Bored nrog grillage foundation: lub tshuab, lub xam

Foundation dhuav nrog grillage yog suav tias yog ib qho ntawm feem txhim khu kev qha thiab tus nqi yog tsis kim heev. Xws li ib tug qauv yuav tsum tsa nws tus kheej. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, koj yuav tsum tau muaj ib lub tswv yim hais txog cov technology kev ua tau zoo ntawm tej kev ua hauj lwm. Nws yuav tsum tau pre-tsim tag nrho cov tsim nyog suav. Qhov ntawd yog tag nrho cov no tham tom qab nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

Seb nws yog tsim nyog los npaj lub hauv paus bored

Lub hauv paus rau ib lub tsev ntawm no hom feem ntau siv rau cov teeb meem qhov chaw - marshy los yog nyob rau hauv lub qhov chaw siab tshaj. Nyob rau pa av yooj yim thiab pheej yig dua rau muab tso rau ib qho sawb cov me nyuam yaus. Heev unreliable grillage ua los ntawm lub phaj. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam mob, raws li lub xeem kab xev yog ntsia. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus xaiv thawj yuav kim kim.

xam txhua

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, ua ntej embarking rau qhov kev siv ntawm ib tug qauv xws li bored pawg foundation, nws yog tsim nyog los ua kom tag nrho cov tsim nyog suav. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nrog rau qhov nyiaj txiav txim los ntawm lub tug. Qhov no tus nqi nyob rau hauv lub ceeb thawj ntawm lub tsev thiab yog proportional rau nws. Qhov thib ob qauv tshau rau kev txiav txim tus xov tooj uas yuav tsum tau txhua yog, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lawv txoj kab uas hla. Lub siab dua nws yog, qhov tsawg yuav tsum tau pawg. Yog li, kem txoj kab uas hla ntawm 300 hli muaj peev xwm ntawm tiv ib tug load ntawm 1700 kg. Tej pawg yuav siv tau rau qhov kev siv ntawm tws, bruschatyh los yog lub moj khaum Siv. Nyob rau hauv hnyav vaj tse ntawm av ci los yog dej nyab nruab ntau haib pawg - 500 mm. Lawv yog cov tau mas tus luj ntawm 5000 kg twb. Tus luj ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej lub tsev ntawm lub sum ntawm lub masses ntawm tag nrho cov tsim nyog rau nws siv cov ntaub ntawv. Yog li, rau xam tus naj npawb ntawm pawg yog tsis yooj yim. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nws yuav tsum tsim nyog los ntxiv lub resulting daim duab thiab qhov hnyav grillage.

Thaum zoo nqa tawm suav tau txhim khu kev qha hauv paus. Bored pawg nrog ib tug phuaj - foundation yog tiag tiag check. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav kom nws tshwm sim li ntawd, koj yuav tsum txhua tsav txhua yam kom xam lub yov ntawm cov ncej. Thaum xaiv qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub pawg yuav tsum dais nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias nws yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj peb ntawm lawv cov diameters. Hais tias yog, piv txwv li, lub siab tshaj plaws kev ncua deb ntawm lub piles ntawm 500 mm - thiab ib tug ib nrab meters.

muab xam los ntawm grillage

Xam qhov tsis muaj rau daim kab xev ib tug qauv xws li bored pawg foundation, nws tseem yog ib qho yooj yim. Nws dav yuav tsum sib npaug zos rau tus ntoo khaub lig seem tug ncej. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum koj xaiv qhov kev xaiv no, them mloog mus rau lub thickness ntawm cov phab ntsa. Grillage dav yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav tsawg tshaj li lawv ntau tshaj 1/3. Lub axis ntawm rau daim kab xev yog pw nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev uas nws coincides nrog lub axis ntawm cov phab ntsa. Yog hais tias qhov kev siv ntawm lub teeb, grillage siab yuav tsum sib npaug zos rau nws dav los yog ntau me ntsis. Qhov no daim kab xev yog haum rau hauv paus ncej thiab cav tsev. Grillage siab nyob rau hauv hnyav vaj tse - av ci los yog qhob - yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav tsawg tshaj li 1.5 nws dav loj.

muab xam los ntawm qhov cuab lub zog

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, dhuav nrog grillage foundation yuav tsum tau siv tam hlau ncej. Lub cev ntas lub tsev thiab ntau dua qhov lub yov ntawm lub pawg, qhov ntau txhim khu kev qha yog yuav haum. Lub pom embodiment rau ib tug ncej yog suav tias yog fluted pas nrig 12 hli. Khoom ntawm me me txoj kab uas hla tsis tau siv rau lub hauv paus. Raws li cov SNP, ib tug hlau nyob rau hauv lub kwj yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 0.1% ntawm nws tag nrho cheeb tsam. Tying rebar yog ua los ntawm tshwj xeeb hlau. Welded num rau lub hauv paus yog tsis yooj yim sua.

Lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev project

Yog li, lub xam yog ua los ntawm lub hauv paus bored. Ntxiv mus, nws yuav tsum tau kos cov duab. Peb tes num yuav tsum tau kom muaj xws li nws lub tswv yim (sab saum toj saib), thiab ib tug ntoo khaub lig-sectional daim duab. Nrog rau cov nuj nqis tsis yooj yim rau ua ib tug yuam kev nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev. Peb tes num yuav tsum tau kom muaj xws li ib lub phaj nrog tag nrho cov tsim nyog cov ntaub ntawv rau casting lawv hom, specifications thiab kom muaj nuj nqis.

npav tiav

Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov suav yog ua. Nws yog lub sij hawm mus pib sau. Nyob rau hauv pre-drilled nrog ib tug phuaj foundation yog npav. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov uas yooj yim txoj kev uas yuav siv cov qauv ntawm cov "Iyiv" daim duab peb sab. Pre-cim rau hauv av ob fab ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej lub tsev nyob rau qhov ntev phab ntsa. Ntxiv mus, thaum ib tug hlua nrog cov pob caus ntawd khi nyob rau hauv nws (ntawm 3, 4, thiab 5 m) yog ob tug lwm lub. Squareness soj ntsuam los ntawm diagonals. Ces tsav nyob rau hauv lub ces kaum ntawm tej ceg txheem ntseeg thiab rub ib tug qaum raws contour ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej paus ntawm sab nraud thiab sab hauv. Nco ntsoov qhov yuav tsum tau thiab qhov chaw ntawm yav tom ntej qhov.

earthwork

Foundation ntawm bored pawg yuav tsum tau teem nyob rau hauv kev ua raws cai nrog rau tej kev cai. Qhov nyob rau hauv cov ncej drilled tag nrho cov ces kaum ntawm lub tsev, raws li zoo raws li ntawm cov kev tshuam ntawm cov phab ntsa sab hauv. Qhov tob ntawm lub pawg nyob rau hauv lub theem ntawm cov av khov. Thaum tsa lub hauv paus nyob rau hauv lub tsev nrog nws ob txhais tes faus lawv cov kws txawj pom zoo kom tsis muaj tsawg tshaj li 1.5-2 m. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cia kom khov ntau ntau thiab cov chaw ntawm av yuav yeej yuav dhau lawm. Ua hauj lwm yuav tau ua li cas vaj ntsuab. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas, yog tias swampy av ntawm qhov chaw, nyob rau hauv qab ntawm cov qhov dej yuav tsum ncuav xuab zeb txheej thickness ntawm tsawg kawg yog 5 cm.

Installation ntawm mus tas li formwork thiab qhov cuab lub zog

Yog li ntawd qho to npaj. Yuav ua li cas tom ntej no? Bored nrog phuaj foundation nrog nws tus kheej ob txhais tes feem ntau yog ua li cas rau cov kav dej. Nyob rau xoob av nyob rau hauv lub tug yuav tsum tau siv hlau cov khoom. Rau ceev haum thiab cov duab los qhia cov hlab, tab sis tas impregnated nrog bitumen mastic los yog khib nyiab roj. Nws yog feem ntau kuj siv lawv version ntawm asbestos. Saum toj no hauv pem teb formwork yuav tsum sawv mus rau tib theem dav hlau. Thaum pouring lub hauv paus ntawm no hom yuav tsum tau borne nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias lub nkoj foundation rau hauv av mus pw los yog txawm kov nws yuav tsum tsis txhob. Ze ntawm nws cov qab mus rau lub Sandy av nto yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 5 cm, distending - 10 cm.

Thaum cov formwork yog ntsia, nws txo qis reinforcing rods kev cob cog rua ntawm hlau clamps nyob rau hauv increments ntawm ib 'meter'. Saum toj no lub pawg, lawv yuav tsum sawv los 10-15 cm. Qhov no yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tom qab ua ib tug hnav ntawm rebar tug nrog fittings grillage.

Filling posts

Qhob mix rau bored pawg ua los ntawm qib MAAs (dua li M400) thiab loj sifted xuab zeb tsis muaj organic impurities nyob rau hauv kev faib ua feem 1: 3. Bay nyob rau hauv ob peb lub raj thoob tshuaj chob nws thiab pheej hais ceg txheem ntseeg los sis pas nrig tshem tawm voids. Yog li ntawd ua li ntev raws li lub formwork yog lawm ua tus sau kiag li. Ib tug txaus tuab av qhov cuab lub zog rods tau lo ncaj qha mus rau lub sib tov.

ntsia hlau pawg

Yog hais tias qhov kev kawm, nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, zog cov nqi yuav tsis tshua ntau li ntau tau. Yog hais tias koj ua tsis xav siv lub sij hawm pouring qhob txhua, cia li muas ready-made hlau ntsia hlau pawg. Muaj hau ntswj lawv mus rau hauv lub hauv av raws li sai tau thiab tsis muaj kev siv ntawm tshwj xeeb cov khoom. Tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau raws li ib tug ob peb cov neeg. Feem ntau, ob los ntawm inserting ib crowbar nyob rau hauv ib pawg slots, screwed nws mus rau hauv lub hauv av. Qhov thib peb tus neeg ntawm lwm yam uas lub theem ntawm Verticality. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, koj muaj peev xwm siv txoj kev no tsuas yog rau cov tsis dhau tus mob rocky chaw.

Tus ntaus ntawv grillage

Mus rau cov kev siv ntawm ib tug qauv zoo li no raws li ib tug phuaj foundation bored, tab tom ua nrog nws tus kheej txhais tes, casting tapes. Nyob rau hauv nws yog ua tau kom lub hauv qab formwork. Tab sis raws li grillage nyob rau hauv xws cov me nyuam yaus feem ntau yog tsis siab dhau heev lawm saum toj no hauv pem teb, koj yuav ua li cas yooj yim. Nyob rau hauv nws qab xwb nchuav xuab zeb thiab leveled los ntawm cov saum toj kawg nkaus thiaj li mus nrhiav tau ib tug platform rau tag nrho ntev ntawm daim kab xev txaus dav lawm yav tom ntej. Nyob rau lub resulting "hauv qab", nco ntsoov muab ib tug sawb ntawm vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas. Txwv tsis pub cov dej los ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum kos rau hauv cov xuab zeb. Nyob rau sab ntawm ntsia pa formwork.

Nyob rau hauv lub kauj ruam tom ntej footing yog poured nyob rau hauv ib tug tuab ntawm 5 cm. Thaum nws yuav txeeb, yuav tsum npaj kom txhij rau nruab rau hauv lub reinforcing tawb. Nws yuav tsum tau txuam nrog hlau rods so ntawm pawg. Ntxiv mus, lub formwork yog pw qhob. Thaum casting daim kab xev raws li zoo raws li lub pawg yuav tsum tau los ntawm lub sij hawm rau lub sij hawm ib tug ceg txheem ntseeg los sis chob duav.

Cov theem kawg

Yog li ntawd koj tau muaj nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus dhuav nrog grillage. Cov cuab yeej ntawm nws siv, raws li tau pom, yog haum yooj yim. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws tau lub hauv paus rau ib lub tsev, koj yuav tsum tau ua ib yam dab tsi lwm tus.

Ob peb hnub tshem tawm cov formwork los ntawm rau daim kab xev. Xuab zeb yog zoo dua mus rau tawm tsawg kawg yog ib lub lim tiam. Tsis pub dhau kaum plaub hnub tom qab lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau los ntawm lub sij hawm rau lub sij hawm moistened nrog dej kom nws tsis tshwm sim ces dag tej kab nrib pleb. Yuav kom sawv hauv av nyob rau hauv lub tsev yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav tsawg tshaj li ib lub hlis. Nws yog rau tej lub sij hawm ua vaj tse nreg lub zog txaus.

Ua ntej embarking rau ib tug masonry phab ntsa los yog los ua ke, yuav tsum muab rau daim kab xev uas muaj ob khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas, glued lawv mastic asphalt.

Raws li koj tau pom, pouring ib tug qauv zoo li no raws li ib tug phuaj foundation bored, technically - nws yog yooj yim. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog ua raws li nrog tag nrho cov tswv yim pom zoo thiab siv high-zoo cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub hauv paus yog kev ruaj ntseg, thiab lub tsev yuav sawv rau nws rau decades.