Drive zaus: kev piav qhia thiab kev txheeb xyuas

zaus tsav kev cai tso cai siv ib tug tshwj xeeb converter rau flexibly hloov lub lag luam hom ntawm cov lub cev muaj zog: ua rau nws pib, nres, acceleration, braking, hloov cov kev ceev ntawm kev sib hloov.

Hloov cov zaus ntawm lub mov voltage ua rau ib tug kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub angular tshaj tawm los ntawm lub magnetic teb ntawm lub stator. Thaum lub zaus decreases, lub cav ceev decreases, thiab lub ris hauv qab yuav tsub kom.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov lag luam ntawm lub zaus converter tsav

Lub ntsiab drawback yog lub complexity ntawm asynchronous motors ceev kev cai pa txoj kev: hloov cov mov voltage thiab cov kev taw qhia ntxiv windings nyob rau hauv lub Circuit Court resistances. Ntau sophisticated yog tus tsav zaus ntawm lub cev muaj zog. Kom txog rau thaum nyuam qhuav, lub converters pricey, tab sis cov tsos ntawm IGBT-transistors thiab microprocessor tswj systems tau tso cai txawv teb chaws manufacturers yuav tsim tau pheej yig tus nqi ntawm lub ntaus ntawv. Qhov siab tshaj plaws attainable hnub no yog zoo li qub zaus converters.

Lub angular tshaj tawm los ntawm lub stator magnetic teb ω ₀ hloov nyob rau hauv kev faib ua feem rau lub zaus ƒ ₁ raws li cov mis:

ω ₀ = 2π × ƒ ₁ / p,

qhov twg p - tus naj npawb ntawm ncej officers.

Cov kev qhia rau smoother ceev tswj. Thaum no ceev lub cev muaj zog ris hauv qab yog tsis tau nce.

Yog xav tau kev muaj hwj huam ua tau zoo ntawm cov cav - lub efficiency, lub hwj chim tshaj thiab lub sij hawm overload muaj peev xwm ua, nrog rau lub zaus ntawm hloov voltage quav txiav txim:

• qhov load torque - U ₁ / ƒ ₁ = const;
• Ntxuam cim load torque - U ₁ / ƒ _{Lub ob hlis ntuj ¹} = const;
• load torque yog inversely xwm yeem mus rau ceev - U ₁ / √ ƒ ₁ = const.

Cov zog yog DVR ntawm lub transducer thaum hloov qhov zaus thiab voltage mus rau lub cev muaj zog stator. Conserving hwj chim los ntawm kev tswj ntawm qhov tsim nyog txheej txheem tsis: siab twj tso kua mis, kiv cua muaj peev xwm, tus pub tus nqi ntawm lub tshuab, thiab lwm yam Cov tsis sib txawv ntseeg nkaws ..

Txoj kev rau lub zaus tswj ntawm induction thiab synchronous motors

Lub zaus tswj drives rau lub hauv paus ntawm asynchronous nas-tawb motors yog ob txoj kev uas yuav ua ntawv thov kev tswj - scalar thiab vector. Nyob rau hauv thawj cov ntaub ntawv, ib txhij hloov cov amplitude thiab zaus ntawm lub mov voltage.

Qhov no yog tsim nyog los tswj lub cav khiav, feem ntau ntawm tag nrho - ib qhov piv ntawm nws cov nyiaj pab ntau tshaj torque mus rau lub resistive torque. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim nyob twj ywm rau hauv tib lub efficiency thiab lub hwj chim tshaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev sib hloov ntau yam.

Vector tswj yog ib tug simultaneous hloov nyob rau hauv lub amplitude thiab theem ntawm cov tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub stator.

Zaus synchronous hom cev muaj zog tsav yog kev khiav hauj lwm thaum uas tsis muaj loads, thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm uas tshaj permissible qhov tseem ceeb txuam tej zaum yuav tsis.

Qhov zoo ntawm zaus tsav

Zaus hloov muaj ib tug tag nrho ntau yam kev zoo piv nrog rau lwm txoj kev.

1. Automation ntawm lub cav thiab raug dab.
2. Du pib xa raug uas tsis tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm engine acceleration. Ua tus tsav zaus thiab kev cia siab ntawm cov khoom los ntawm kev txo congestion.
3. Tsub kom economic efficiency thiab cov tsav tsheb ua tau zoo raws li ib tug tag nrho.
4. Tsim ib qhov lub cev muaj zog ceev nws tus kheej ntawm qhov xwm ntawm tus load, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb thaum lub sij hawm transients. Siv cov tswv yim ua rau nws tau kom muaj ib tug tsis tu ncua engine ceev nyob rau hauv ntau perturbing influences, nyob rau hauv particular nyob rau hauv alternating loads.
5. Converters yuav muab tau yooj yim kev mus rau hauv uas twb muaj lawm kev systems tsis loj hloov thiab tso tseg dab. Lub hwj chim ntau yam zoo kawg thiab, tab sis nrog lub nce nyob rau hauv lawv cov nqi ho nce.
6. Lub cib fim ua tsis kam variators, Reducers, txhawm chim thiab lwm yam kev tswj cov khoom los yog los nthuav rau hauv lub chav ntawm lawv daim ntawv thov. Qhov no los tau nyob rau hauv ib tug txiav txim lub zog txuag.
7. Tshem tawm ntawm qhov teeb meem los ntawm transients rau hauv tus txheej txheem cov khoom, xws li hydraulic shocks los yog nce kua siab nyob rau hauv lub raj dej thaum uas txo nws noj thaum hmo ntuj.

shortcomings

Zoo li tag nrho cov inverters chastotniki yog qhov chaw ntawm cuam. Lawv yuav tsum ntsia cov ntxaij lim dej.

Hom nqi yog high school. Nws tsub kom ho nrog ua hwj chim ntawm apparatuses.

Zaus hloov thaum thauj kua

Nyob rau qhov chaw nyob qhov twg lub hloov lwm lub tsev yog ua los ntawm dej thiab lwm yam kua, txaus hloov yog ua rau feem ntau yog ib feem ntawm li qub thiab li qub. Tam sim no, pheej coj yog siv zaus tsav twj tso kua mis los yog kiv cua rau propulsion ntawm lub nplooj pu.

Siv lub inverter raws li ib tug throttle lwm muab lub zog txuag nyhuv mus rau 75%. Valve, Restraining cov ndlwg ntawm cov kua, tsis ua pab ua hauj lwm. Qhov no yuav tsub zog poob thiab ib yam khoom uas rau nws thauj mus los.

Tus tsav zaus ua rau nws tau kom muaj ib tug tsis tu ncua siab ntawm tus neeg thaum hloov lub kua ndlwg nqi. Nkag los ntawm lub siab sensor lub teeb liab mus rau lub Actuator uas hloov lub cav muab ceev thiab yog li regulates nws momentum thaum tswj ib tug predetermined tus nqi ndlwg.

twj tso kua mis rau lwm cov kev tswj los ntawm kev hloov cov kev kawm. Fais fab kev noj los ntawm lub twj tso kua mis yog nyob rau hauv lub nyhav dependence ntawm qhov kev kawm los yog cov log ceev. Yog hais tias ib tug turnovers txo ib qhov zoo tshaj ntawm 2, lub twj tso kua mis kev kawm yuav poob 8 lub sij hawm. Lub xub ntiag ntawm lub sij hawm txhua hnub ntawm tau ntawm dej los mus txiav txim lub zog savings thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm, yog hais tias tus khoom zaus tsav tswj. Vim nws tau mus automate siv qhov chaw nres tsheb thiab li optimize cov dej siab nyob rau hauv lub tes hauj lwm.

Txoj hauj lwm chaw dim pa thiab cua txias tshuab

Qhov siab tshaj plaws cua khiav nyob rau hauv cua tshuab yog tsis ib txwm tsim nyog. Kev khiav hauj lwm tej yam kev mob yuav tsum tau pab kev kawm ntawv. Feeb ntau, qhov no siv throttling thaum lub log ceev tshua tas li. Nws yog yooj yim dua hloov cov cua txaus tus nqi vim lub zaus tswj tsav thaum hloov raws caij nyoog thiab huab cua tej yam kev mob, tshav kub, dej, pa thiab noxious roj cua.

Txuag zog nyob rau hauv chaw dim pa thiab cua txias tshuab tiav tsis qis tshaj li hais tias ntawm lub siv noj, txij li thaum muab hwj chim noj yog ib tug nyhav muaj nuj nqi ntawm kev ceev.

Apparatus inverter

Niaj hnub nimno zaus tsav Circuit Court yog cov txheej txheem ntawm nyob rau hauv ob chav converter. Nws muaj ib tug rectifier thiab ib tug mem tes inverter nrog ib tug tswj system.

Tom qab rectification smoothed voltage teeb liab yog lim thiab pub rau ib tug inverter nrog rau semiconductor keyboards, nyob rau txhua yam uas lawv yog kev cob cog rua rau lub stator windings ntawm lub induction lub cev muaj zog. Unit converts tus rectified teeb liab mus rau hauv cov yam theem ntawm zaus thiab amplitude. Fais fab IGBT-transistors tso zis theem muaj ib tug siab switching zaus thiab muab ib tug ntshiab lub teeb liab tsis muaj distortion. Vim lub filtering thaj chaw ntawm lub cev muaj zog winding tam sim no nkhaus daim ntawv rau lawv tso zis yog sinusoidal.

Txoj kev amplitude hloov lub teeb liab

Lub magnitude ntawm cov zis voltage yog tswj los ntawm ob txoj kev:

1. Amplitude - hloov tus voltage nqi.
2. Mem tes taws los piav dav - ib txoj kev los hloov ib tug pulsed teeb liab uas hloov nws ntev, thiab lub zaus tseem unchanged. Muaj hwj chim nyob ntawm tus mem tes dav.

Qhov thib ob hom yog siv feem ntau nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog cov kev loj hlob ntawm microprocessor technology. Niaj hnub nimno inverters yog manufactured nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm xauv GTO-thyristors los yog IGBT-transistors.

Cov Tsam Thawj thiab kev siv cov converters

Zaus tsav muaj ntau nta.

1. Zaus tswj ntawm peb-theem mov voltage ntawm xoom rau 400 Hz.
2. Acceleration los yog deceleration ntawm lub electric tsav ntawm 0.01 vib nas this. 50 min. los ntawm ib tug muab kev cai lij choj los ntawm lub sij hawm rau lub sij hawm (feem ntau yog - linear). Thaum acceleration yog tau tsis tsuas mus rau txo, tab sis nce mus rau 150% ntawm pib torque thiab dynamic.
3. Rov qab lub cev muaj zog nrog predetermined acceleration thiab deceleration hom mus rau lub kev kawm ceev nyob rau hauv lub taw qhia.
4. Lub converters siv adjustable hluav taws xob kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv luv luv Circuit Court, overload, lub ntiaj teb to thiab lov cov lub cev muaj zog mov kab.
5. Converters nyob rau cov qhia portrayed ntaub ntawv hais txog lawv tsis: zaus, voltage, lub hwj chim, ceev, khiav, thiab lwm tus neeg.
6. Lub converters yog tom tam sim no-zaus cov yam ntxwv nyob rau hauv dab tsi yog yuav tsum tau load rau lub engine. tswj lub nruab muaj nuj nqi raws li lawv yog muab los ntawm lub onboard controllers.
7. Rau cov uas tsis frequencies nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau siv cov vector tswj, uas ua hauj lwm nrog tag nrho lub cev muaj zog torque kom muaj ib tug tsis tu ncua ceev thaum loads hloov tswj ncej torque. Zaus kho iav ua hauj lwm zoo nrog rau txoj kev taw qhia ntawm lub cev muaj zog nameplate cov ntaub ntawv, thiab ua raws li txoj kev vam meej ntawm nws cov kev soj ntsuam. Paub khoom tuam txhab uas muag HYUNDAI, Sanyu, thiab lwm tus neeg.

Daim ntawv thov ntawm cov nram qab no converters:

• twj nyob rau hauv kub thiab dej txias thiab kub;
• sludge, xuab zeb thiab Pulp twj concentrators;
• conveying systems: conveyors, cov menyuam conveyors, thiab lwm yam txhais tau tias ;.
• stirrer, zeb, li extruders, dispensers thas;
• centrifuge;
• elevators;
• metallurgical khoom;
• drilling cov khoom;
• hluav taws xob cav;
• excavator thiab crane khoom, mechanisms ntawm manipulators.

Manufacturers zaus inverters, xyuas

Domestic chaw tsim tshuaj paus twb pib yuav ua rau cov khoom haum rau cov neeg siv nyob rau hauv zoo thiab tus nqi. Qhov kom zoo dua yog muaj peev xwm mus sai sai tau txoj cai siv lub tshuab, thiab ncauj lus kom ntxaws tswv yim rau qhov chaw kawm.

Company "Pib system" ua serial khoom thiab tej tog cov khoom. Cov khoom siv rau domestic siv, me me ua lag ua luam thiab ua lag luam. Chaw tsim tshuaj paus "Vesper" ua xya series ntawm converters, uas muaj xws li multi-functional, haum rau feem ntau muaj machinery.

Thawj Coj nyob rau hauv qhuav yog ib tug Danish chastotnikov los ntawm Danfoss. Nws khoom uas siv nyob rau hauv cua tshuab, kondtsionirovaniya, dej thiab cua sov. Lub Finnish lub tuam txhab lub Vacon, uas yog ib feem ntawm lub Danish, manufactures modular lug, los ntawm uas koj muaj peev xwm tsim cov kev tsim nyog pab kiag li lawm tsis pub cov ntsiab lus, uas koj yuav tseg rau lub Cheebtsam. Muaj kuj Converters thoob ntiaj teb kev txhawj xeeb Abb, siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam thiab lub neej txhua hnub.

Judging los ntawm cov kev txheeb xyuas, rau tej yam yooj yim niaj hnub paub tab, koj yuav siv tau pheej yig domestic converters thiab hom rau rau txoj kev xav tau, uas yog ho xav paub ntxiv.

xaus

Tus tsav zaus ntawm lwm yam uas lub cev muaj zog los ntawm kev pauv qhov zaus thiab amplitude ntawm lub mov voltage, yog li tiv thaiv tau nws los ntawm kev yuam kev: overload, luv luv Circuit Court, lub laaj ntawm lub hwj huam mov. Tej fais actuators ua peb tej kev khiav dej num txuam nrog cov acceleration, braking thiab cav ceev. Qhov no pab cov efficiency ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm technology.