaj li myocardial contractility, restores lub plawv atherosclerosis thiab ntshav siab.

Npaj Mixed hom

Mixed vasodilator - yog dab tsi? Qhov no txhais tau tias cov active ingredient uas relieves spasm ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov leeg. Ib tug ntawm qhov zoo tshaj yog sodium nitroprusside. Mechanism kev txiav txim ntawm nws yog zoo li nitrates. Tso dej thawj coj ntawm cov tshuaj ua rau ib tug ceev thiab muaj zog ua hauj lwm, tab sis nws yog luv luv-nyob.

Nws yog siv raws li ib tug vasodilator nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm mob thiab mob hauv lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm, hypertensive lub xeev nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm myocardial infarction, hypertensive encephalopathy nrog cov tsos mob. Cov kev taw qhia ntawm sodium nitroprusside yuav ua rau kiv taub hau, mob taub hau, tsis nco qab, xeev siab, tachycardia.

ACE inhibitors - pab pawg neeg txhais tau tias thaiv cov hlab qhov tsim ntawm angiotensin converting enzyme, li no tsis tsim angiotensin II. Nyob rau hauv parallel, muaj ib tug ntxiv dag zog rau cov nyhuv ntawm diuretics. Ib suam ntawm ACE inhibitors yog raws li nyob rau hauv lawv cov tshuaj qauv:

1. Uas muaj ib tug sulfhydryl neeg:
   • "Captopril".
   • "Zefenopril".
   • "Benazepril."
2. Ib tug carboxyl neeg:
   • "Lisinopril".
   • "Enalapril".
   • "Spirapril".
3. Phosphinyl pab pawg neeg uas muaj:
   • "Fosinopril".

Lub formulations muaj qhov zoo rau asymptomatic sab laug ventricular kawg, atherosclerosis ntawm cov carotid cov hlab ntsha, metabolic syndrome, Microalbuminuria, atrial fibrillation, heart attack myocardial infarction, nephropathy, uas tsis yog-ntshav qab zib.

Cov me nyuam vasodilators

Vasodilators, tshuaj rau cov me nyuam yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv mob loj heev pathologies. Raws li feem ntau yog siv myotropic txhais tau tias ( "Dibazol" "Papaverine") thiab ganglionic ( "benzogeksony").

Cov me nyuam tau txais vasodilators neurological kev kho mob. Cov nyiaj yog aimed ntawm kev txhim kho lub hlwb ntshav, yog siv nyob rau hauv ib tug "dawb" hyperthermia thiab hydrocephalus.

Tej yam tshuaj yog xaiv ib lub zuj zus, nyob ntawm seb tus mob ntawm tus neeg mob, tus heev ntawm kev ua txhaum, tus duab thiab cov chav kawm ntawm tus kab mob no. Self-tshuaj yog tsis pom zoo.