Rhiav nyob rau Lavxias teb sab lus: haumxeeb-semantic hom ntawm kev hais lus

Lus raws li ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm kev sib txuas lus thiab kis tau tus mob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj ob theem pib ntaub ntawv - monologue thiab kev sib tham. Txhua yam ntawm lawv nws muaj nws tus kheej yus nta thiab pom qhov txawv yam ntxwv. Monologue daim ntawv no, nyob ntawm seb cov kev sib txuas cov hom phiaj, nws cov ntsiab lus thiab cov qauv ntawm cov kev nthuav qhia yog muab faib ua peb haumxeeb-semantic hom.

Hom ntawm kev hais lus thiab lawv cov kev faib

Nyob rau hauv kev kawm yam lus muaj xws li xws feem-muaj nuj nqis hom hais lus li hauj lwm, kev xav, kheej. Tus kheej thiab cov hauj lwm muaj feem xyuam rau cov txheej xwm, cov kev ua, cov khoom thiab lawv tej cwj pwm los, thiab yog vim licas no qhia cov kev xav dab thiab yog txuam nrog rau cov tswv yim thiab kev txiav txim. Cov ntawv nyeem ntawm txhua hom yog tsis tshua muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov purest daim ntawv. Feem ntau, thaum hais lus los yog sau ntawv hom ntawv nyeem nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug tov daim ntawv, piv txwv li, qhov kev piav qhia nrog lub ntsiab ntawm lub cav los yog narrative nrog ib tug piav qhia ntawm lub ntsiab.

piav qhia

Hauj lwm - qhov no yog ib yam ntawm cov ntawv nyeem, nws lub hom phiaj - los sawv cev rau ib yam khoom, tshwm sim, tib neeg comprehensively, nrog rau tag nrho nws txawv nta. Ntawm no thim mloog kom nws zoo thiab loj, muab ib cov xim yam ntxwv. Hauj lwm ntau zoo li qub nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm uas tshaj li lwm hom ntawm cov ntawv nyeem. Yog hais tias lub active haumxeeb-semantic hom ntawm kev hais lus sawv cev raws li ib tug noj mis nyuj tov, peb tau: hauj lwm = 2 + 1 kos npe rau kos npe rau + peb kos npe rau, thiab lwm yam

Ib tug piv txwv ntawm cov ntawv nyeem piav yog portrait yam ntxwv ua hauj lwm cim. Nyob rau hauv cov sau phau ntawv tsis tau tsuas yog piav qhia txog cov tsos, tab sis kuj qhia tau tias ib co ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg, los ntawm kev uas yuav pom los ntawm cov tsos ntawm ib tug puas siab puas ntsws hom ntawm ib cov duab.

Hauj lwm feem ntau yog muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm "piav txog" qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus: adjectives, participles, adverbs, gerunds. Feem ntau muaj cov uas piav txog thiab qhia cov lus txhais tau tias: metaphors thiab epithets. Lwm yam kev haumxeeb thiab semantic hom ntawm kev hais lus yuav tsis khav xws li ib tug ntau yam. Imagery yog ib tug txawv kos npe rau ntawm cia li piav txog.

narrative

Needless lexical ntsiab lus ntawm cov lo lus "narrative" qhia hais tias hom ntawm cov ntawv nyeem yog npaj los piav txog tej kev tshwm sim los yog cov txheej xwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob. Qhov no yog ib zaj dab neeg uas muaj ib tug zoo ib yam nthuav qhia ntawm ib yam dab tsi uas muaj ib tug pib, npaj nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm thiab xaus. Lo lus "serial" ntawm no yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Thiab yog hais tias nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev haumxeeb-semantic hom ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov schemes, zaj dab neeg yuav zoo li no: Zaj dabneeg = 1 kev tshwm sim + 2 + 3 tshwm sim kev tshwm sim, thiab lwm yam Feem ntau cov ntawv nyeem ntawm lub narrative nws muaj nws kev kawm muaj pes tsawg leeg: kev taw qhia los yog yam, qhov tseem ceeb, qhov twg nyob rau hauv tej lub sij hawm ncej tej yam uas yog yuav mus thiab qhov xaus (los yog epilogue). Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tej zaj dab neeg yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm lub narrative. Lawm, lub feem ntau ntau hom ntawm kev hais lus uas siv cov qhia txog kev ua daim ntawv uas muaj zoo meej tsos. Los ntawm lawv, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev ib succession ntawm cov txheej xwm uas hloov lawv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm.

kev xav

Cov kev xav - yog ib hom ntawm cov ntawv nyeem uas qhia ib theem zuj zus thiab kev txiav txim ntawm kev xav nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm reflecting on ib co phenomenon los yog cov kev tshwm sim. Raws li zoo li lwm yam kev haumxeeb thiab semantic hom ntawm kev hais lus, nws muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm txawv nta. Text-meem raws nkaus Ii tswvyim kev xav = thesis + + tso zis lus. Nws yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug nplua mais ntawm abstract thiab scientific cov lo lus, xws li ntawm paub daws teeb nouns, txawv teb chaws lus. Tsis tas li ntawd, nquag lo lus tswv yim xws li "thawj", "ob", "yog li", "yog li ntawd", kis lub tsheb ciav hlau uas yog kev xav.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov ntawv nyeem sib cav yog cov nram qab no: formulated raws li ib tug tswv yim sib cav, lub ntsiab lub tswv yim, qhov tseem ceeb, uas muaj kev txiav txim thiab cov lus xaus tsob los ntawm cov nqe lus los pab txhawb los yog refute lub tswv yim sib cav, ces ib tug xaus.