Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral: duab, hauj lwm, kws kes duab vajtse, chaw nyob, kev pe hawm lub sij hawm

Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg tabtom xam tau tias yog ib qho ntawm feem striking monuments ntawm lub Elizabethan baroque. Tsa nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm St. Nikolaya Mirlikiyskogo - lub patron neeg dawb huv ntawm cov neeg mus thiab sailing - nws rau ntau xyoo yog ib qho chaw ntawm sab ntsuj plig kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab sailors.

Petersburg hiav txwv kev sib hais haum

Nws yog zoo dua lub npe hu hais tias lub neej ntawm St. Petersburg yog inextricably txuas mus rau lub hiav txwv, thiab nws pib nyob ib ncig ntawm tsa nyob rau hauv 1704 lub Admiralty shipyard. Nyob ze nws twb muab tso nyob rau hauv cov xyoo Hiav txwv hais sib haum - ib tug kev sib hais haum uas muaj mas ib-storey pob zeb barracks nyob rau hauv uas lawv nyob los ntawm cov neeg uas nws ob txhais tes thiab tsim lub Lavxias teb sab rog. Lawv nco yog fwm nyob rau hauv lub npe - thiab lub eponymous txoj kev Kanonerskaya tib txoj kab. Canonero thaum lub sij hawm ntawm Peter hu ua Gunners.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob ntawm no, thiab tsa lub tsev teev ntuj, uas raug xa mus rau nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, nws tau kuj muab nws lub npe rau hauv cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv uas nws yog nyob, ua lag luam, txoj kev, ob choj thiab txoj kev, hnav hnub no Glinka lub npe.

Nws zoo nkaus li los ntawm cov archival cov ntaub ntawv, qhov chaw xaiv, uas tom qab sawv Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, twb txiav txim tsis tsuas yog lub xub ntiag ntawm qhov chaw dawb, tab sis kuj sib thooj ntawm waterways, xws li hooks thiab Catherine canals thiab dej Fontanka.

Cov thawj ntawm cov tam sim no lub tsev teev ntuj

Rau lub hom phiaj ntawm sab ntsuj plig kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg uas Ameslikas tau txais kev pab ob peb lub koom txoos twb ua tau nyob rau hauv lub naval department, nyob ze ntawm lub Admiralty shipyard. Ntawm qhov chaw twg tam sim no stands lub Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, muaj ib lub tsev teev, kuj tsa nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus patron neeg dawb huv ntawm seafarers thiab mus ncig tebchaws. Los ntawm cov memoirs ntawm contemporaries, nws yog lub npe hu hais tias nws differed extraordinary richness ntawm nws cov kho kom zoo nkauj, tab sis yuav tsis haum txhua leej txhua tus.

Condescending mus rau lub heev heev thov ntawm lub koom txoos, tus Vaj Synod txiav txim siab los txhim tsa nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw ib tug ntoo lub tsev teev ntuj, kuj muaj nplooj siab rau saum ntuj ceeb tsheej patron ntawm lub fleet, tab sis yuav ua rau nws loj npaum li cas, uas tau ua nyob rau hauv 1743. Nyob rau hauv nws tau kis los ntawm lub qub tsev teev ntuj ntawm icons, lub tsev teev ntuj tais diav thiab txhua yam uas sawv cev tej nqi. Cov pawg ntseeg ntawm lub Koom Txoos tshiab yog heev loj. Raws li tseem muaj sia nyob cov ntaub ntawv, cov tswv cuab twb xeev-muaj 3396 neeg ua hauj lwm thiab workmen, tsis suav cov poj niam thiab cov me nyuam.

Thaum pib ntawm qhov kev siv ntawm lub pob zeb tsev teev ntuj

Txawm li cas los, qhov kev siv ntawm cov ntoo lub tsev teev ntuj yog ib tug palliative. Nws loj lawv tus kheej nrog hwjchim ci ntsa iab Lavxias teb sab fleet yuav tsum tau rau nws patron ib tug ntau tsim nyog tuam tsev, thiab nyob rau hauv 1752 tub huabtais Mikhail Golitsyn, uas yog tus thawj tswj hwm Adiralteystv College, xa mus rau tus huab tais ib daim ntawv thov rau qhov kev siv ntawm ib tug tshiab pob zeb tsev teev ntuj.

Tag nrho cov nqi yuav npaj mus them rau cov txhais tau tias ntawm lub Naval Department, thiab los ntawm cov nyiaj pub dawb ntawm cov pej xeem. Nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw nyob mus rau lub Empress Elizabeth, tub huabtais tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais txog tias cov kev siv ntawm tus cathedral yuav ua tau ib tug tsim nyog nqi zog nco "ntawm lub glorious yeej ntawm Lavxias teb sab fleet". Empress Elizaveta Petrovna tsis yig mus muab cov kev tso cai, tom qab uas ua hauj lwm pib.

Kes duab lub vajtse uas tsim lub peb tes num ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj

Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, ib tug yees duab ntawm cov uas yog nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm, ua tau los ntawm St. Petersburg kes duab vajtse Savvoy Ivanovichem Chevakinskim. Raws li ib tug kws kes duab vajtse ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej kev tsim kho ntawm tus qauv, nws twb pom zoo kom siv lub tsev teev ntuj, yav tas los ua nyob rau hauv Astrakhan, thiab nws zoo yog heev ib tug nyiam ntawm Peter kuv thaum lub sij hawm nws mus xyuas ntawm lub Lower Volga nroog. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias tus huab tais los tsim kom muaj cov tib nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, tab sis cia li tuag, uas ua raws li nyob rau hauv 1725, tiv thaiv tau tus realization ntawm nws lub hom phiaj.

Chevakinsky yuav tsum tau pom zoo, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub kawg qhov sib thooj ntawm ob pawg ntseeg twb tag rau lawv tsib ncaws, uas rau St. Petersburg nyob rau hauv cov xyoo yog ib tug rarity. Qhov tseeb hais tias rau ib ntev lub sij hawm tag nrho cov tsev teev ntuj vaj tse nyob rau hauv nws tau ua nyob rau hauv tus qauv ntawm tus naas ej cathedral, nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub fortress, uas yog, ib leeg-domed thiab surmounted los ntawm ib lub tswb ntauwd nrog tus kub tse. Yog li, tsim Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, kes duab lub vajtse tau ua ib tug tseem ceeb kauj ruam ntawm ib tug rov qab mus rau lub Lavxias teb sab Orthodox kev lig kev cai.

Cathedral, uas yog tsis ntshai ntawm dej nyab

Nws Thawj peb tes num kws kes duab vajtse ua ntaub ntawv rau kev pom zoo ntawm lub siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm 1752, tab sis tsis ntev tau txais nws rov qab rau kev kho nqi lus, raws li nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm drawings twb tsis coj mus rau hauv tus account lub tau dej nyab, li ntawd heev nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb capital. Tom qab kho, coj ib lub xyoo, peb tes num thaum kawg pom zoo nyob rau hauv daim ntawv nyob rau hauv uas lub tsev teev ntuj twb dim mus rau lub hnub tam sim no.

Nyob rau hauv nws cov tshiab version ntawm nws lub tsev nws twb tsa li ntawd rau hauv pem teb yog saum toj no ib theem uas nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm kev puas tsuaj nce mus txog lub Neva dej. Raws li, nws twb xeeb thiab zuag qhia tag nrho proportions ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Sib nrug los ntawm nws thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm 1755 mus 1758 tswb pej thuam ua tau, raws li kev lig kev cai, St. Petersburg, topped los ntawm ib tug siab kub tse.

Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral: hauj lwm

Qhov no yog ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws cathedrals ntawm St. Petersburg nyob rau tib lub sij hawm haum tsib txhiab tus neeg. Nws lub tsev muaj ib tug cruciform zoo nyob rau hauv txoj kev npaj thiab yog richly decorated nrog Corinthian txhua, stucco architraves thiab balconies nrog wrought-hlau patterned sob.

Raws li cov cua ntsawj ntshab S. I. Chevakinskogo, lub tsev ntawm lub Cathedral tau ua nyob rau hauv ob plag tsev. thaj chaw vaults yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug equilateral ntoo khaub lig. Lub sab sauv lub tsev teev ntuj twb tsa nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus Epiphany. Lub solemn ceremony twb muaj nyob rau Lub Xya hli ntuj 26, 1762 los ntawm Archbishop Sylvester (Kulyabko) nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm Empress Catherine II, uas tau mus xyuas Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral. Nws qis lub tsev teev ntuj, raws li lub xeeb, twb tsa nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm St. Nikolaya Chudotvortsa.

Icons Cathedral thiab hniav carvings

Tshwj xeeb yog noteworthy yog cov ob pawg ntseeg iconostasis, ua nyob rau hauv lub XVIII caug xyoo, lub koj masters-carvers S. P. Nikulinym thiab I. F. Kanaevym. Tsis tas li ntawd ntawm kev txaus siab thiab icons, cov creation ntawm uas twb entrusted rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws St. Petersburg icon neeg pleev kob ntawm cov xyoo Fedotu Lukichu Kolokolnikovu thiab nws ob tug kwvtij - Ivan thiab Mina.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg, incidentally, hais tias cov sketches ntawm ob iconography tsim kes duab lub vajtse ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj - SI Chevakinsky. Nws tso ua ke ib daim ntawv teev cov tsim nyog rau lawv icons. Dhau li ntawm tus hauj lwm ntawm cov ua yeeb yam, nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj, ib tug tshwj xeeb icon ntawm Nikolaya Chudotvortsa nrog ib tug particle ntawm nws relics, ua nyob rau hauv lub XVII caug xyoo. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb thaj neeb ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj.

Memorial obelisk thiab charitable tsev cathedral

Txhua tus neeg uas los rau St. Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, unwittingly thim xim nruj obelisk vysyascheysya nyob rau hauv nws lub vaj. Nws yog tsim los nyob rau hauv 1908 nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm cov neeg coob ntawm tus battleship "Alexander III», ib tug hero uas tuag nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Tsushima, uas yog ib tug ntawm cov tragic nplooj ntawv nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab-Japanese kev tsov kev rog.

Sketch ntawm lub obelisk yog tsim los ntawm ib tug ntawm cov neeg koom nyob rau hauv cov txheej xwm - ib tug colonel, None M. S. Putyatinym. Nyob rau hauv pre-revolutionary lub sij hawm thaum lub tsev kho mob yog qhib council rau cov neeg pluag, raws li zoo raws li lub poj niam lub vaj tse, qhov kev pab no thiab cov chaw pab nrog ib tug dawb tsev kawm ntawv.

Cathedral nyob rau hauv lub Soviet thiab post-Soviet xyoo

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom qab lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig, Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, uas nws qhov chaw nyob yog: St. Nicholas Square 1/3, tsis zoo li ntau lwm yam nroog churches, tsis ze, thiab nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm 1941 mus rau 1999, txawm muaj tus txheej xwm ntawm ib tug lub tsev teev ntuj. Cov chav, cov txheej txheem ntawm nyob rau hauv lub hu nkauj ua ke, nyob rau hauv cov xyoo nyob Leningrad Metropolitan - Alexis (Simansky), tom qab nyob rau hauv lub yawg suab lub zwm txwv, thiab Gregory (Chukov).

Nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis 2009, tom qab lub Metropolitan Vladimir (Kotlyarov) re-tsa lub sab sauv lub tsev teev ntuj, nyob rau hauv nws xa rov qab ntau rho ua ntej lub thaj neeb, cov uas ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw yog nyob los ntawm cov ancient icons los ntawm painters Kolokol'nikova (ntawm lawv hais saum toj no), raws li zoo raws li lub nkoj hais ntawm ntau Orthodox ntseeg.

Raws li Nicholas Epiphany Naval Cathedral (St. Petersburg) yog Ameslikas ua tau raws li ib tug khoom plig mus rau cov heroes ntawm Lavxias teb sab Navy, ces thiab hnub no, qhov no kev lig kev cai pom nws txuas ntxiv. Ntawv pov thawj ntawm qhov no yuav mounted rau hauv lub Upper tsev teev ntuj ntawm cov plaques nrog lub npe ntawm kaum ob ntawm neeg tsav nkoj tua nyob rau hauv txoj kab ntawm cov dej num. Ntawm lawv, cov neeg coob ntawm tus submarine "Komsomolets" sank nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis 1989 nyob rau hauv lub Norwegian hiav txwv, raws li zoo raws li lub nuclear submarine "Kursk", leej twg tuag nyob rau hauv 2000. Nyob rau hauv koobtsheej uas nco txog hnub yog tau txais kev pab nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj lub ntees tuag rau nws thiab rau tag nrho cov neeg tsav nkoj ntawm Lavxias teb sab Navy, uas tau muab lawv lub neej rau lawv lub teb chaws.

Service nyob rau hauv lub Cathedral

Niaj hnub no, thaum Russia tom qab xyoo lawm ntawm tag nrho cov atheism dua rushed mus rau nws sab ntsuj plig hauv paus hniav, cov lwm shrines ntawm St. Petersburg tau pom nws rightful qhov chaw, thiab Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral. Sij hawm ntawm Divine Services muaj nyob rau hauv nws, qhia tau hais tias lub fullness thiab richness ntawm nws kev cai dab qhuas lub neej.

Ob hnub liturgy ua: thaum ntxov, thaum 7:00, thiab tom qab ntawd, thaum 10:00 teev sawv. Txhua preceded lees txim, pib 15 feeb ua ntej mus rau lub sij hawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob 8:45 thiab nyob 12:00 tuav tej lus thov, thiab thaum 18:00 - rau yav tsaus ntuj kev pab cuam. So ntawm lub sij hawm, raws li yuav tsum tau, yog lawm ua tus sau rau tag nrho cov xaiv uas yuav tsum tau.