"Hluav Taws Kub" (tshwj xeeb). Ua hauj lwm rau ib tug tshwj xeeb "Fire kev ruaj ntseg"

Thaum loj nplaim flares, ntau wraps nws ntshai overpowering lus. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, peb yuav tsis tham txog ib tug burning chav ua noj phuam. Ntawm no, tsis muaj ntau yam kev nyuaj, tej zaum, yuav tswj txhua yam. Tab sis, yog hais tias koj coj mus rau hauv tus account lub tag nrho-tshuab, hlawv txhua yam nyob rau hauv nws txoj kev qhov hluav taws kub, uas tsis yog cov ntaub. Kom kov yeej lub caij thiab tua qhov hluav taws kub ua tau tsuas yog siab tawv tub txawg.

Nyob rau hauv kiag li nyob qhov twg - nyob rau hauv lub enterprise, tsev kawm ntawv, chaw ua hauj lwm, lub khw, thiab lwm yam - .. Ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau tseem ceeb sib nrauj ntawm lub koom haum thiab hauj lwm ntawm ib tug tua hluav taws kev ruaj ntseg. Tshwj Xeeb hais tias ib zaug xaiv cov neeg tuaj rau kev hu mus rau txuag lwm tus neeg, tseem ceeb heev. Tseeb, qhov kev xaiv ntawm profession yog inextricably txuas nrog ib tug tus kheej txoj hauj lwm, thiab yog hais tias nws yog los cawm thiab tiv thaiv nws cov pej xeem, ntawm no mus txiav txim siab rau yav tom ntej ua hauj lwm yooj yim. Kev rau npe koom thawj nyob rau hauv tsev kawm qib siab, ces mus rau kev kawm qib siab, yog ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub thaum muaj xwm ceev cov kev pab cuam, xws li tus neeg yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj - kom paub lawv tus kheej.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm qhov uas muaj qhov tshwj xeeb "Fire kev ruaj ntseg"

Yog hais tias peb saib lub keeb kwm tseeb, nws yuav paub tseeb hais tias txawm txij thaum lub hnub ntawm ancient tim lyiv teb chaws cov neeg xav nyob rau hauv hluav taws kev ruaj ntseg. Specialty, los yog es, lub preconditions rau nws rov tshwm sim, yog tsau rau hauv ib ncig ntawm cov hiob civilization. Nyob rau hauv tus thawj muaj ntau ntau neeg ua tim khawv rau cov kev tua hluav taws ua ntawm cov neeg ua hauj. Ib tug ob peb centuries tom qab rau tom ntej no qhov chaw, nyob qhov twg muaj ib tug tag nrho lub koom haum mus tua hluav taws kub ntawm lub xeev qib, yog tus Roman faj tim teb chaws. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tus Emperor Augustus hmo tub ceev xwm ncig kuaj xyuas lub nroog ntawm lub sij hawm no ntawm ib hnub, hnub tawm nyob rau hauv txoj kev ntawm txoj kev cawm seej ntawm cov neeg, lawv cov tsev neeg thiab cov cuab yeej ntawm tus phem heev hluav taws kub.

Nws yog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lub XVI xyoo pua nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Lavxias teb sab teb chaws sawv qhov yuav tsum tau los tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb lub cev, uas nws lub ntsiab kev ua si yog qhov hluav taws kub kev nyab xeeb. Tshwj Xeeb firefighter xws li tau yug los txawm tom qab. Tom qab ze li ntawm 150 xyoo tom qab thawj zaug teams Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich muab ib tug decree, uas yog tau los yog txiav txim lub xov tooj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov luag num ntawm ib pab neeg. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1649, nyob rau hnub tim 30. Muaj yog tsis muaj dab tsi ceeb nyob rau hauv lub fact tias nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no lub sij hawm, hnub no yog lub cim, vim hais tias cov hnub ntawm hluav taws kev tiv thaiv cov Russia nquam paj nquam nruas nws nyob rau hauv hnub kawg nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis.

Yuav ua li cas lub system ua hauj lwm?

Ua hauj lwm rau ib tug tshwj xeeb "Fire kev ruaj ntseg" tsis yog tas rau xwb hluav taws tawm ncaj qha mus rau qhov chaw ntawm cov hluav taws extinguishing. Qhov no cheeb tsam yog ib tug complex system, qhov twg txhua lub caij tseem ceeb heev thiab indispensable. Yuav kom to taub li cas cov system ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm "Fire Safety", xav yuav tsum tau muab txhua txhua lub luag hauj lwm tus neeg nyob rau hauv ib tug cheeb tsam ntawm chaw ua hauj lwm. Raws li ib feem ntawm nws txoj hauj lwm mus rau ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm neeg cawm muab tej kev khiav dej num. Ib tug piv txwv yog lub modeling ntawm qhov teeb meem no peculiar rau vozniknuvshey hluav taws.

Yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm cov hluav taws pib? Feem ntau ib tug centralized dispatch kev pab cuam tau txais ib tug hu. Nws lub hom phiaj yog los mus txiav txim qhov hluav taws kub khiav dej num ntawm ib feem ze li sai tau los ntawm lub scene. Ua ntej muab ib qho kev thov rau tawm qhov hluav taws kub, lub neeg tuav xov tooj yuav tsum txiav txim siab tau dab tsi theem no hluav taws yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi complexity. Qhov no zoo tshaj yog kev lom zem ntau thiab txiav txim seb lub starting taw tes.

Npaj rau hluav taws kub extinguishing

Piv txwv li, yog tias lub thawv yog lighted nrog mas cov khib nyiab, nyob rau hauv ib tug tua hluav taws qhov chaw yuav xa ib lub tsheb-tanker. Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm ib tug loj kev huam yuaj tej zaum koj yuav xav tau li ob tug, thiab hluav taws xyaw los ntawm tag nrho cov cheeb tsam surrounding. Nyob rau hauv kev, thaum hlawv ib tug neeg pej xeem lub tsev los yog ib tug raug cog, xa ob peb hluav taws brigades thiab los ntawm ntau cov lus qhia. Yog li, los ntawm kev kho kom haum tus xov tooj ntawm lub tsheb nyob rau hauv cov khoom ua tau hauj lwm tswj qhov link ntawm lub saw, "Hluav Taws Kub".

Profession, kev cob qhia uas yog neeg tua hluav taws cawm cov kev pab cuam, txhais tau tias ib tug ntau ntawm lub cev kev kawm. Nws yog tsis muaj coincidence, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tom qab tau txais ib lub teeb liab ntawm cov tab tom yuav ncaim firefighters yog rau standby luag hauj lwm, yuav tsum tau hnav tiv thaiv firefighting iav thiab mus rau qhov hluav taws kub chaw. Feem ntau, yuav ua li cas sai sai qhov hluav taws kub brigade tuaj txog, nws txiav txim rau tus xov tooj ntawm lub neej dim. Mus txog rau qhov hluav taws kub fighters seb lawv thawj ua hauj lwm ntawm formulating ib qho mob ceev txoj kev txiav txim, noj mus rau hauv tus account lub qhov xwm ntawm qhov hluav taws kub, nws qhov chaw nyob thiab tej zaum txaus ntshai, tej zaum teeb meem thiab teeb meem thaum lub sij hawm lub lag luam.

wrecking

Thaum lub pov tseg ntawm cawm pawg muaj 2-3 feeb los npaj hydrants, unrolling hoses los yog kev twb kev txuas mus rau lub tshuab tank. Nruab nrab lub sij hawm ntawm cov nplaim taws quenching txheej txheem tsis tau. Sib ntaus hauv cov hluav taws tau cov tub txawg thiab rau ib tug peb lub hlis twg ntawm ib teev, thiab rau ob peb hnub. Soj ntsuam raws li ntawm qhov hluav taws kub, thiab muab piv rau lawv nrog rau cov rog ntawm qhov hluav taws kub brigade los txog, lub rescuers yuav ua ntxiv rog.

Thaum koj ua tag lawm, cov thawj ntawm cov uas muaj lub khwb yog yuam ua hauj lwm kom qhia rau cov tua hluav taws rau lub liquidation ntawm lub ntsiab, tsim thiab kos npe rau hauv txoj cai. Cov nram qab no lam nyob rau hauv lub cawm lub lag luam yog cov kawm txoj moo zoo. Lawv yuav tsum xyuas seb qhov ua rau ntawm lub phaum, soj ntsuam qhov tseeb txog, mus nrhiav tau cov neeg lub luag hauj lwm, Yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug txhob txwm riam phom. Feem ntau muaj yog ib tug yuav tsum rau interrogators kev sib tw lub legality ntawm kev ua ntawm hluav taws. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm extinguishing hluav taws hluav taws brigade tej zaum liam ntawm yuav ua kev puas tsuaj rau vaj tse.

Yuav ua li cas yog qhia yav tom ntej firefighter?

Yog li ntawd, cov tshwj xeeb "Fire and Muaj Kev Nyab Xeeb" yog hais txog daim ntawv teev cov feem ntau nrov professions nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab zog ua lag luam. Tom qab tau txais ib tug ua tiav kev kawm ntawv, entrants muaj ib lub caij nyoog mus sau npe kawm nyob rau hauv kev kawm ntawv tsev nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam no. Txhua yam ntawm lawv, nug cov nqe lus nug "vim li cas kuv xaiv tus tshwj xeeb" Fire kev ruaj ntseg "?" Yuav teb hais rau nws. Neeg tham lwm cov tub ntxhais kawm xav ua yooj nyob thiaj li yuav:

• tsim tshiab kev tiv thaiv system uas muaj zoo meej kev nta, siv nyob rau hauv industrial thiab raug dab, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tiv thaiv kom txhob txog tej kev thiab txaus ntshai rau cov kev khiav hauj lwm thiab cov neeg ib puag ncig;
• kawm txog cov qauv ntawm economic mob ntawm hluav taws tshuab thiab kev nyab xeeb pab kiag li lawm, raws li tau zoo raws li ua tau kev tej yaam num;
• koom nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev cai lij choj lub moj khaum, tam sim no cov ntaub ntawv hais txog txhua yam ntawm hluav taws cov kev pab ua ub no: ua hauj lwm, managerial, cov thiab tactical.
• tsim thiab siv kev pab cuam los txheeb xyuas kom tsim nyog kev tivthaiv tej yam kev mob, ntxawg qauv nyob rau hauv hluav taws kev ruaj ntseg.

Kawm nyob rau hauv tsev kawm qib siab nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb "Fire kev ruaj ntseg"

"Hluav taws kev ruaj ntseg" yuav tau txais ib tug tshwj xeeb tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv high school. Nyob rau hauv tsev kawm qib siab, cov tub ntxhais kawm yuav tau kev kawm los ntawm cuv npe nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov tshwj xeeb theem nrab tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug tag nrho kev kawm ntawv los yog nrog xwb ib tug yooj yim theem. Muaj tsim nyog ti teg taw diploma, cov kawm tiav yuav tau ntau tsim nyog rau qhov ntxiv kev siv ntawm cov chaw ua hauj lwm kev txawj ntse thiab kev txawj ntse.

Tom qab kawm ntawv qib siab, tech tshwj xeeb "Fire kev ruaj ntseg" yuav tau kawm mus ua hauj lwm raws li ib pab neeg kom nyob rau hauv kov thiab sib txuas lus nrog lug txhawb cov miv nyob ncaj qha nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws kub tsam. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov kawm tiav ntawm ob tshwj xeeb tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum ntawm nws tus kheej npaj lawv tus kheej ua ub no thiab ua lub luag hauj lwm txiav txim siab ob leeg nyob rau tib yam lub sijhawm thiab nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas txawv txawv nyob rau hauv cov xwm.

Kawm ntawv qib siab nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no

Txhim kho lawv kev txawj ntse thiab tau txais ib daim ntawv kawm tiav ntawm tsis tiav kev kawm ntawv kawm ntawv qib siab tiav yuav tau nkag mus yog ib tug ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab universities, qhov muaj yog kev kawm nyob rau hauv "Fire Safety" (tshwj xeeb). Kawm ntawv qib siab hauv tsev nyob rau hauv Moscow, qhov chaw uas koj muaj peev xwm yauv qhov kev kawm no, yog nrov ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv, vim hais tias ntau xyoo cov tsev twb tau los ua pov thawj lawv competitiveness thiab muaj peev xwm mus tsim tau tiag tiag cov tub txawg nyob rau hauv coob nyob rau hauv hnub no lub zog ua lag luam. Ntawm cov feem ntau muaj kev vam meej Lavxias teb sab universities:

• Academy of State Hluav Taws Sib Ntaus Service ntawm tus Ministry ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation rau Civil kws muaj txuj ci, Xwm Ceev thiab Ntaus ntawm yuav tshwm ntawm Puas Tsuaj Ntuj Tsim.
• Academy of Civil kws muaj txuj ci EMERCOM ntawm Russia.
• Moscow State University of Technology thiab cov kev tswj. KG Razumovsky (Npe Cossack University).

Leej twg muaj peev xwm ua hauj lwm rau kawm tiav ntawm lawv cov kev tshawb fawb?

Tom qab ib tug neeg uas tau txais ib tug tshwj xeeb "Fire kev ruaj ntseg", uas ua hauj lwm nws twb paub raws nraim. College kawm tiav los yog ua Moscow university peev xwm nqa tawm cawm ua hauj lwm. Txawm li cas los, nws tag nrho cov nyob tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub diploma ntawm kev kawm ntawv. Theem ntawm lub cev muaj zog yog tej zaum cov ntsiab tau. kawm tiav feem ntau ua civil txib, competent rau ib ce muaj zog kev saib xyuas dua hauv lub chaw uas zoo heev entrusted rau lawv.

Ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws kub kev nyab xeeb rau cov poj niam

Incidentally, xws ua hauj lwm yog tau txawm rau cov fairer pw ua ke, uas tau raug cob qhia rau hauv chav kawm "Fire kev ruaj ntseg". Tshwj Xeeb ntxhais txawj to taub yooj yim, vim nws yog ib qhov zoo ntawm kev ua hauj lwm tsis yog hais txog mus rau lub hwj chim ua lag ua luam. Ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm yog rau qhov hluav taws kub soj ntsuam. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias lawv tsis txhob maj mus rau hauv kev nyab xeeb nrog ib lub taub hau nyob rau hauv lawv lub xub pwg nyom lub luag hauj lwm ntawm kev koom tes nrog cov pej xeem. Tiv thaiv, kev kawm ntawv cov txheej xwm, briefings, sib tham thiab lectures rau schoolchildren, menyuam kawm ntawv thiab lwm tus neeg -. Ib tug cog lus rau kom cov kev kawm theem ntawm cov pejxeem nyob rau hauv hluav taws kev ruaj ntseg teeb meem.