Lub ntsiab tswv yim ntaus ntawv. Devices npaj rau inputting ntaub ntawv

Tej computers tau ua tiag tiag ntau tsis ntev los no. Niaj hnub no, ib tug PC los yog laptop yog ntaus nqi raws li niaj hnub khoom siv, thiab cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm khiav ntawm cov neeg siv txog cov qauv rau kev lawv ua hauj lwm yog negligible.

Cias muab, ntau ntawm niaj hnub no "cov neeg siv" thoob nyuaj cov lus nug, uas muaj ib zaug uas tsis ua kom muaj excitement. Piv txwv li, dab tsi yog lub hauv paus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tswv yim? Qhov no lub sij hawm zoo li scary, txhais tej zaum yuav muaj ntau tshaj ib tug, thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsum tau ib tug xav paub ntau dua tsom xam thiab comments. Txawm li cas los, qhov no tsab xov xwm yog tsim.

tswv yim

Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias ib lub computer processor muaj ib tug plurality ntawm tswv yim / tso zis ports, los ntawm kev uas lub "pob zeb" communicates nrog peripheral pab kiag li lawm. Txawm li cas los, tom: ib co ports yeej tsim rau cov kev pauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nrog lub periphery, tab sis muaj ntau yuav tsum rau cov neeg uas muaj ib tug ntau yam ntawm Internal "daim hlau" (video card, RAM, etc ...). Cov yav tas ua si ib tug tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm, raws li yog tsis muaj lawv lub cev tau hauj lwm ntawm lub tshuab yog tsis yooj yim sua. Txawm li cas los, tag nrho cov no qhia lub tsev kawm ntawv Informatics. Tswv yim ntaus ntawv ntaub ntawv kuj qhib ua hauj lwm los ntawm lub ports.

Yuav ua li cas yog lawv?

Koj yuav tsum paub hais tias cov ports raug muab faib los ntawm hom. Lawv yog cov thaum uas tig mus (feem ntau hu ua LPT1-LPT4), thiab successive induction (muaj cov los COM1-COM3). Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias thawj qeb twb sunk rau hauv oblivion: cov ports tau sai, tab sis muaj ib Rev ntawm cov teeb meem nrog lub lag luam. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, COM ntau yam tshwm sim tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub cev daim ntawv (connector), uas yog yuav luag tsis muaj leej twg siv, tab sis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug "virtual" chaw nres nkoj. Los ntawm lawv, nyob rau hauv particular, kev cob cog rua USB-modems, printers, thiab lwm yam xws peripherals.

Tab sis lub ntsiab USB chaw nres nkoj yog hnub no. Lawv yog cov heev ceev ceev (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub caij nyoog kawg no specification), muab teeb meem-dawb sis raug zoo nrog ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm pab kiag li lawm.

Yog vim li cas peb tag nrho cov no qhia rau koj?

Raws li tag nrho cov saum toj no yuav pab koj to taub dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb kev tawm tswv yim ntaus ntawv ntxiv? Qhov no yog hais tias koj muaj ib co xav txog tej yam nyob rau hauv dab tsi txoj kev uas nws yog tus ntaus communicates nrog lub computer. Tam sim no, thaum tag nrho cov "formalities" yog tswm, nws yog lub sij hawm yuav npaj mus rau lub ntsiab npe ntawm no tsab xov xwm.

Devices rau nkag mus rau yog cov neeg uas tsim los rau cov "hloov" ntawm tib neeg cov lus los yog gestures rau hauv lub tshuab code uas lub computer yog tseeb. Yog li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv tswv yim pab kiag li lawm yog:

• Keyboard tswv yim ntaus ntawv thiab cov zoo li.
• PP khoom.
• Cov koob yees duab thiab video koob yees duab (cov, ntawm chav kawm).
• Microphones.
• Nas, trackballs.
• Ntaus rau qhov kov cov tswv yim.

Twj remote controls

Koj paub lub feem ntau yooj yim tswv yim ntaus ntawv ntxiv? Keyboard - ib tug ntaus ntawv rau cov tswv yim ntawv nyeem thiab cov xov tooj, uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub lag luam. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav siv tau kom xa tej yam cim Pib ntsais koj teeb (Hotkeys). Muaj kuj pab kiag li lawm uas muaj ntxiv lub lag luam. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, lub yav tas yog siv rau ib co kev multimedia nta, thiab lawv ua tau (feem ntau) self-Xaiv.

Txawm tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws dag zog ntawm adherents kov cov ntxaij vab tshaus, nws yog ib lub keyboard - qhov yooj yim tswv yim ntaus ntawv. Nws yog qhov yooj yim, yuav tsum tau tsis muaj tshwj xeeb kev txawj ntse kawm, tso cai rau lub computer rau kev sib txuas lus ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv tej uas twb muaj lawm tib neeg lus. Nws yog tau hais tias nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm technology yuav tsum yees ua ib yam dab tsi ntau yooj yim thiab universal, tab sis nws yog nyob deb ntawm nws. Niaj hnub no, nws yog yuav tsum tau keyboard tswv yim ntaus ntawv nyob rau hauv tej computer technology.

Yog hais tias koj sau lub tswv yim kiag li lawm, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nco qab txog lub keyboard, tsis qib yuav tau muab.

Manipulators (nas, touchpads, trackballs)

Cov pab kiag li lawm yog feem ntau kev cob cog rua rau lub serial chaw nres nkoj ntawm lub computer. Yog siv los tswj ib tug computer cursor uas tsiv rau saib los yog zaub ntaus ntawv nyob rau hauv synchronism nrog lub zog ntawm ib tug nas los yog ib tug ntiv tes rau ntawm lub touchpad. Yuav luag tag nrho xws li pab kiag li lawm nyees khawm uas yog siv los xauv ib tug tej yam cursor txoj hauj lwm. Cov pab kiag li lawm poob mus rau hauv ob pawg - cov txheeb ze thiab tsis yog.

Kom txog rau thaum nyuam qhuav, yuav luag tag nrho cov controllers tuaj nrog lawv tus kheej tso cov tsav tsheb, tab sis hnub no, qhov no tsuas siv rau cov gaming nas uas muaj ib tug lossis loj npaum li ntawm ntxiv lag luam, uas muaj peev xwm feem ntau yuav "khi li" self-sau macros neeg siv.

nas

Notwithstanding rau cov foregoing (with regards to twj remote controls), ntau cov neeg siv yog inclined xav tias tus thawj tswv yim ntaus ntawv - nws yog ib tug nas tias nyob rau hauv lub qub Soviet lub sij hawm hu ua "khoom». Douglas Engelbart yees no zoo kawg nkaus ntaus ntawv nyob rau hauv lub 70-ies ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, yog li ntawd lub "nas" tsuas yog me ntsis yau dua cov twj remote controls.

Peb yuav confidently hais tias nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais system tsis muaj nws koj yuav tsis muaj peev xwm mus ua hauj lwm: cov neeg siv tam sim ntawd daig nyob rau hauv dozens ntawm qhov rais thiab submenus. Txij li thaum Linux yog sib txawv dog dig, vim hais tias muaj yog suab txhua yam yuav ua tau los ntawm cov console, tab sis, nrog graphics editors tsis muaj tus nas koj dab tsi paub tab paub xav yuav tsis ua li cas. Tsis li ntawd, ntev dhau los, nws tau ntawm kev ncua kev faib tawm, raws li uas "nas" muab faib mus rau hauv cov qauv nrog ob los yog peb cov nyees khawm. Niaj hnub no, qhov no txoj kev typing kom meej meej outdated: lub classic peb-khawm nas yog pom tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub tsev khaws thiab cov koom haum nrog heev tsawg nyiaj. Kev ua si ua qauv yuav muaj 20 (!) Nyees khawm thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub thib peb tseem ceeb hnub no yog yuav luag ib txwm ib lub log.

Raws li peb twb hais tias, tus functionality ntawm cov nyees khawm yuav raug hloov. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, niaj hnub no peb yuav nrhiav tau ib tug ntau ntawm cov cuab yeej uas zoo heev piv tej yam ua. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias lub ntsiab qhia ntawm qhov zoo tshaj ntawm tus nas yog nws daws teeb meem, uas yog ntsuas nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm dots ib nti (DPI).

kev faib nas

• Neeg kho tshuab pab kiag li lawm tsim rau inputting ntaub ntawv. Niaj hnub no, luag yeej tsis tshwm sim. Lub txwm xws nas yog rubberized hlaws nyob rau hauv qab ntawm tus nas. Cov neeg laus zoo nco ntsoov tias rau tej cursor tso rau feem ntau yuav tsum tau so nws nrog haus dej haus cawv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, yog hais tias tus lub tsev yog ib tug miv los yog ib tug aub, ib tug mechanism feem ntau jammed los ntawm ib sij poob cov plaub hau nyob rau hauv nws.
• Optomechanical hom. Nyob rau hauv hauv paus ntsiab lus, tus tsim muaj tag nrho cov tib pob, tab sis nws lub zog yog tracked siv cov kev tswj LEDs.
• Kho qhov muag nas. Tsiv lub cursor yog tshuaj nkaus xwb los ntawm lub kho qhov muag sensors thiab lub teeb emitting diodes. Lub teeb lawv emit, ua lub zog ntawm tib pob.
• Wireless nas. ib tug computer teeb liab yog tsis kis tau los ntawm cov hlau, thiab ntawm infrared los yog cov "Blue Hniav".

touchpad

Lub touchpad yog muab los ntawm lub Trackball. Cov yav tas yog ib tug "nas nyob rau hauv rov qab" thaum tus cursor yog tshuaj los ntawm ib tug lub pob tsuas. Lub touchpad yog ua rau ib tug me ntsis txawv hauv paus ntsiab lus, thaum tus cursor tsiv nram qab no lub zog ntawm tus ntiv tes hla qhov kov nto.

Ntawm no dua, peb yuav tsum tau ua ib tug tawm thiab rov hais cov Trackball: Tsis zoo li txhua yam nas, cov pab kiag li lawm yog tseem siv nyob rau hauv tej yam ntawm computer technology, raws li nws muab lub zoo meej tso ntawm lub cursor.

Rau hauv sib piv, nas, touchpads, nyob rau hauv feem ntau heev txheej thaum ub: equipping lawv nrog ntxiv lag luam (tsis yog "txoj cai" thiab "sab laug" khawm) thiab scroll bar - tsuas yog lub chaw tsim tshuaj paus muaj lub siab xav. Ntau ntev los no, lub touchpad yog tsis heev fond ntawm cov neeg uas nws txoj hauj lwm yog txuam nrog ib tug txheej ntawm phau ntawv, thiab qhov no zoo ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, raws li tus xov tooj ntawm cuav positives (los ntawm lub teeb kov ntawm ob txhais tes) twb prohibitively siab. Tam sim no cov qauv ntawm cov no tsis muaj peev xwm yog yuav luag tag spared.

PP khoom

Scanners yuav tsum tau txhais mus rau hauv lub digital cov hom ntawv uas cov dluab, cov duab, cov ntawv thiab cov drawings. Lawv yog cov tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv archives thiab cov tsev qiv ntawv, uas feem ntau yuav tsum nqa ib tug lossis loj npaum li cas ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nrog cov Digitisation. Cias muab, cov pab kiag li lawm yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau graphic ntaub ntawv.

PP txheej txheem yog phau ntawv (qhov no ntaus ntawv ntseeg tau tsa cov txawj nyeem ntawv scanners nyob rau hauv supermarkets), yob thiab flatbed. Tej zaum tuaj nyob lub projection qauv. Ib zaug ntxiv, nyob rau hauv lub saum toj no archival tsev yog tsis yog li ntawd tsis tshua muaj pom ib tug swb scanners tsim rau digitizing ntawm slides. Zoo li tus nas, cov txheej txheem no yog soj ntsuam los ntawm tus xov tooj ntawm pixels ib nti, tab sis nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no tus yam ntxwv ntawm DPI no tseem ceeb heev: lub scanner txawm nrog neeg pluag-zoo ntawv nyeem nyob rau ib tug kiag li ntawv dawb yuav yooj yim tig mus rau hauv nyeem "porridge".

Cov kev yees duab thiab video koob yees duab

Oddly txaus, tab sis mus rau cov tswv yim pab kiag li lawm yog tseem cov koob yees duab. Txawm li cas los, tsis muaj dab tsi txawv txawv nyob rau hauv no: cov koob yees duab thiab video koob yees duab duab thiab hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv lub video nyob rau hauv lub "daim duab" hais tias yog li qab zib ntawm computer processors. Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub PP, qhov no mus kom ze yoojyim tsis muaj chaw kom raug thiab cuam, uas tam sim ntawd pib ua high-zoo cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov duab editors.

Raws li ib tug txoj cai, kev twb kev txuas ntawm lub koob yees duab rau cov PC yuav tsum tau ib tug neeg tsav tsheb pob, uas lub chaw tsim tshuaj paus khoom siv nrog lub chav tsev. Txawm li cas los, tej teeb meem yog tsim nyog tsis yog li ntawd feem ntau: nws yog txaus los tshem tawm lub cim xeeb daim ntawv thiab nyeem cov lus qhia los ntawm nws ncaj qha.

microphones

Ib tug microphone tswv yim ntaus ntawv hu ua suab ntaub ntawv, converts suab deeg mus rau hauv hluav taws xob (los yog cov) pulses uas lub computer yuav to taub. Lub Scope ntawm siv yog incredibly sab: lawv yog siv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub theatrical ua lag ua luam thiab TV, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv science. Tshwj xeeb yog rhiab microphones yuav ntes txawm lub suab ntawm cov nyom loj hlob, yog li zaum siv lawv heev kom nquag plias.

Raws li peb tau hais tias, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev txiav txim yog rau hloov acoustic deeg. Txij li thaum nyob rau hauv no txoj kev dag nyob rau hauv tos ib pliag rau ib tug ntau ntawm teeb meem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov heev heev interferences thiab inaccuracies nyob rau hauv coding zoo microphone yuav tsum tau raws li ib tug xov tooj ntawm yuav tsum tau yuav tsum tau:

• Tus kheej theem ntawm hluav taws xob nrov microphone yuav tsum tsis txhob cuam tshuam lub kaw acoustic teeb liab. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb ntawm rhiab scientific qauv.
• Cov uas ua nkag yuav tsum muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi ntawm distortion.
• Tag nrho zaj lus qhia rau cov yuav kis tau nrog zoo tsis muaj distortion, uas zoo eliminates siv ntawm wireless kev sib txuas lus raws (tau cuam) nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb txoj khoom ntawm no hauv chav kawm ntawv.

Muaj ntau ntau ntau ntau yam ntawm microphones, tab sis hnub no koj mam li nrhiav feem ntau semiconductor thiab cov electrostatic qauv. Tej suab lus qhia tswv yim ntaus ntawv tso cai rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws tau lub suab.

Sensor pab kiag li lawm

Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, qhov no technology tau tsim "tag nrho." Smartphones nrog kov ntawm lwm yam uas muaj yuav luag txhua txhua ob voom, li ntawd, los mus piav qhia qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem no tsis yog tshwj xeeb muaj nuj nqi. Yog li ntawd peb siab rau qhov kev piav qhia ntawm lub pab kiag li lawm uas yog lug siv niaj hnub no.

digitizer

Yog li ntawd, rau cov ntaub ntawv tswv yim pab kiag li lawm xws li digitizers. Qhov no ntaus ntawv no yog npaj rau lub tswv yim ntawm cov duab ntxiv, thiab yog li ntawd tau txais tshwj xeeb paub cov kev designers thiab ntxias. Feem ntau, cov pab kiag li lawm yog tua nyob rau hauv lub daim ntawv ceeb paub zoo rau tag nrho cov ntsiav tshuaj. Uas yog vim li cas lawv yog feem ntau hu ua graphic ntsiav tshuaj.

Lawv yog lossi siv nyob rau hauv computer graphics, animation thiab kev loj hlob ntawm peb-dimensional qauv. Cia li nco ntsoov tias cia li tib nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm txoj geometric qauv digitizer - tsis zoo tshaj plaws tshuaj. Tab sis kev nyuab nyob rau hauv feem ntau nws yog indispensable. Yuav ua li cas hom ntawm cov tswv yim ntaus ntawv ntawm no hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yeej tseem yuav pom nyob rau hauv ib tug kev puag ncig?

kov cov ntxaij vab tshaus

Kov cov ntxaij vab tshaus, raws li peb twb hais saum toj no, nws yog heev hnub no. Lub thickness ntawm xws li ib tug zaub yog ib tug plurality ntawm sensors uas saib xyuas lub real-time qhov chaw ntawm cov ntiv tes. Lub xws dab tus tau txais cov ntaub ntawv thiab xa nws mus rau lub processor rau zaum kawg ua.

Qhov zoo ntawm cov touchscreens

Nws yog raws tau ua tsis tau ib tug nas thiab keyboard. Tab sis, yog hais tias nyob rau hauv relation mus tus nas yog tseeb cov ntaub ntawv, ntev-lub sij hawm siv qhov kov vaj huam sib luag muaj peev xwm sawv los mus ua kom thov rau txoj kev hlub tshua tej ntiv tes. Ntau npaum li cas ib qho tseem ceeb yog hais tias cov neeg tib phaj txawm cov neeg laus tau siv tsis muaj teeb meem, rau cov uas qhov kev siv ntawm tus nas yog akin mus rau ib tug sophisticated tsim txom.

Nyob rau hauv ib co industries thiab nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj xws ntxaij vab tshaus yog tej zaum qhov tsuas xaiv txoj kev, txij li thaum lawv yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv ib tug txhoj puab heev puag ncig (yooj yim los mus tiv thaiv los ntawm dej thiab lwm yam, muab nyob rau hauv ib lub hnab). Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, niaj hnub no tsim ib tug ntau ntawm cov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog check ntau ntau yam (rau terminals thiab ATMs), uas muaj peev xwm ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv pej xeem qhov chaw. Thiab lub npe ntawm lub tswv yim ntaus ntawv ntxiv, uas yog feem ntau siv raws li ib tug txheej nrog ib ntsiav tshuaj?

teeb mem

Lwm hom manipulators. Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, nws zoo li ib tug qub cwj mem los yog ballpoint cwj mem, ib tug hlau txuas mus rau ib tug computer. Yuav kom kho qhov chaw rau tus cwj mem, muaj ntau ntau cov nyees khawm functionality uas tso cai rau qhov yooj "kho" lub twj paj nruag rau ib tug teeb meem no xyov. Cov cwj mem ntsis muaj ib tug photocell, uas ua ib tug yam ntxwv li hais tias ntawm nws cov "lug txhawb cov miv" nyob rau hauv cov pa kho qhov muag nas. Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem no yog tsuas pom raws li ib tug keeb ntawm digitizers. Needless hais, feem ntau lug siv lub teeb cwjmem tau txais cov kev nyuab thiab designers.

Cov pab kiag li lawm ua rau nws tau los mus tsim ib tug yuav luag tseeb simulation siv ib tug pa mem hluav, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ntau cov tub txawg.

xaus

Cias muab, tej tswv yim ntaus ntawv hauv cov ntawv nyeem ntaub ntawv, graphics los yog lub suab - tsis tsuas irreplaceable pab ntawm cov neeg siv, tab sis kuj txhais tau hais tias cia peb mus ua hauj lwm ntsos nrog lub computer. Tsis muaj tib lub keyboard, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tau ua ib yam dab tsi worthwhile tsis tau siv tsis tas thaum ib tug ntau ntawm manpower.

Tam sim no, heev kom nquag plias ua hauj lwm yog raws li nram no, aimed ntawm cov creation ntawm tshiab cov nyiaj mus rau nkag mus rau. Ib txhia pab kiag li lawm yog tau kuj muaj kev vam meej, thaum lwm tus neeg yuav muab xa mus tos nyob rau hauv lub tis. Txawm nws yog, qhov no tsis txhob muaj cov txheej txheem, thiab yog li ntawd yog tau hais tias peb cov xeeb ntxwv yuav nco ntsoov ib co ntawm cov khoom siv teev nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm raws li ib tug txaus ntshai anachronism.