Hav zoov hluav taws kub: ua, hom thiab los

Ua ntej piav txog cov ua hav zoov hluav taws kub, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias ib tug uncontrolled hluav taws hnub no tua ib tug ntau ntawm cov neeg raug kev txom nyem thiab tag nrho lub zos. Qhov no lub caij - cov feem ntau txaus ntshai khaum ntawm noob neej, vim hais tias ntawm cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem nyob rau hauv tsev lojcuj, tag nrho cov uas muaj sia thiab tswg xwm. Nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, raws li ua ntej, nws yog ib tug ncaj qho teeb meem.

globality

Qhov hluav taws kub tshwm sim los zoo puas tsuaj thoob plaws hauv peb ib puag ncig. State qhauj thiab tus neeg tus kheej lub neej txoj sia. Feem ntau qhov ua rau ntawm qhov hluav taws kub yog txiv neej nws tus kheej. Tej ntxhib tuav nrog hluav taws los yog qhov chaw ntawm tiv cav tseb. Piv txwv li, nrog rau cov cuab yeej rauv taws, luam yeeb unquenched match, ib tug roj qhov cub los yog hluav taws xob welding. Kev ua txhaum ntawm kev siv technology tshiab dab, tus uas kav lub rau tuav hluav taws xob khoom - nws twb yuav ua kom muaj kev puas tsuaj rau ntau tus neeg. Txhua xyoo lub xov tooj ntawm cov hluav taws kub tsub kom ho. Yog hais tias koj tsis nqa tawm hluav taws kub tiv thaiv kev ntsuas, yuav muaj tsuas ntxiv.

Nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws yog heev ntau tom hav zoov hluav taws kub, qhov ua rau ntawm cov uas yuav tsum tau tham tom qab. Zog ntawm Guj kuj poob lawm ntau ntawm cov av nyob rau hauv 2010. Qhov hluav taws kub them loj heev qhov chaw ntawm lub hav zoov. Yog hais tias koj ntseeg hais tias cov txheeb cais, tuag txhua xyoo ntau tshaj 300 txhiab. Ha.

feature

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg xim, ua ntej cais cov ua hav zoov hluav taws kub. Tag nrho cov no yog cov ob hom. Grassroots thiab caij.

Nyob rau hauv thawj cov ntaub ntawv, hlawv tag nrho cov litter, Lichens, me me ntoo, mosses thiab cov ntoo loj nyob twj ywm lawm, tsuas yog tus yeej (rau hauv qab ntawm cov keeb kwm) Burns tawv.

Thaum yas hluav taws kub mas kub rau sab saum toj ntawm cov ntoo. Nws yog heev txaus ntshai, raws li qhov hluav taws kub kis los ntawm cov ntsis ntoo, cua, tsim los ntawm thermal convection cov kwj ntawm cov hluav taws kub. Qhov no vortex yuav txawm zam lub burning ntoo Yeej tshaj ntev ncua kev.

tshem tawm ntawm cov kev hem thawj

Yog hais tias lub quenching nto hluav taws nyob rau hauv cov ntoo yog nqa tawm nrog dej thauj los ntawm tankers los yog lwm yam hlab ntsha, raws li zoo raws li lub hav zoov opashkoy churning nplaim ceg thiab lub ntiaj teb, tus nees yog tshem tawm los ntawm txhais tau tias ntawm huab cua thiab dej.

Muaj kev zam. Lawv coj tus nplaim taws nyob rau hluav taws, uas yog tsim artificially. Yuav kom tiv thaiv tau nws kis aviation txhais tau tias, yuav ceev faj tsis txhob poob mus rau hauv lub convective txaus. Hais tias yog, tus kub huab cua los ntawm qhov hluav taws kub. Yog hais tias tsis ceev faj, lub aircraft los yog qhov siab tej zaum yuav poob mus rau hauv qhov hluav taws kub.

anthropogenic ua

Uas yog, cov neeg uas txuam nrog tus neeg. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, vim hais tias ntawm cov neeg feem ntau ntawm cov hav zoov hluav taws kub. Yog vim li cas yog raws li nram no:

• Lwj liam tuav ntawm hluav taws. Qhov no muaj xws li lwj liam neeg tua tsiaj thiab tourists uas tsis tua cov match, hluav taws kub thiab luam yeeb butts. Tej zaum txawm txaus txim los ntawm lub tso ntawm lub tshuab, kom zes ib daim ntawm cov nyom uas cov nplaim taws kis ntxiv.
• Qhib hluav taws kub hauv peatlands.
• Tsis nco qab lawm nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov lub fwj los yog uncleared khib nyiab. Los ntawm lawv txig refracted teeb kis tau, vim hais tias cov neeg uas lub lens cov nyhuv yog txhais (hauv paus ntsiab lus tiv cav tseb ntawm daim ntawv nrog ib tug magnifying khob).
• Daim ntawv thov wads (dua tham txog yos hav zoov uas) ntawm cov khoom, uas yog tsis tshua muaj cov.
• Tsis ceev faj selhozpaly (hlawv tshuaj ntsuab nyob rau hauv nyob deb pastures los yog hayfields) nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
• Uas raug nqi ntau cov kev cai ntawm cov hluav taws kev ruaj ntseg. Ib tug piv txwv yooj yim: ib tug txiv neej caij raws hav zoov los ntawm lub tsheb, nres mus sau rau hauv lub tank ntawm lub canister. Nws wiped nws txhais tes rau ntawm ib tug ntswg thiab cuam rau hauv av, mus ntxiv. Raws li los ntawm xeem dhau rau lwm tus neeg tsav tsheb, uas cia li yog xov, thiab cuam ib tug luam yeeb taub qab los ntawm lub qhov rais. Nws tau txais nyob rau hauv daim ntaub soaked nyob rau hauv roj, thiab muaj ib tug hluav taws. Uas tau tso npe thov mus rau lub hav zoov.

Hais tias yog dab tsi lub ntsiab ua rau ntawm hav zoov hluav taws kub. Tu siab, tsis yog txhua txhua tus neeg xav txog qhov yuav tshwm. Thiab muaj coob tus neeg tsuas muaj tsis muaj kev hwm rau cov xwm.

tej yam ntuj tso yam

Lawv kuj yuav tsum hais, sib tham txog lub ntsiab ua rau ntawm hav zoov hluav taws kub. Nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, ntawm chav kawm, liam tus txiv neej, tab sis kuj natural yam tshwm sim. Ntawm no yog ib daim ntawv teev ntawm lawv:

• Qhuav thunderstorms.
• Xob Laim.
• Tornadoes.
• Av qeeg.
• Cua daj cua dub.
• Tornadoes.
• Kub.
• Txawj combustion ntawm lub peat los.

Thaum xub thawj tus phenomenon yuav tsum tsis txhob mloog. Qhuav thunderstorms yog tsis tshua muaj, tab sis lawv yog ib cov zoo kawg nyab xeeb. Lawv yog cov cumulonimbus huab nrog nag lossis daus. Uas tsis tau hauv av, thiab qhuav. Tag nrho nrog xob quaj thiab ib tug haib fais paug, ntog nyob rau hauv cov ntoo. Thiab vim yog tsis muaj noo noo (qhuav thunderstorms tom qab tag nrho cov), muaj ib tug tua hluav taws. Tham txog dab tsi ua rau ntawm hav zoov hluav taws kub, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias qhov no tshwm sim yuav txais lub feem ntau txaus ntshai txim. Txij li thaum nws tsis paub ntau npaum li cas xws li ib tug qhuav nag xob nag muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm xob yuav entail.

peat hluav taws kub

Hais txog cov yuav tsum tau yuav tsum tau hais. Peat - yog ib yam khoom uas ua los ntawm tsis tiav decomposition ntawm tsob nroj teeb meem. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv uas yuav tswj kav ntev li ya raws thiab tsis muaj kev aeration. Uas yog vim li cas cov khoom yog cov dej muaj peev xwm ntawm tag nrho cov uas twb muaj lawm khoom roj a.

Hais txog hais tias, dab tsi yog qhov ua rau ntawm hav zoov hluav taws kub, hais saum toj no. Thiab yog dab tsi yam ua ib tug tua hluav taws ntawm peat? Lub ntsiab sawv daws yuav yog cov nram qab no:

• Kev tuav ntawm hluav taws.
• Autoignition (tshwm sim yog hais tias tus sab nraud kub yog siab tshaj 50 degrees).
• Xob Laim.

hluav taws tseem

Feem ntau cov feem ntau muaj yog ib tug peat hluav taws nyob rau hauv lub thib ob yog vim li cas ntawm cov saum toj no. Tsis ceeb, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov nyob rau hauv central Russia cheeb tsam cov av sov rau 52-54 degrees. Txij li thaum turf muaj hydrogen, carbon, thiab oxygen atoms, tiv cav tseb ntawm ib tug kub tsis yuam kom tos ntev. Nws pib nrog cov hniav lwj thiab tig mus rau hauv ib tug loj-scale hluav taws.

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, ua rau cov hav zoov thiab peat hluav taws kub muaj peev xwm yuav tib yam. Tab sis sau lawv rov tsis paub. Ib tug muaj tsuas mus nco ntsoov hais tias tshaj qhov peat hluav taws chaw no feem ntau tsim nyob rau "columnar vortices" hmoov av thiab hluav uas ib tug muaj zog cua nqa tshaj ntev ncua kev thiab nws thiaj li ua rau tshiab txhab. Nws yuav qhov ua rau ntawm ntau kub nyhiab nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj txhu thiab tib neeg.

los

Sib tham seb cov ntsiab ua rau hav zoov hluav taws kub, nws yog tsim nyog los rov hais dua mus rau lub Lavxias teb sab Emergency zaus Ministry cov ntaub ntawv. Muaj muaj heev ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb. Nws yog hais tias qhov kev huam yuaj cov ntaub ntawv yog cov tseem ceeb yam tseem ceeb uas txiav txim seb lub puab thiab lub xeev hav zoov nyiaj ntawm peb lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv kev, qhov chaw ntawm lub Far East thiab Siberia. Muaj cov chaw uas twb tuag lawm qhov chaw thiab burnt ntau lub sij hawm ntau tshaj li qhov ntim ntawm cuttings. Tib yam siv rau cov nyob sab Europe ib feem ntawm lub teb chaws, tab sis rau ib tug tsawg degree.

Txheeb cais yeej terrifies thiab ua rau peb xav hais tias hais txog dab tsi lub ntsiab ua rau ntawm hav zoov hluav taws kub, mus ua txhua yam kom tiv thaiv tau lawv. Yog vim li cas? Vim hais tias hav zoov npog 22% ntawm tag nrho lub teb chaws! Thiab txhua txhua xyoo nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Federation sau npe tsawg kawg 10,000 hluav taws kub. Thiab raws li ib tug tshaj plaws - 35 000. Thiab hais tias yog cia li nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov. Thiab lawv npog ib tug tiag tiag lossis loj cheeb tsam - los ntawm 500 000 mus rau 2 lab hectares. Needless hais puas yog kwv yees li ntawm 20 billion rubles. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, mus txog rau 1/3 ntawm cov poob ntog rau forestry (tsis ntoo).

Hais txog anthropogenic ignitions

Qhov saum toj no uas muaj npe ua rau tom hav zoov thiab peat hluav taws kub. Thaum kawg, qhov kawg ntawm lub ntsiab lus, kuv xav qhia me ntsis rau koj txog tus txiv neej-ua. Tom qab tag nrho, lawv yog cov tshwj xeeb txaus ntshai.

Cov no muaj xws hluav taws kub ntawm nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag, fais fab nroj tsuag thiab qhov chaw uas ib tug ntau ntawm cov tshuaj ua lag luam, cia tso tsheb hlau luam thiab refineries. Thiab txawm nyob rau hauv ib tug textile Hoobkas, qhov uas lawv sib sau hmoov av yuav zes nthawv. Lub txim yog ntiaj teb no, vim hais tias cov kub paj rwb yog nyuaj heev rau tua, vim hais tias nws muaj loj nyiaj ntawm cov pa, thiab txawm hlawv cia paj rwb bale nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv, koj yuav tsis muab tso rau nws tawm. Nws yuav txuas ntxiv mus hlawv nyob rau hauv dej rau hauv qab.

Yuav ua li cas tshem tawm tej hluav taws kub? Los ntawm txhais tau tias cov nram qab no yam:

• Dej. Cov feem ntau txhais tau tias ntawm sib ntaus sib tua hluav taws kub.
• Xuab zeb. Nws ua hauj lwm pab rau tshem tawm me me hluav taws kub.
• Extinguishing hmoov, ib tug npuas tawm neeg sawv cev, cov pa roj carbon dioxide.

Thaum xaiv ib tug cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum ib ce muaj zog kho mob. Piv txwv li, lub quenching roj siv rau lub npuas neeg sawv cev nrog dej. Nws tas li ntawd yog yuav tsum tau, txij li thaum nws cov ntaub ntawv lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov pa mus rau hauv lub reservoir ntawm hlawv roj av khoom. Txawm li cas los, lub quenching roj xwb dej yog tsis yooj yim sua, raws li nws yog tsis ib leeg tsim kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv ingress ntawm cov pa thiab nws tus kheej yaj mus rau hauv cov pa thiab hydrogen sov siab, ua rau ib tug tawg.

Zoo, qhov hluav taws kub tsis spare leej twg. Vim heev heev hluav taws kub yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias ua tib zoo xa mus rau lub qhov thiab cuab yeej tej. Peb yuav tsum ua tsev. Pom ib tug burning luam yeeb los yog ib lub raj mis dag nyob rau hauv lub hnub, kom tshem tawm nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los cawm lub neej ntawm koj tus kheej, xwm thiab cov neeg nyob ib ncig ntawm. Tom qab tag nrho cov, nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab hluav taws uas yuav ua rau tshwm sim vim cov txhaum ntawm tus txiv neej. Thiab hais tias yuav ua kom siv mus rau tag nrho cov yav tas los hais tias.