Noj qab haus huvTshuaj

Thalamus - Lub thalamus yog ...: txhais, qauv thiab muaj nuj nqi

Kev loj hlob ntawm Psychiatry thiab kev kawm txoj tib neeg lub hlwb nyob rau hauv niaj hnub tej yam kev mob yog tsis yooj yim sua yam uas tsis tau nyob rau hauv-tob paub ntawm cov qauv thiab cov kev khiav dej num ntawm lub paj hlwb. Tsis muaj ib tug to taub txog cov txheej txheem uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cev yuav tsis zoo kho tus kab mob no thiab xa rov qab cov neeg rau lub neej zoo. Kev ua txhaum nyob rau txhua theem ntawm embryogenesis - genetic txawv txav los yog mob, vim lub teratogenic los ntawm lwm yam - ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov organic pathology thiab irreparable txim.

ib qho tseem ceeb department

Lub hlwb - lub complex qauv ntawm cov kab mob. Nws muaj xws li ntau yam ntsiab. Ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws departments yog suav tias yog intermediate. Nws muaj ob peb mus: lub thalamus, hypothalamus, thiab epithalamus metetalamus. Cov yooj yim tshaj plaws thawj ob yog suav hais tias.

Thalamus: physiology

Qhov no lub caij yog muaj tuaj raws li theem nrab symmetrical tsim. Nws yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub midbrain thiab cortex. Caij muaj 2 seem. образование, входящее в лимбическую систему. Thalamus - yog kev kawm ntawv, ib feem ntawm cov limbic system. Nws ua ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev pab raws qib. Thaum lub sij hawm embryonic txoj kev loj hlob, lub caij yog suav tias yog qhov loj tshaj plaws. Nws yog tsau nyob rau hauv lub thiaj li hu ua anterior cheeb tsam, nyob ze rau qhov chaw ntawm lub paj hlwb. Los ntawm nws mus rau lub Cortex paj fibers cuag nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov lus qhia. Lub nrub nrab nto ntaub ntawv ib sab phab ntsa ntawm lub thib peb ventricle.

tsuab

часть сложного комплекса. Thalamus - yog ib feem ntawm ib tug complex set. Nws yog tsim nyob rau ntawm plaub qhov chaw. Cov muaj xws li: lub hypothalamus, epithalamus, predtalamus thiab dorsal thalamus. Cov yav tas ob yog muab los ntawm lub intermediate qauv. Epithalamus muaj pineal talÃ, daim duab peb sab thiab leashes. Nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no uas muaj nyob rau nuclei muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv qhov ua kom tsw. Developmental xwm epithalamus thiab peritalamusa sib txawv. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, lawv yuav kho li cais chaw. включает в себя более 80 ядер. Nyob rau hauv kev, thalamus qauv muaj xws li ntau tshaj 80 nuclei.

tseem

lub hlwb thalamus muaj xws li slat system. Nws yog tsim los ntawm myelinated fibers thiab cais qhov sib txawv qhov chaw hauv lub kawm ntawv. Lwm yam chaw yog txhais neuronal pawg. Piv txwv li, lub intralaminar ntsiab periventricular nucleus thiab thiaj li nyob. Lub ntsiab txawv heev los ntawm lub ntsiab feem thalamic.

kev faib

Txhua qhov chaw muaj nws keeb. Qhov no ua rau lawv tus nqi rau tib neeg lub cev. Ib suam ntawm nuclei yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lawv qhov chaw. Paub qhov txawv cov nram qab no pawg:

  1. Pem hauv ntej.
  2. Mediodorsal.
  3. Midline.
  4. Dorsolateral.
  5. Ventrolateral.
  6. Ventral posteromedial.
  7. Rov qab.
  8. Intralaminar.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov tub ntxhais yog muab faib nyob rau hauv lub orientation ntawm neuronal txiav txim rau:

  1. Spotting.
  2. Ua ua tactile Pib ntsais koj teeb.
  3. Hnov.
  4. Regulating tshuav nyiaj li cas.

hom ntawm chaw zov me nyuam

Faib relay, thiab nonspecific koom haum nucleus. Cov yav tas muaj xws li ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm nrub nrab thiab intralaminar formations. Lub relay nucleus tau txais Pib ntsais koj teeb, uas yog tom qab npaj nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam sib txawv ntawm cov cortex. Cov no muaj xws chaw uas kis tus thawj ncus (ventral posteromedial, postlateralnoe ventral, nrub nrab thiab lateral geniculate) thiab pulses muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov tswv yim cerebellum (ventral sab). Sib koom ua ke tub ntxhais feem ntau ntawm cov pulses tau los ntawm cov cortex. Lawv Project lawv rov qab mus rau tswj cov kev ua.

neural txoj

образование, связанное с гиппокампом. Thalamus - yog kev kawm ntawv muaj feem xyuam rau lub hippocampus. Lub sis yog los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb txoj kev, nyob rau hauv uas muaj cov teeb, thiab mammillary lub cev. Los ntawm cortex thalamus txuas thalamocortical rays. Tsis tas li ntawd muaj yog txoj kev nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas yog kis tau mus rau khaus, kov, kub. Nws yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov leeg nrob qaum. Ntawm no muaj ob departments: lub ventral thiab sab. Nyob rau hauv thawj pass pulses ntawm kev mob thiab kub, tus thib ob - nyob rau hauv lub siab, thiab kov.

ntshav mov

Nws yog mob los ntawm kev txuas cov rear, inferolateral, sab thiab nruab nrab choroidal thiab paramedian thalamus, subthalamic arterial cov hlab ntsha. Ib txhia neeg tau pom anatomical anomaly. Nws yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug Percheron leeg. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug txav deb ntawm lub rear lub cev ntawm ib tug cerebral txog ntsha. Nws muab tag nrho cov ntshav thalamus. Qhov no tshwm sim yog heev tsis tshua muaj.

zog

? Thalamus yog lub luag hauj lwm rau li cas? Qhov no txoj kev kawm ntawv yuav siv sij hawm ib tug ntau ntawm teeb meem. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub thalamus - ib hom ntawm ib tug hub ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Los ntawm nws tshwm sim relay ntawm subcortical chaw. Piv txwv li, txhua tsoov system, lwm yam tshaj li olfactory siv thalamic nucleus, uas tau txais thiab kis tseg nyob rau hauv cov coj thawj cheeb tsam. Rau cov optic feem ntawm lub retina khoom pulses yuav muab xa mus los ntawm lub sab kev sib cais chaw, projecting tus coj cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv lub occipital cortex tsam sector. Ib tug tshwj xeeb lub luag hauj lwm yog mus rau lub thalamus nyob rau hauv cov kev cai ntawm wakefulness thiab pw tsaug zog. Cores ntawm interacting nrog daim tawv, tsim kev circuits txuam nrog nco qab. Cov kev ua si thiab kev zoo siab kuj regulates lub thalamus. Puas no tsim feem ntau ua rau coma. Lub thalamus yog kev cob cog rua rau lub hippocampus ua tej yam kev pab raws qib rau nco lub koom haum. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias nws cheeb tsam yog kev cob cog rua rau ib co ntawm cov mesial-sab nqaij daim tawv thaj chaw. Qhov no saib kuas paub thiab ntau yam rekollektivnoy nco. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws qhia tias cov thalamus yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv neural dab tsim nyog rau cov lub cev muaj zog cov kev cai.

pathologies

Vim hais tias mob stroke thalamic syndrome yuav tsim. Nws zoo nkaus li ib tug-ib tog hlawv (fever), mob tej ncus. Nws yog feem ntau nrog los ntawm mus ob peb vas swings. Ob sab sib dho thalamic cheeb tsam ntawm ischemia yuav ua heev loj ua txhaum. Cov no muaj xws, piv txwv li, xws li akinetic mutism, oculomotor teeb. Thaum ob sab sib dho occlusion ntawm leeg Percheron infarction zaum yuav tshwm sim.

Thalamic reticular tsim

Nyob rau hauv lub central seem ntawm lub thoob yog ib tug sawv ntawm lub hlwb. Lawv fiab ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm fibers extending nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov lus qhia. Yog hais tias peb xav txog qhov no tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug tshuab kuaj kab mob, nws zoo li ib tug network. Yog li ntawd, nws hu ua lub reticular tsim. Neural fibers ncaim ntawm cov kaub puab thiab tsim ib tug uas tsis yog-kev txoj kev. Nrog lawv pab khaws cia ua si nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov qhov chaw ntawm lub Cns. Nyob rau hauv tus ntawm lub tsim yog enhanced reflexes. Nyob rau hauv no pawg muaj ib tug xaiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Lub overlying feem tau txais xwb tshiab thiab ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb. Active tsim yog yeej ib txwm muaj ib theem siab, raws li nws mus txog tus ntsais teeb ntawm tag nrho cov receptors.

neurons

Lawv muaj ib tug siab rhiab heev rau pharmacological cov neeg ua hauj thiab cov tshuaj hormones. Cov tshuaj xws li "reserpine", "Chlorpromazine", "Serpazil" thiab lwm tus neeg yog tau txo cov kev ua ntawm tsim. Nyob rau hauv neurons INTERACTIONS uplink thiab downlink Pib ntsais koj teeb. Lub pulses yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev nyob rau hauv lub circuits. Vim li no cov kev ua si yog khaws cia. Nws, nyob rau hauv lem, yog tsim nyog los tswj lub suab nrov ntawm lub paj hlwb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov tsim, nyob rau hauv particular nws lub seem, muaj los ib tug sib sib zog nqus pw tsaug zog, txawm hais tias afferent Pib ntsais koj teeb ntxiv mus txog rau hauv lub cortex los ntawm lwm cov kev.

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