Soviet paj huam ntawm txawv eras

Soviet paj huam uas ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub hlws ris ntawm XIX thiab XX centuries, raws li zoo raws li cov neeg uas koom nyob rau hauv cov ntawv tseeb sau ntawv nyob rau hauv lub 60s ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo yuav rightly yuav hu ua revolutionaries Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv. Nyiaj hnub nyoog muab peb cov npe zoo li Balmont, BLOK, Gumilev, Mandelstam, Akhmatova, Sologub, Bryusov, etc. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm peb twb kawm txog Esenin, Tsvetaeva, Mayakovsky, Voloshin, ib tug northerner.

Symbolists thiab romance ntawm lub lig thib kaum cuaj xyoo pua coj ib lo lus tshiab rau hauv cov paj huam. Ib txhia hu nkauj ntawm earthly hav zoov, thaum lwm tus neeg tau pom ib tug transformation nyob rau hauv kev cai dab qhuas. Futurists nrhiav kom tau mus nrog cov creators ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, uas lawv twb qhia nyob rau hauv nws hu rau cov ntxeev siab thiab shocking, coj ib tug tshiab zog cov ntaub ntawv uas lub sij hawm.

Kwv huam ntawm Soviet paj huam muaj kev cuam tshuam tus ntsuj plig ntawm lub sij hawm, cov nom tswv qhov teeb meem ntawm lub teb chaws, haiv neeg mus ob peb vas. Literature, zoo li hauv lub teb chaws, tom qab lub kiv puag ncig ntawm 1917, lub xyoo yog ib tug multinational, combining sib txawv cim thiab yeej ntxias. Nyob rau hauv lub verses ntawm paj huam ntawm lub sij hawm, peb muaj peev xwm pom thiab qhia nws vehemently Leninist ideology thiab sentiments ntawm lub proletariat thiab lub bourgeoisie kev txom nyem.

Soviet paj huam ntawm lub nyiaj hnub nyoog

Qhov loj tshaj architects ntawm lub XIX-XX centuries. Nws yuav hu ua Acmeists Akhmatova Zenkevich, Gumilyov, Mandelstam. Lawv txug kev rapprochement yog tsis sib xws los symbolism, cov muaj siab kom tshem tau ntawm nws utopian theories. Lawv menyuam pictorial dluab, ncauj lus kom ntxaws muaj pes tsawg leeg, zoo nkauj lub cev tsis kho tej yam. Lawv koom siab mus txog rau thaum lub phaum ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II, tom qab Soviet paj huam mus lawv nyias muaj nyias txoj.

Futurists kuj tau ib tug zoo pab cov ntaub ntawv uas. Qhov no style ua hauj lwm Khlebnikov, Burliuk, Kamensky. Yog li ntawd yuav pom tau tias daim duab raws li ib tug teeb meem thiab hloov tib neeg lub cwj pwm ntawm comprehensibility thiab incomprehensibility ntawm creativity. Lawv repelled los ntawm cov passive txais ib lub ntiaj teb outlook, yuam cov txawj nyeem ntawv xav tsis cia, tab sis artistic, txoj kev zoo nkauj.

Raws li rau sau ntawv uas nws ua hauj lwm yog paub rau peb los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv: Tsvetaeva, Esenin, Mayakovsky, lawv txoj hmoo tsis tau hu ua tej yam yooj yim. Cov Soviet paj huam rau nws tus kheej tej tag nrho lub txim ntawm lub revolutions thiab kev nom kev tswv kev tsuj, kev nyuaj siab uas tsis muaj kev nkag siab txog ntawm cov haiv neeg thiab cov tub ceev xwm, tab sis mus txog thaum kawg sib ntaus sib tua rau nws txoj hauj lwm thiab khwv tau thoob ntiaj teb koob meej.

Soviet kws sau paj lug ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm lub "thaw"

Tom qab Stalin tuag, tuaj rau lub hwj chim Nikita Sergeevich Hruschev, ib lub sij hawm ntawm "thaw". Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no thiaj li muaj lub cib fim hais lus openly, tsis txaj muag thiab kev raug txim ntawm censorship. Muaj ntau ntawm cov thawj coj, uas tau ua txawm ua ntej tsov rog, luam tawm nws tej hauj lwm xwb nyob rau hauv lub 60s. Piv txwv li, Yevtushenko, Voznesensky, Okudzhava los ua ib tug tiag tiag nom tswv nov ntawm nqaij tawv ntawm lub sij hawm. Lawv sau nyob rau hauv lub halls ntawm ob peb kaum ntawm txhiab tus neeg, tab sis ob peb cov neeg to taub lawv. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, muaj ntau yam ntawm cov zajlus ntxias ntawm lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov XX xyoo pua cuam tshuam rau txoj cai nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm, tab sis nws tsis yog ib tug provocation los yog ib tug raug txim ntawm Stalinism. Yog li ntawd, kws sau paj lug qhia nws lub tswv yim nyob rau hauv ib tug sarcastic nqe. Lawv views yog qhia los ntawm ntau intellectuals thiab kawm ntawv cov neeg, lawv kuj txais thiab ua hauj lwm. Poets ntawm lub 60s tswj yuav tsum yeej xwb tag nrho cov pejxeem tsis muaj kev zam.