NYM (cable): hauj lwm thiab kev txheeb xyuas

Hauv kev tsim kho lossis kho, tsis muaj yam khoom ua tau yog tias tsis muaj kev hloov lossis hloov ntawm cov hluav taws xob. Thiab qhov tseeb decisive tus nqi nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog cable hom. Khoom siv hluav taws xob rau sab hauv yuav tsum tsis txhob tsuas yog ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj tshaj tam sim no, rwb thaiv tsev, tso cai cua sov, tab sis kuj muaj kev tiv thaiv hluav taws.

NYM Cable Tsim

Qhov nrov tshaj plaws khoom khoom hauv xyoo tas los yog NYM-cable. Kev piav qhia thiab cov cwj pwm yog muab rau hauv qab no. Nws muaj ib leeg ntiab tawm lossis muaj ntau tus xaim hlau tooj hlau cores nyob rau hauv lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm PVC muaj cov yas cov yas. Xim npav ntawm cov neeg taug txoj kab ntawm lub xov tooj:

• 2-hlau - dub, xiav;
• 3-core - ntsuab-xim daj, dub, xiav;
• 4-core - ntsuab-xim daj, dub, xiav, xim av;
• 5-core - ntsuab-xim daj, dub, xiav, xim av, dub.

Lub plhaub txheej sab nraud yog tsim los ntawm PVC uas muaj cov yas yas. Cov xim ntawm lub plhaub yog lub teeb txho. Lub plhaub (common shell) tau ntim nrog cov roj thawm npoo, muaj cov roj hmab.

Npav

Lub npe ntawm hom khoom xov cable muaj cov ntawv NYM, txhais tias:

• N - tus qauv kabmob (nyob rau hauv German classification);
• Y - PVC thaiv tsev (PVC hauv European txhais lus);
• M - lub xub ntiag ntawm lub plhaub txheej.

Ntxiv rau, cov cim J - muaj cov kab xiav ntsuab daj, lossis O - cov khoom uas tsis muaj txoj hlab daj ntsuab ntsuab yog muab tso rau hauv lub thawv. Tom qab ntawd, tus naj npawb thiab qhov sib tshooj ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib, ua hauj lwm muaj zog, tau qhia.
Piv txwv, lub cim NYM-J 3x2.5-0.66 qhia txog tus qauv xov tooj nrog ib txheej txheej hauv PVC thaiv nrog peb qhov cores ntawm 2.5 mm² rau ib qho hluav taws xob ntawm 0.66 kV.
Nyob rau hauv cov cim ntawm cov tuam txhab lag luam uas ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm GOST R 53769-2010, kab ntawv no yuav cim nrog NYM 3x2.5 ok (N, PE). Ntawm no, "o" - ib leeg ib txoj leeg (raws li kev xaiv "m" -multidable wire), "k" - ib ncig round, N thiab PE - xoom thiab tiv thaiv leeg.
Nws yog feem ntau tsis yog lub cable, tab sis NYM xaim. Cable - dab tsi yog nws? Lub ntsiab txhais hauv cov kev cai hauv lub teb chaws nyeem hais tias: "Ib cov khoom siv kab uas muaj ib los yog ntau kab insulated encased". Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov tseeb hu rau NYM tsis yog ib qho cable, tab sis ib lub xov tooj.

Yeej tsis yooj yim

Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov tswv tsev:

• Qhov ntsuas voltage yog 0.66 kV.
• Kev khiav hauj lwm kub - los ntawm -50 mus +50 ⁰ C.
• Yam tsawg kawg nkaus Sawb kub - -5 ⁰ C.
• Yam tsawg kawg ntawm txoj kab hluav taws xob tsis yog tsawg tshaj 4 pob zeb diameter.
• Lub neej ua haujlwm 30 xyoo.
• Cov naj npawb ntawm cores - los ntawm 1 mus rau 5.
• Qhov ntau ntawm cov neeg xyuas pib cross-sections yog los ntawm 1.5 mus rau 35 m2.
• Ntim - coils ntawm 25, 50 m los yog ib lub nruas ntawm 500 m.

Thiab ntawm chav kawm, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub cable yog nws qhov tso cai tam sim no. Nws yog txiav txim siab nyob ntawm qhov kev sib tshuam ntawm cov xov hlau, hom kev lag luam, sab nraum kub. Rau kev txheeb xyuas kwv yees li nws tsim nyog yuav tau siv cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov PUE:

Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias cov hlua tuaj yeem tsim tau raws li European cov qauv (German), GOST, los yog TU (kev qhia meej). Lub tom kawg yog tsim los ntawm lub khw tsim nws tus kheej. Vim li no, cov cable tsis, xws li cov thickness ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev, khaub thuas sab saum toj, yuav txawv rau cov tuam txhab NYM txawv. Kev txheeb xyuas kabmob, nyob ntawm lub khw, ua ob yam zoo thiab tsis heev.

Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo

Zoo li txhua yam khoom, NYM cable kuj muaj nws daim tawv nyias. Ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm nws cov nta yog muab rau hauv qab no:

• Cov txheej txheem zoo insulating. PVC-yas tshav kub-resistant, tsis txhawb combustion, yog yoog txaus.
• Yooj yim ntawm installation. Vim muaj cov khoom muag muag, lub hau npog thaiv tawm tau yooj yim tshem tawm yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau txoj hlua hluav taws tam sim no.
• Zoo conductive nyob ntawm tej ntawm mos tooj liab hlau. Yooj yim rau kev sib tw, sib sau kom zoo.
• Lub teeb xim-xim xim ntawm lub plhaub txheej yog qhov yooj yim rau cov cim nrog lub npiv xaum npiv los yog cov cim thaum nruab nrab.
• Kev pab lub neej ntev, tswj cai 30 xyoo.
• Lub cable tsis pom zoo rau sab nrauv installation, nws tsis yog tiv thaiv kom ncaj qha tshav ntuj.
• Tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm seem-xwm ntawm cov neeg coj qhia uas tau kos npe hauv lub cim. Koj pheej hnov "yuav ib lub lag luam NYM, dab tsi yog qhov dev paus no?" Thiab txhua yam yog yooj yim heev: tam sim no qhov khoom ntawm cov khoom no hauv lub lag luam no mas yog nyob hauv cov kab kev txuas kab mob hauv teb chaws thiab nyob ze rau sab nrauv. Thiab tsis tag nrho lawv ua raws nraim nrog German cov qauv kawm lossis txawm tias peb cov GOSTs.

Daim ntawv thov

NYM - cable, qhov kev piav qhia ntawm qhov qhia tau hais tias nws yog npaj rau ib qho kev ruaj ntseg tsuas yog sab hauv tsev. Ib qho gasket nyob rau hauv lub beam yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsis raug siv rau hom kab xov tooj no rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, hauv cov hlua txuas ntxiv. Txoj kev tso cov txheej txheem yog tswj los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov ntaub ntawv txhim kho ntawm cov hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws kev nyab xeeb. Qhov cable cia tso rau hauv kab noj hniav thiab raws cov phab ntsa ntawm phab ntsa, nyob hauv cov phab ntsa hauv cov txheej hauv plaster, hauv cov kav dej thiab cov thawv. Muaj ib lub tswv yim tias NYM cables tau muab tso rau saum cov ntsa ntoo, tab sis qhov no tsis yog li ntawd. Hluav taws xob cov Installation kev cai kom meej meej qhia tau pw qhib tsuas yog nyob rau hauv kav dej los yog ducts, thiab muab zais rau hauv cov ntoo phab ntsa - nyob rau hauv cov hlau kav ntawm tej hlau, nrog rau NYM. Lub cable, daim duab uas yog muab tso rau hauv qab no, yog kev txhawb kom raug.

Kev xaiv kabmob

Nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, tsuas yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los yog "nameless" cov nroj tsuag. Thaum xaiv seb puas pom zoo rau lub cim, txhua yam khoom siv foob fab loj yeej siv nws cov cim los yog lub npe. Qhov no yog tsawg kawg yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus, tab sis tseem yog qhov lees paub ntawm qhov zoo.

• Qee lub tsev muag khoom pom zoo siv NYM siv SHVVP, PVS. Tsis txhob tso siab rau qhov kev ua yuam kev no: SHVVP thiab PVS yog cords, thiab NYM yog qhov cable. Cov lus piav qhia tswj cov chaw sib txawv ntawm lawv daim ntawv thov. Cords - kev txuas ntawm tsev cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov hlua txuas hluav taws xob, kab hlau txuas - rau kev ruaj khov.
• Siv lub cables mus rau lub thib peb ntsuab thiab daj nyob rau tus tiv thaiv lub ntiaj teb.
• Thaum xaiv cov cable ntoo khaub lig-section yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm ib tug yooj yim kev pom zoo: teeb pom kev zoo - 1.5 mm², rau cov poj niam network - 2,5 mm², fais cookers nrog cub - 4-6kv.mm.
• Yog hais tias koj tsis ntseeg qhov zoo ntawm lub cable-tau ib qho me me, 1 meter yog txaus. Kos lub hau rau cov nplaim taws - rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum tsis txhob txhawb kev sib ntaus.
• Nws tseem raug tawm tswv yim los xyuas qhov cross-section ntawm cores. Yog tias tsis muaj micrometer, koj tuaj yeem nruj nreem cua 10 lem ntawm cov leeg ntais ntawm ib qho xaum. Thiab tom qab ntawd ntsuas qhov ntev ntawm qhov sib tw ntawm ib tus neeg kav teb kav chaw. Muab faib los ntawm 10, peb tau txais qhov tseeb lub cheeb ntawm cov hlau.