Urea. Norma thiab ua rau deviations.

Urea yog ib tug protein decomposition khoom. Thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv deamination ntawm amino acids los tsim ammonia. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav txo nws toxicity thiab neutralize, yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub siab urea. Urea - ib tug tsawg molecular yuag compound, dawb do dua los ntawm cov cell daim nyias nyias ntawm cov ntshav liab thiab parenchymal kabmob. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias urea nws tus kheej yog tsis muaj-toxic, tshuaj lom tsis tau poov tshuaj ions uas noog nrog nws, thiab guanidine derivatives. Uas yog vim li cas tib neeg lub cev yog ib qho tseem ceeb txaus mus tas li khaws cia nyob rau hauv cov tsim nyog qib uas urea. Cov cai ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg, thiab nws yuav qhia tau qhov ntsuam.

Urea - ib tug osmotic active tshuaj, li ntawd, nws ntev li txuam nrog yuav ua rau o ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm parenchymal kabmob, central lub paj hlwb, subcutaneous cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub myocardium.

Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim los mus txiav txim yuav ua li cas zoo lub ntaus ntawv yog ua tau hauj lwm glomerular raum, nws yuav kawm theem, nyob rau cov ntshav yog feeb meej urea. Cov cai ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub ntshiab yuav tsum tau 1,8-7,5 mmol / l. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm tus nqi qis tshaj tus nqi tej zaum yuav raug rau cov me nyuam nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm 14 xyoo, thiab lub siab tshaj plaws - rau cov neeg laus, uas nws muaj hnub nyoog nce mus txog 60 xyoo. Nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos no Performance index yuav tsum feem ntau yuav tsawg tshaj li 4.3 thiab tsis tsawg tshaj li 1.4 mmol / l.

Yuav kom txiav txim seb lub concentration ntawm urea ua biochemical tsom xam ntawm cov ntshav. Rau ib tug ntau ua tiav daim duab, nrog rau urea kuj yuav txiav txim cov ntsiab lus ntawm creatine. Yog hais tias, nyob rau hauv kev tshwm sim ntawm analyses, urea twb tau nce, ces tus mob no yog hu ua uremia. Feem ntau cov feem ntau nws yog nrog los ntawm ib tug clinically cov syndrome ntawm intoxication. Urea yog ua nyob rau hauv muaj zog cov nqi thaum lub sij hawm catabolic lub xeev nyob rau hauv lub ntev kev siv ntawm cov protein, thiab cov assimilation ntawm cov nqaijrog thiab cov amino acids tom qab pais plab los ntshav. Cov ntshav concentration ntawm urea nce raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm lub cev qhuav dej vim nce passive haum rau lub raum tubules. Ntawm cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj zog theem ntawm urea, yuav tsum tau teev tseg raws li nram no:

• Amyloidosis, raum, pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, tuberculosis raum ;
• Txawv txav zis txaus los pluag patency ntawm mob txeeb zig;
• Phem hlav thiab leukemia;
• Lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm;
• los ntshav;
• Heart attack myocardial infarction;
• plob tsis so tswj rhuav txhua;
• kub taub hau;
• Burns, los yog poob siab;
• lub cev qhuav dej;
• cachexia;

Muaj kuj yog ib tug muaj sia mob, thaum tus nqi nce, uas yog feeb meej nyob rau hauv cov ntshav urea. Cai nws yuav tsum tau theem yuav tsum ua zoo tshaj raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm kev khiav ce.

Ua kom lub urea cov ntsiab lus thiab yuav siv lwm yam tshuaj. Cov lawv yuav tau hais xws li phenylbutazone, anabolic steroids, aldomet, dopegit, Rauwolfia alkaloids, hlau npaj, thiab nephrotoxic tshuaj.

Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, cov ntshav kuaj yuav pom hais tias lub urea yog txo. Txawm li cas los, qhov no tshwm sim heev tsis tshua muaj. Qhov no tshwm sim feem ntau nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob qhov twg ua txhaum ntawm cov khoom cua muaj nuj nqi ntawm lub siab, thiab yog hais tias tus neeg mob kov ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm cov protein. Ntxias ib tug txo nyob rau hauv cov ntshav urea theem tau cov kab mob xws li mob npuas paug, kab mob siab thiab hepatic coma, hyperhydration, acromegaly, lom los ntawm arsenic los yog phosphorus, raws li zoo raws li lub xeev tom qab kev lim ntshav. Thaum lub physiological theem yuav raug txo kom tsawg thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub urea. Cai nws concentration hauv cov ntshav thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no yog zoo heev txo. Yog vim li cas rau kom txhob muaj cov urea kuj yuav noj cov zaub mov los yog starvation. Yog vim li cas koj xav tau txoj cai mus kom ze rau cov khoom noj.