Pinakothek, Munich: kev piav qhia thiab kev txheeb xyuas

Pinakothek (Munich) - ib qho ntawm feem nto moo ntiaj teb no-chav kawm kos duab, tho kev ua uas muaj ntau tshaj li 700 scenic masterpieces 14-21 centuries uas tau sau nto moo tshaj plaws masters: Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Dürer A., I. Bosch, Altdorfer, V. Titian , S. Botticelli, F. Goya thiab al.

Keeb kwm ntawm tus sau

Alte Pinakothek nyob rau hauv Munich (Alte Pinakothek) - yog ib tug nrov thiab zoo-paub tsev cia puav pheej, uas yog 9 txhiab paintings los ntawm ntxias ntawm cov teb chaws Europe 14-18 centuries .. Ib tug txawv feature ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej yog muab los ntawm nws lub npe. Pinakothek (Greek "art gallery".) - ib qho chaw qhov twg xwb raug daim duab.

Sau los ntawm paintings pib sau nyob rau hauv 1528, lub Bavarian Duke Wilhelm IV von Wittelsbach, uas xav mus kho lawv lub caij ntuj sov pavilion Munich Chaw paintings nyob rau hauv keeb kwm thaj av. Cov thawj heev tau sau, "Lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Alexander", nplooj siab mus rau lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Aleksandra Makedonskogo lub Persian pab tub rog ntawm King Darius. Ces, tus sau tau pib puv thiab lub lwm tus neeg hauv tsev neeg Vittelbahov.

Los ntawm kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th sau nyob rau hauv nws cov tseem ceeb yog ua ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj nyob rau hauv teb chaws Europe. Nyob rau hauv kev, thereto tau ntxiv ua hauj lwm Flemish ntxias uas Bavaria sau neeg xaiv tsa Maks Emmanuil (1679-1726).

Los ntawm thaum ntxov 18th caug xyoo, lub tsev cia puav pheej tau muaj tej hauj lwm ntawm koj painters ntawm ltalis, Spain, teb chaws Yelemees thiab cov Netherlands. Ces muaj ib tug ntxiv nce nyob rau hauv tus sau:

• nyob rau hauv 1777 nws tau koom los ntawm paintings ntawm lub Mannheim gallery;
• 1803 - 1500 ua hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab uas yav tas los nyob rau hauv lub koom txoos thiab monasteries;
• 1806 g.- ntxiv rau tus sau nyob rau hauv Düsseldorf thiab ua hauj lwm los ntawm Karlsberg tsev fuabtais.

ib tug chav nyob rau hauv lub palace Schleißheim ua tau rau lub tsev lub paintings.

Siv cov kev faib ntawm tsev Pinakothek

Xyoo ntawm tus reign ntawm Ludwig kuv ntawm Bavaria (1825-1848) - ib tug zoo kawg li lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Munich gallery. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm no nws lub npe hu ua hauj lwm ntawm German thiab Dutch ntxias tau mas yuav kis tau 15. Italian paintings ntawm lub Renaissance.

Yuav kom haum raws li xws li ib tug nplua nuj sau ntawm lub zog thov nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb tsev thiab cov txiag ntawm tej hauj lwm nyob rau hauv sib lawv liag.

Ludwig Kuv txiav txim siab hais tias nws tus kheej sau los ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab tsim nyog los ua pej xeem paub tias Munich mas suav hais tias lub ntiaj teb no paub tias qhov chaw ntawm lub painting thiab lwm yam kev kawm.

gallery pem teb txoj kev npaj yog tsim los ntawm kws kes duab vajtse Leo von Klenze nyob rau hauv lub Renaissance style. Lub solemn pw ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis 1826 nyob rau hauv lub hnub yug ntawm tus hlub Ludwig artist Raphael. King ntawm Bavaria kom mus rau npe rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej los ntawm cov Greek lo lus "Pinakothek".

Alte Pinakothek (Munich) twb ua tau raws li thaum ntxov raws li 1836, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm Ludwig muab ib tug decree ntawm free nkag mus rau tag nrho cov pobtsuas ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv hnub Sunday. Txawm li cas los, thaum ntxov xyoo ntawm cov pej xeem yog tsis yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas ib tug tsev cia puav pheej yog xyuas los ntawm ntau lub koom haum, picnics rau cov nyom nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub gallery.

Nyob rau hauv cov laus Pinacotheca txheej txheem heev dua lwm yam hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab, pib los ntawm lub Nrab Hnub nyoog thiab xaus Enlightenment. Lub tsev nws yog heev tu siab heev thiab grey, hauv lub chav no kuj decorated nrog luag tsis muaj dab tsi. Lub tiav tsis tuaj kawm ntawv ntawm kho kom zoo nkauj ua tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov qhua tsis distracted los ntawm lub ntsiab lub hom phiaj ntawm lub mus xyuas ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej - lub contemplation ntawm cov kos duab masterpieces ntawm painting.

Thaum lub sij hawm 19-20 centuries Pinakothek sau txuas ntxiv mus rau loj hlob los ntawm lub tshaaj ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab ntawm lub sij hawm, uas ua tau nyob rau hauv 1853 los ntawm lub tsev ib tug tshiab Pinakothek.

Cov kev rog thiab lub restoration ntawm lub tsev khaws

Thaum lub sij hawm lub 2nd ntiaj teb ua tsov ua rog Pinakothek (Munich) twb heev puas thaum lub sij hawm raids ntawm Anglo-American Aviation. Paintings lawv tus kheej dim, t. Yuav kom. Cov ua ntej twb stacked nyob rau hauv underground Cross. Lub tsev ntawm lub Alte Pinakothek rov qab los tsuas los ntawm 1963.

Tab sis hauv lub tsev ntawm tus tshiab Pinakothek (saib. Photo) twb yuav luag tag pov tseg, thiab los nws twb tsis tau. Tshiab Pinakothek kiag li rebuilt los ntawm kws kes duab vajtse A. Brankasa, thiab qhib nws xwb nyob rau hauv xyoo 1981.

Lub tsev no txawv txawv, muaj ntau yam bay qhov rais thiab ib tug semicircular qhov rais arches, uas thaum lub sij hawm tshwm sim los rau pej xeem controversy thiab differing tswvyim. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv lub chav no gorgeous, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov zoo cov lus teb tau txais muab cov kws kes duab vajtse ntawm lub nyiaj siv ua haujlwm teeb.

Tam sim no ntawm no nws tshaaj 550 paintings thiab sculptures ntawm 19-20 centuries.

Tus sau los ntawm cov Alte Pinakothek

Lub exposition yog nyob rau hauv ob-storey tsev, nyob rau hauv cov av pem teb nyob rau hauv rau sab laug tis uas muaj ib ntus, nquag hloov miv. Ntawm cov painters, uas yog lub Alte Pinakothek (Munich) - paintings los ntawm Flemish thiab German nyuab ntawm 15-17 centuries.: P. Bruegel, Lucas Cranach thiab lwm tus neeg (txoj cai tis) ..

On thib ob pem teb - Northern Renaissance sau: paintings Dutchman L. van Leyden, Rembrandt; Durer thiab S. Lochner; Italian ntxias Botticelli, Raphael, Leonardo da Vinci; Flemish Van Dyck, Rubens.

Nyob rau hauv txoj cai tis, koj yuav saib tau ib tug sau ntawm paintings ntawm lub Baroque thiab Rococo, xws li El Greco thiab Murillo, raws li zoo li lwm yam Italian, Fabkis thiab German ntxias.

Masterpieces ntawm lub Alte Pinakothek

Muaj ntau ntawm tej hauj lwm uas nto moo ntxias yog lub Alte Pinakothek (Munich): masterpieces ntawm 15-18 centuries, txhua tus uas muaj nws tus kheej yav dhau los.

Piv txwv li, lub painting "Madonna ntawm lub Carnation" twb ntawd yuav los ntawm ib tug vendor, thiab tsuas yog tom qab pom tawm hais tias nws tau pleev xim rau los ntawm cov tub ntxhais Leonardo da Vinci. Tam sim no qhov no yog qhov tsuas painting tswv, nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees. Carnation paj, uas yuav tus ntxhais nkauj xwb Mary - ib lub cim ntawm kev tsis txawj tuag.

Los ntawm Fransua Bushe "Portrait ntawm Madame de Pompadour" (1758) thiab "So ntxhais" (1752) portrayed tus poj niam: hluas nkauj ntawm Louis lub 15th, uas yog ib tug naas ej zoo nkauj nrog cov neeg ncaj saj, thiab Louise O'Murphy, poj niam ntawm lub tsev hais plaub, uas nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej nws kuj los ua ib tug nyiam ntawm tus huab tais.

Ua hauj lwm van Dyck "Self-portrait" (1619) thiab "Susanna thiab cov txwj laus" (1622), tus tswv ntawm lub tsev hais plaub portrait thiab kev cai dab qhuas paintings.

Artwork Paul Rubens "Lub Xeem Txiav Txim" (1617) qhia zaj dab neeg txog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwm sim: Thaum twg cov neeg uas muaj cov dab neeg uas nws lub neej cog lus tej kev txhaum thiab kuj zoo kawg tau sawv ua ntej Vajtswv, los mus txiav txim lawv txoj hmoo - txoj kev mus rau saum ntuj ceeb tsheej los yog hauv ntuj raug txim. Qhov no yog ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws paintings nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb no lub loj ntawm 610 x 460 cm, uas yog tshwj xeeb uas tsim los rau cov tsev khaws puav pheej nrog.

Nyob rau hauv lub painting "tuag Seneca" (1613), tus naas ej Dutch neeg pleev kob P. Rubens qhia txog keeb kwm qhov tseeb, ua li cas rau tus naas ej philosopher Seneca, uas huab tais Nero raws li ib tug rau txim rau txoj kom mus ua yus tua yus. Philosopher Seneca txaus mloog cov tshuaj no, thiab ua ke nrog nws tus poj niam yog npaj txhij los mus txais nws txoj kev tuag.

Neue Pinakothek keeb kwm

Neue Pinakothek nyob rau hauv Munich twb nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1846 raws li ib tug continuation ntawm lub qub thiab cov thawj muaj tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab ntawm lub 18th caug xyoo. King Otto ntawm tim Nkij teb chaws mus txuas ntxiv ua hauj lwm ntawm nws txiv thiab nws tsim nyob rau ib qho yam ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm lub Munich tsev kawm ntawv ntawm painting ntxias. Zoo-paub toj roob hauv pes neeg pleev kob K. Rothman sau rau cov gallery 23 loj canvases depicting lub siab thiab tim Nkij teb chaws.

Nyob rau hauv 1909, nyob rau hauv sau tau ntxiv ua hauj lwm Fabkis Impressionists (Cezanne, Manet, Gauguin li al.).

Tus tshiab Pinakothek muaj tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab ntawm 19-20 centuries, lub era ntawm Romanticism, classicism thiab realism. Tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv cia yog 3,000 paintings thiab sculptures 300, 22 uas yog nyob rau hauv lub halls tshaaj 550 paintings thiab 50 tej hauj lwm ntawm sculptors.

Duab ntawm tus tshiab Pinakothek

Lub nto moo tshaj plaws masterpieces, uas nruab nrab yog ib tug tshiab Pinakothek (Munich) - duab:

• "Vase nrog cov paj noob hlis" los ntawm V. Van Gogh (1888) - yog cov duab ntawm lub cim ntawm optimism thiab muaj tswv yim xav tus neeg, ib tug khoom plig cov neeg tuaj saib ib tug me me daim ntawm lub hnub.
• "Tsis Poet» Karl Spitzweg (1839) - qhia txog cov kev ntxhov siab thiab tus coj txawv txawv huab cua nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm ib tug kho siab paj huam, nqa tam sim ntawd nrog lawv creativity li hais tias nws pom nws ib puag ncig.

• "Tom qab ib tug dag hmo" Yu K. K. Dalya (1819) - daim duab yog impregnated nrog lub txim ntawm kev tsoo, uas tseem tom qab lub cua daj cua dub, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, hu nkauj qhuas ntawm ib tug lub rooj txhawb siab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug nqaj ntawm lub teeb.
• "Don Quixote" Onore Dome (1868) ua ib lub cim rau cov kev nyob ib leeg ntawm tus hero, uas cov artist qhia tshwj xeeb uas sau tsis muaj ib tug lub ntsej muag.

Pinakothek der MODERNE

Qhov thib peb, lub feem ntau niaj hnub ib feem ntawm lub gallery (qhib txij li thaum 2002) - Pinakothek der MODERNE (Munich), uas yog nplooj siab rau hnub no txoj kev kos duab. Nws muaj xws li 4 ywj siab tsev cia puav pheej:

• Sau los ntawm Kawm Art, ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Bavarian sau los ntawm paintings.
• State Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Applied Arts.
• Architectural Tsev khaws puav pheej - qhia mas txog German architecture 19-21 centuries, lub exhibition hloov nquag (500 txhiab drawings thiab cov kev npaj tsim los ntawm architects ntawm txawv sij hawm, raws li tau zoo raws li 100 txhiab duab ntawm architectural kev txiav txim siab ..) ..
• State graphical Munich los ua ke (350 txhiab. Engravings thiab 45 txhiab. Drawings).

Pinakothek der MODERNE tsev tsa los ntawm kws kes duab vajtse S. Braunfels rau private donations. Nws yog dav thiab lub teeb, nyob rau hauv lub center ntawm nws - dvusfernaya rotunda nyob rau hauv ob cov lus qhia uas diverge los ntawm lub sab stairs, coj cov qhua mus rau lub tso rau neeg pom.

Nyob rau hauv lub underground ib feem ntawm tus tsim sau los yog nyob rau hauv lub 1 pem teb yog sawv cev los ntawm architectural thiab nraaj sau thiab ib ntus miv.

Lub sab hnub poob tis muaj ib tug sau ntawm classical modernism, sab hnub tuaj - qhia txog cov lus qhia ntawm kev kawm kos duab: expressionism, cubism, fauvism, Bauhaus, surrealism, pop art, minimalism, thiab lwm tus neeg.

Tag nrho cov collections tau tuaj txoos ua ke nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th raws li ib tug pub dawb lolus kis raws li ib tug khoom plig mus rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej. Qhov kawg khoom plig - ib tug sau los ntawm German thiab North American art 1960-90h xyoo. - raug muab tshaj nyob rau hauv 2006, E. thiab M. Stoffel.

Tus sau muaj xws li tej hauj lwm los ntawm naas ej ntxias :. Henri Matisse, F. Leger, Dali, Picasso, etc. Muaj kuj yog ib tug lounge nrog yees duab tej hauj lwm ntawm kev kawm txog.

Pinakothek nyob rau hauv Munich: qhib teev, nqi

Tag nrho peb Pinakothek nyob ze rau txhua lwm yam, siv tau nyob rau Sunday tus nqi ntawm 1 €, tab sis nyob rau hnub no lub tsev ceev teej tug yog tuab heev nrog tourists.

Chaw nyob: Txoj kev Barer Straße 27, 29, 40, Munich (Pinakothek). Qhib teev:

• Laus - 10.00 rau 18.00, Tuesday rau 20.00, kaw Monday.
• Tshiab - 10:00 rau 18:00, Wednesday mus 20.00, tawm Tuesday.
• Pinakothek der MODERNE - los ntawm 10.00 rau 18.00 rau hnub Thursday rau 20.00, xya hnub ib lub lim tiam.

Nyob rau tib yam hnub, tus nqi yog txawv rau cov Pinakothek:

• Laus - € 4 nqi pib.
• Tshiab - 7 €.
• Pinakothek der MODERNE - 10 €.

Pinakothek nyob rau hauv Munich: xyuas

Xyuas ntawm tourists mus xyuas lub Pinakothek nyob rau hauv Munich, - tag nrho, tsis muaj kev zam, enthusiastically zoo. Rau cov neeg uas muaj ib tug kws paj nyob rau hauv painting thiab ntau yam tiam sis nyob rau hauv kev kawm kos duab, kos duab rau lub qhov yog ib tug fount ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov tshiab impressions ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ntawm cov kos duab masterpieces ntawm painting.

Muaj ntau cov neeg tuaj saib expressed kev khuv xim hais tias cov Alte Pinakothek (Munich) kom txog thaum 2018 yog qhib rau qhua tsuas yog cov, ib co ntawm cov raug tsis ua hauj lwm vim hais tias ntawm lub restoration ua hauj lwm.

Rau tourists mus xyuas tus naas ej Munich art gallery muab ib lub sij hawm mus ntsib nrog rau ntau yam ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kos duab (painting, duab puab, architecture thiab tsim) ntawm ob peb eras, xws li los ntawm cov Nrab Hnub nyoog rau niaj hnub.