Angiosperms - Department muaj. General yam ntxwv thiab qhov tseem ceeb

Sau tag nrho cov angiosperms, tej zaum, nws yog ib tsab tsis yooj yim sua. Yog, thiab lub npe hom uas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv qhov thiab tib neeg lub neej yuav tsis yooj yim. Tom qab tag nrho, cov nroj tsuag tau ntev tau tswv yim tseem ceeb, thiab lawv cov neeg sawv cev yog lub npe hu ua siav, kev, ornamental thiab zaub noj cov qoob loo. Yuav ua li cas yog cov cim qhia tau tau Pokrytosemennye department? General yam ntxwv thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau tham nyob rau hauv peb tsab xov xwm. Wb tau pib.

Biology: Angiosperms department

Tag nrho cov noob nroj tsuag muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov yam ntxwv nta uas ua rau nws txiav txim rau lub ntiaj teb. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv lub evolution ntawm cov kab mob no raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm adaptation rau hloov ib puag ncig tej yam kev mob. Department of Angiosperms, raws li taxonomy, muaj ntau tshaj li ob puas thiab tsib caug txhiab txhiab tus tsiaj nyob rau hauv ib tug muab lub sij hawm. Thaum lawv cov predecessors - Gymnosperms department - tsuas yog yim.

Ntsiab nta ntawm lub department ntawm angiosperms:

- lub xub ntiag ntawm ib lub paj;

- tsim ntawm lub fetus;

- txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub embryo hauv lub noob kab;

- ob chav fertilization;

- lub xub ntiag ntawm ib lub noob surrounded los ntawm cov pericarp.

Noj ua ke, cov nta thiab txiav txim seb lub zoo, ua tsaug rau uas cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Department of Angiosperms yuav kis tau thoob plaws lub ntiaj chaw, uas tau mastered rau lub tej yam kev mob ntawm climatic sib txawv ib ncig chaw thiab koj cov menyuam.

Gymnosperms thiab angiosperms: zoo sib xws thiab sib txawv

Tab sis rov qab mus rau hauv paus. Tag nrho cov noob nroj tsuag ua ke rau hauv ob seem: Golo - thiab angiosperms. Cov ntawv luam ntawm cov thawj taxonomic pab pawg neeg mas sawv cev Softwoods chav kawm ntawv. Cov no yog cov nroj tsuag nrog ib tug predominance ntawm ntxhov lub neej daim ntawv no, nrog tus kais hauv paus system. Ntoo yog sawv cev los ntawm nyias nplooj - koob. Ua tsaug rau lawv thiab mus rau lub xub ntiag ntawm cob ducts, uas tiv thaiv tau ntev evaporation txheej txheem, cov nroj tsuag nyob twj ywm evergreen thoob plaws hauv lub caij. Tab sis lub ntsiab feature ntawm daim card no yog tus tsis muaj paj, thiab chaw pib lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov noob lawv muaj nyob rau ntawm lub khob hliav qab teev qhib, lawv yuav tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm dab tsi. Yog li ntawd, yuav ua rau muaj hais tias lawv yuav ciaj sia tuaj, tsis zoo li ntawd, vim hais tias cov as-ham tsis txaus.

Angiosperms department combines cov nroj tsuag uas paj yog tsim, thiab raws li, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Hauv no generative hloov khoom nruab nrog noob muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm tej kev phiv los ntawm qhov chaw, sov li thiab muab cov kev tsim nyog mov ntawm cov as-ham.

zoo

Angiosperms - department ntawm ntau dua cov nroj tsuag, uas muaj ib tug meej ntxiv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus tiv thaiv ntawm lub noob thiab tus creation ntawm dej siab tej yam kev mob rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub embryo mus rau lawv tseem sawv muaj xws li cov adaptation ntawm cov noob rau kis. Piv txwv li, Maple txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj tshwj xeeb tuaj los ntawm kev uas lawv tau yooj yim nqa los ntawm cov cua. Ib tug boll poppy nws tus kheej tawg thaum siav, kis lub noob. Cua txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo kis tau tus tsiaj uas noj lawv, thiab raws lub undigested zaub mov tseem ntawm ib tug deb. Gymnosperms tsis muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lawv yog cov noob nyob rau hauv lub cones, uas yog tsis nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Qhov no hloov tua, neeg ua hauj lwm qhov chaw ntawm tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm noob. Tsis Tshuag yuav tsum tau rau embryonic txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tshuaj los yog pab kiag li lawm rau noob dispersal thiab resettlement lawv tsis nroj tsuag.

nta kev faib

Angiosperms department muab cov ob cov hoob kawm. Lub ntsiab feature ntawm lub division - lub xov tooj ntawm cotyledons nyob rau hauv lub embryo ntawm lub noob. Tsev Neeg division angiosperms - Single- thiab Dicotyledonous - muaj lwm yam ntxwv.

Department of Angiosperms: general cov yam ntxwv ntawm monocots

Department of angiosperms, Monocotyledons chav kawm ntawv muaj ntau tshaj 600,000 hom. Lub neej cov ntaub ntawv, uas nws hais yog mas nyom. Tab sis ib tug cotyledon nyob rau hauv lub embryo ntawm lub noob rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov hoob kawm no yog yus muaj los ntawm fibrous paus system, cov nyob rau ntawm tej yam yooj yim nplooj nrog thaum uas tig mus thiab tsis tshua - nrog arc los yog ib tug p-hom venation. Cambium - sab kev kawm ntaub ntawm tus kav, nyob rau hauv monocots uas ploj lawm cov nroj tsuag. Vim li no, lawv tsis tsim ib tug haib yeej. monocots chav kawm ntawv muaj xws li ob peb me me thiab systematic units - tsev neeg.

Cov tsev neeg ntawm cereals

Ib tug yam ntxwv feature ntawm tag nrho cov cereals yog lub xub ntiag ntawm lub hollow kav. Nws yog hu ua tus culm. Tsim ib tug kav vim lub fact tias cov kev kawm ntaub nyob rau ntawm cov ntshav. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg yog nplej, rye, barley, maize, nplej nyom thiab lwm yam nroj tsuag. Lwm feature ntawm cereal yog txawv txawv paj, uas yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv ib lub Corolla teev. Tus nab npawb ntawm Stamens mas nws txawv ntawm peb mus rau rau, tej zaum kuj ntau. Tej yam txawv paj yog sau nyob rau hauv inflorescence - panicle complex los yog pob ntseg. Zes qe menyuam tsim los ntawm ob tug carpels. Sessile nplooj ntawm cereals tsis kav, nrog thaum uas tig mus venation muaj peb qhov chaw: koj qhov chaw mos, thiab tus nplaig phaj ncaj qha.

Tag nrho cov cereals yog zoo heev zaub mov cov qoob loo. Feem ntau ntawm lawv yog siv rau qhuav ntawm cereals, hmoov, ci ntau yam ntawm lub khob cij. Ib tug ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cereals thiab qab zib pas nrig yog.

Dos thiab tsev neeg Liliaceae

Ib tug yam ntxwv feature ntawm cov tsev neeg yog lub hav zoov ntawm ib tug underground khiav kev hloov kho - qhov muag teev. Hais tias nws muaj ib tug mov ntawm cov as-ham, vim uas cov nroj tsuag muaj peev xwm ciaj sia thoob plaws unfavorable lub sij hawm. Chestnokov thiab Leeks yog raug cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg. Tab sis lub Lily nroj tsuag tau daim muag, rhizomes tej zaum. Tulip, prolesok, hyacinth, Lily ntawm cov hav, gagea, fritillary .. Cov nroj tsuag yog cov thawj kos npe rau ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Ua ntej qhov pib ntawm lub caij ntuj qhuav lawv muaj sij hawm mus rau loj hlob thiab ottsvesti. Ces lawv cov aboveground ib feem tuag, tab sis lub teeb nyob rau hauv lub hauv av tseem zaum thoob plaws hauv lub tag nrho lub sij hawm ntawm cov hav zoov ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg Liliaceae.

Class Dicotyledons: cov yam ntxwv nta

Peb mus txuas ntxiv mus saib Pokrytosemennye department, nws cov chav kawm zoo paub. Los ntawm txoj kev, Dicotyledonous yog cov coob ntawm lawv. Lawv muaj ob tug cotyledons nyob rau hauv lub embryo ntawm lub noob, kais hauv paus system, yooj yim los yog compound yoojyim nrog pinnate, palmate los yog arc venation. Cov kav dicotyledonous nyob cambium - kev kawm ntaub sab. Nws yog lub luag hauj lwm rau lawv txoj kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv thickness. Yog li ntawd, rau cov nroj tsuag yog yus muaj los ntawm lub neej cov ntaub ntawv, tshuaj ntsuab, cov shrubs thiab cov ntoo. Tsev neeg, uas yuav mus rau cov hoob kawm no yog heev heev. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav saib tsuas yog ib tug ntawm lawv.

tsev neeg Rosaceae

Qhov no yog raws li ntau li ntau peb txhiab hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo cov qoob loo. Kua, pear, txiv duaj, txiv moj mab, Quince, lws suav, txiv duaj - yog cia li ib co ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg Rosaceae. Lawv yog cov yooj yim kom paub qhov txawv ntawm lwm yam los ntawm lawv cov yam ntxwv nta: ib tug tsib-membered paj uas muaj ntau ntau Stamens thiab ib tug muab ob npaug rau perianth. Inflorescence - ib tug txhuam los yog phaj. Thiab lub ntsiab hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog ib tug drupe thiab kua. Cov haiv neeg ib tug neeg siv nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov thiab preserves, vim hais tias lawv muaj nqi tsw.

leguminous

Qhov no systematic unit muaj lwm lub npe - tus npauj npaim. Cov nroj tsuag yog vim nws paj qauv, uas nws petals ntawm txawv nrhiav thiab zoo li ib tug npauj npaim nrog daim ntau quav tso tis. Tiam sis ua ntej lawv yuav tau lawv lub npe hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo - taum. Nws yog qhuav thiab qhia ob flaps ntawm lub leeg. Nyob rau txhua ntawm lawv lub noob muaj nyob rau. Cov tsev neeg yog cov tshuaj, cov roj, pub, khoom noj khoom haus thiab ornamental nroj tsuag. Lawv raug cov neeg sawv cev yog taum pauv, taum mog, taum, clover, licorice, acacia, txiv laum huab xeeb thiab lwm yam nroj tsuag.

solanaceous

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws-paub haiv neeg, sawv cev rau tsev neeg ntawm Solanaceae, lwm yam tshaj li cov nroj tsuag ntawm lub tib lub npe yog qos yaj ywm, txiv lws suav, Eggplants, kua txob thiab haus luam yeeb. Lawv paj kuj tsib-membered, tab sis lub sepals thiab tej nplaim yog fused, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo los yog cov tshuaj ntsiav. Qhov loj tshaj nyiaj txiag tseem ceeb ntawm cov no yog cov zaub thiab industrial cov qoob loo, uas muaj xws li kev haus luam yeeb thiab haus luam yeeb. Tab sis nightshade datura, henbane thiab belladonna yog lom nroj tsuag uas yuav ua rau mob loj heev lom ntawm tib neeg lub cev.

cabbage tsev neeg

Qhov no systematic tsev, hu ua qhov no txoj kev los ntawm cov feem ntau raug tus neeg sawv cev, yog tseem hu ua cruciferous. Qhov no yog hais tias lub paj muaj plaub tej nplaim, cov txheej txheem ntawm opposite txhua lwm yam. Outwardly, nws tsa tus duab ntawm ib tug ntoo khaub lig. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau ntau yam hom zaub qhwv thiab muaj xws li relis, turnip, qos liab, dib qaub, mustard thiab rapeseed.

Tus nqi ntawm cov angiosperms nyob rau hauv qhov thiab tib neeg lub neej

Department ntawm flowering (angiosperms) nroj feem ntau yog ib feem ntawm yuav luag tag nrho cov zej zog, qhov link hauv cov zaub mov saw, lub hauv paus ntawm ntsuab organic teeb meem.

Ntawm cov zaub mov cov qoob loo ntawm kev tseem ceeb yog lub tsev neeg ntawm cereals, legumes, Rosaceae, Cruciferous. Muaj ntau ntawm cov nroj tsuag siv rau zus tau tej cov medicaments. Qhov no licorice, marshmallow, valerian, Tansy, St. John lub wort, celandine. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm flowering nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv nplua nuj vitamins, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog C. Qhov no pos nphuab, blueberry, cranberry, qus rose, cov qij thiab cov dos.

Tsis muaj leej twg cov kev cai toj roob hauv pes yog tsis yooj yim sua xav txog tej yam tsis muaj tus ornamental flowering nroj tsuag, cov uas lub feem ntau roses, daffodils, dahlias, asters, petunias, daisies, lilies, tulips, thiab lwm tus neeg.

Muaj ntau cov qoob loo yog koj niam. Lawv paj muaj ib tug ntxiag aroma thiab qab zib kua paj ntoo uas attracts pollinating kab. Cov no nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau hu ua txawv tsiaj ntawm cov acacia, txiv qaub, buckwheat.

Tab sis muaj ib txhia flowering txiv neej tseem tau mus tua. Nws pestiferous nroj: nplej nyom, quinoa, tseb thistle, barnyard nyom thiab lwm tus neeg. Muaj kuj lom hom. Yog li, thaum uas siv incorrectly, celandine yuav ua rau mob loj heev tu-sauv thiab dope - hallucinations, tsis muaj kev tswj ntawm nco qab thiab fem.

Nta department Pokrytosemennye ua tim khawv rau lawv cov qib high theem ntawm lub koom haum uas tso cai rau lawv mus coj ib tug ua txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag ntiaj teb no system.