Hav zoov Thiab Cheeb tsam

Hav zoov - qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb hom nroj tsuag txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Nws yog ib lub kim tshaj plaws qhov chaw ntawm ntau yam khoom, nws yog txaus qub thiab zoo-paub cov ntaub ntawv uas yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb. Nws yog txoj kev sib sau ntawm cov xwm, cov ib puag ncig yog cia li ib feem ntawm nws. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, qhov kev sib cais ntawm forests thiab qhov ib puag ncig yog xav tau cov pa. Nws yog tsim nyog rau cov gradual qhib ntawm lawv kev sib raug zoo, ncaj thiab rov qab.
Txoj kev tshawb no ntawm kev sib raug qhov chaw thiab qhov ib puag ncig, forests thiab puag ncig ecology tom hav zoov yog koom nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau tus ntoo khaub lig-section. Raws li ib tug tej yam khoom thiab xav txog tej hom ntawm ntoo thiab uas tsis yog-ntoo hav zoov muaj tus kab mob. Hav zoov ecology li sineko muaj xws li cov nram qab no yam: zajlus kom autekologicheskie. Mus rau tus thawj nam muaj xws li ib lub hav zoov thiab cov ib puag ncig, mus rau lub thib ob - cov hom thiab qhov ib puag ncig.
Lub ob sab los sib tham hav zoov ecology: thawj - tej yam uas ib puag ncig yam tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm lub hav zoov; thib ob - tus nqi ntawm cov ib puag ncig thiab tej yam uas forests rau cov ib puag ncig uas nyob ib ncig nws. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob cov ntaub ntawv hais txog tej yam uas tom hav zoov chaw tshaj nws, uas yog nyob los ntawm cov forests. Nws ua raws cov hav zoov ecology kev tshawb fawb lub luag hauj lwm ntawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov ntawm cov hav zoov raws li ib tug kev sib sau ntawm cov xwm, ib feem ntawm uas qhov nruab nrab yog. Tag nrho cov ntau yam ntawm ib puag ncig yam tseem ceeb uas txiav txim lesoproizrastaniya tej yam kev mob ntawm lub neej thiab txoj kev loj hlob ntawm forests, txo mus rau ib tug ob peb pab neeg: cov firstly, kev nyab xeeb yam, xws li tawg, dej regimes, zog thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov cua , thiab hais txog.
Secondly, edaphic thiab orographic yam. Lawv muaj xws li av, cov av, cov topography, raws li cov slopes yog ntxhab thiab tsom teeb.
Qhov thib peb pab pawg neeg, biotic yam. Qhov no pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li nroj tsuag, tsiaj txhu, thiab microorganisms.
Qhov thib plaub pab pawg neeg - anthropogenic yam.
Fifth, keeb kwm yam.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, muaj yog ib tug complex tus ntawm ib puag ncig yam tseem ceeb, uas yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ntau yam ob peb ua ke. Yog hais tias koj hloov ib yam, nws yeej hloov rau lwm yam. Piv txwv li: thaum koj hloov lub altitude yuav tsum tau hloov thiab kev nyab xeeb, av thiab lwm yam.
Yog li, nyob rau hauv tus ntawm ntau yam ib puag ncig yam tseem ceeb yog ib lub hav zoov. Nws muaj feem xyuam rau cov ib puag ncig, thiab nws influences tag nrho tej yam zoo, tsim ib tug peculiar tsuas rau nws ib tug tshwj xeeb ib puag ncig. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau tus neeg nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus teb ntawm tsis tsuas yog lub zos, kuj thooj plawv.
Yog hais tias peb soj ntsuam cov ib puag ncig zog ntawm lub hav zoov yuav txawv ob hom los ntawm cov ib puag ncig: txhua yam thiab biogeochemical. Cov neeg kho tshuab muaj nuj nqi yog nqa tawm los ntawm lub biomass. Nyob kab mob raws li ib tug tag nrho los yog ib tug neeg lub Cheebtsam, uas yog muaj nyob rau hauv ib chav tsev cheeb tsam ecosystem. Biochemical zog - physiological kev ua ub no xws li photosynthesis, salinity, thiab cov zoo li.
Faib ib co hav zoov khiav dej num: tsim, carbon feature cua tu, kev nyab xeeb, huab cua thiab dej tiv thaiv.
Lub peev xwm ntawm forests yog los tshem tawm cov pa roj carbon los ntawm ob lub saum huab cua thiab lub teb chaws tshuaj. Los ntawm ntxuav huab cua kuab paug raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm haum, thiab lub cev vapor deposition.
Hav zoov cog yog ntau txo cov nyhuv ntawm suab nrov, tiv thaiv txoj kev kom tsis txhob ua snowed.
Forests cuam tshuam atmospheric phenomena. Qhov no ua rau nws tus kheej microclimate, uas yog siv rau cov qoob loo tiv thaiv, cov av thiab cov zoo li. Zoo cuam tshuam rau tom hav zoov replenishment ntawm av, txij li thaum feem ntau ntawm cov dej mus underground. Av noj los ntawm dej ntws thiab li lees tias ib theem siab ntawm dej, ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov. Hav zoov plantations ua si ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm.